iSCSI網關集成了Ceph存盤和iSCSI標準，以提供一個高可用性(HA) iSCSI目標，該目標將RADOS塊設備(RBD)映像匯出為SCSI磁盤，iSCSI協議允許客戶機 (initiator) 通過TCP/IP網路向SCSI存盤設備( targets )發送SCSI命令，這允許異構客戶機訪問Ceph存盤集群，
每個iSCSI網關運行Linux IO目標內核子系統(LIO)，以提供iSCSI協議支持，LIO利用用戶空間通過( TCMU ) 與Ceph的librbd庫互動，并向iSCSI客戶機暴露RBD鏡像，使用Ceph的iSCSI網關，可以有效地運行一個完全集成的塊存盤基礎設施，它具有傳統存盤區域網路(SAN)的所有特性和優點，
RBD 作為 VMware ESXI datastore 是否支持？
（1）目前來說，RBD是不支持datastore形式，
（2）iSCSI 是支持 datastore 這種方式，可以作為VMware Esxi 虛擬機提供存盤功能，性價比非常不錯的選擇，
1、創建池和鏡像
（1）創建池
# ceph osd pool create iscsi-images 128 128 replicated # ceph osd pool application enable iscsi-images rbd
（2）創建images
# rbd --pool iscsi-images create --size=2048 'iscsi-gateway-image001' # rbd --pool iscsi-images create --size=4096 'iscsi-gateway-image002' # rbd --pool iscsi-images create --size=2048 'iscsi-gateway-image003' # rbd --pool iscsi-images create --size=4096 'iscsi-gateway-image004'
（3）顯示images
# rbd ls -p iscsi-images iscsi-gateway-image001 iscsi-gateway-image002 iscsi-gateway-image003 iscsi-gateway-image004
2、deepsea 方式安裝iSCSI網關
（1）node001 和 node002節點上安裝，編輯policy.cfg 檔案
vim /srv/pillar/ceph/proposals/policy.cfg ...... # IGW role-igw/cluster/node00[1-2]*.sls ......
（2）運行 stage 2 和 stage 4
# salt-run state.orch ceph.stage.2 # salt 'node001*' pillar.items public_network: 192.168.2.0/24 roles: - mon - mgr - storage - igw time_server: admin.example.com # salt-run state.orch ceph.stage.4
3、手動方式安裝iSCSI網關
（1）node003 節點安裝 iscsi 軟體包
# zypper -n in -t pattern ceph_iscsi # zypper -n in tcmu-runner tcmu-runner-handler-rbd \ ceph-iscsi patterns-ses-ceph_iscsi python3-Flask python3-click python3-configshell-fb \ python3-itsdangerous python3-netifaces python3-rtslib-fb \ python3-targetcli-fb python3-urwid targetcli-fb-common
（2）admin節點創建key,并復制到 node003
# ceph auth add client.igw.node003 mon 'allow *' osd 'allow *' mgr 'allow r' # ceph auth get client.igw.node003 client.igw.node003 key: AQC0eotdAAAAABAASZrZH9KEo0V0WtFTCW9AHQ== caps: [mgr] allow r caps: [mon] allow * caps: [osd] allow *
# ceph auth get client.igw.node003 >> /etc/ceph/ceph.client.igw.node003.keyring # scp /etc/ceph/ceph.client.igw.node003.keyring node003:/etc/ceph
（3）node003 節點啟動服務
# systemctl start tcmu-runner.service
# systemctl enable tcmu-runner.service
（4）node003 節點創建組態檔
# vim /etc/ceph/iscsi-gateway.cfg [config] cluster_client_name = client.igw.node003 pool = iscsi-images trusted_ip_list = 192.168.2.42,192.168.2.40,192.168.2.41 minimum_gateways = 1 fqdn_enabled=true # Additional API configuration options are as follows, defaults shown. api_port = 5000 api_user = admin api_password = admin api_secure = false # Log level logger_level = WARNING
（5）啟動 RBD target 服務
# systemctl start rbd-target-api.service
# systemctl enable rbd-target-api.service
（6）顯示配置資訊
# gwcli info HTTP mode : http Rest API port : 5000 Local endpoint : http://localhost:5000/api Local Ceph Cluster : ceph 2ndary API IP's : 192.168.2.42,192.168.2.40,192.168.2.41
# gwcli ls o- / ...................................................................... [...] o- cluster ...................................................... [Clusters: 1] | o- ceph ......................................................... [HEALTH_OK] | o- pools ....................................................... [Pools: 1] | | o- iscsi-images ........ [(x3), Commit: 0.00Y/15718656K (0%), Used: 192K] | o- topology ............................................. [OSDs: 6,MONs: 3] o- disks .................................................... [0.00Y, Disks: 0] o- iscsi-targets ............................ [DiscoveryAuth: None, Targets: 0]
4、Dashboard 添加 iscsi 網關
（1）Admin節點上，查看 dashboard iSCSI 網關
admin:~ # ceph dashboard iscsi-gateway-list
{"gateways": {"node002.example.com": {"service_url": "http://admin:[email protected]:5000"},
"node001.example.com": {"service_url": "http://admin:[email protected]:5000"}}}
（2）添加 iSCSI 網關
# ceph dashboard iscsi-gateway-add http://admin:[email protected]:5000 # ceph dashboard iscsi-gateway-list {"gateways": {"node002.example.com": {"service_url": "http://admin:[email protected]:5000"}, "node001.example.com": {"service_url": "http://admin:[email protected]:5000"}, "node003.example.com": {"service_url": "http://admin:[email protected]:5000"}}}
（3）登陸 Dashboard 查看 iSCSI 網關
5、Export RBD Images via iSCSI
（1）創建 iSCSI target name
# gwcli
gwcli > /> cd /iscsi-targets
gwcli > /iscsi-targets> create iqn.2019-10.com.suse-iscsi.iscsi01.x86:iscsi-gateway01
（2）添加 iSCSI 網關
gwcli > /iscsi-targets> cd iqn.2019-10.com.suse-iscsi.iscsi01.x86:iscsi-gateway01/gateways
/iscsi-target...tvol/gateways> create node001.example.com 172.200.50.40
/iscsi-target...tvol/gateways> create node002.example.com 172.200.50.41
/iscsi-target...tvol/gateways> create node003.example.com 172.200.50.42
/iscsi-target...ay01/gateways> ls
o- gateways ......................................................... [Up: 3/3, Portals: 3]
o- node001.example.com ............................................. [172.200.50.40 (UP)]
o- node002.example.com ............................................. [172.200.50.41 (UP)]
o- node003.example.com ............................................. [172.200.50.42 (UP)]
注意：安裝主機名來定義
/iscsi-target...tvol/gateways> create node002 172.200.50.41
The first gateway defined must be the local machine
（3）添加 RBD 鏡像
/iscsi-target...tvol/gateways> cd /disks
/disks> attach iscsi-images/iscsi-gateway-image001
/disks> attach iscsi-images/iscsi-gateway-image002
（4）target 和 RBD 鏡像建立映射關系
/disks> cd /iscsi-targets/iqn.2019-10.com.suse-iscsi.iscsi01.x86:iscsi-gateway01/disks
/iscsi-target...teway01/disks> add iscsi-images/iscsi-gateway-image001
/iscsi-target...teway01/disks> add iscsi-images/iscsi-gateway-image002
（5）設定不驗證
gwcli > /> cd /iscsi-targets/iqn.2019-10.com.suse-iscsi.iscsi01.x86:iscsi-gateway01/hosts
/iscsi-target...teway01/hosts> auth disable_acl
/iscsi-target...teway01/hosts> exit
（6）查看配置資訊
node001:~ # gwcli ls
o- / ............................................................................... [...]
o- cluster ............................................................... [Clusters: 1]
| o- ceph .................................................................. [HEALTH_OK]
| o- pools ................................................................ [Pools: 1]
| | o- iscsi-images .................. [(x3), Commit: 6G/15717248K (40%), Used: 1152K]
| o- topology ...................................................... [OSDs: 6,MONs: 3]
o- disks ................................................................ [6G, Disks: 2]
| o- iscsi-images .................................................. [iscsi-images (6G)]
| o- iscsi-gateway-image001 ............... [iscsi-images/iscsi-gateway-image001 (2G)]
| o- iscsi-gateway-image002 ............... [iscsi-images/iscsi-gateway-image002 (4G)]
o- iscsi-targets ..................................... [DiscoveryAuth: None, Targets: 1]
o- iqn.2019-10.com.suse-iscsi.iscsi01.x86:iscsi-gateway01 .............. [Gateways: 3]
o- disks ................................................................ [Disks: 2]
| o- iscsi-images/iscsi-gateway-image001 .............. [Owner: node001.example.com]
| o- iscsi-images/iscsi-gateway-image002 .............. [Owner: node002.example.com]
o- gateways .................................................. [Up: 3/3, Portals: 3]
| o- node001.example.com ...................................... [172.200.50.40 (UP)]
| o- node002.example.com ...................................... [172.200.50.41 (UP)]
| o- node003.example.com ...................................... [172.200.50.42 (UP)]
o- host-groups ........................................................ [Groups : 0]
o- hosts .................................................... [Hosts: 0: Auth: None]
6、使用 Dashboard 界面輸出 RBD Images
（1）添加 iSCSI target
（2）撰寫 target IQN，并且添加鏡像 Portals 和 images
（3）查看新添加 iSCSI target 資訊
7、Linux 客戶端訪問
（1）啟動 iscsid 服務
- SLES or RHEL
# systemctl start iscsid.service
# systemctl enable iscsid.service
- Debian or Ubuntu
# systemctl start open-iscsi
（2）發現和連接 targets
# iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 172.200.50.40 172.200.50.40:3260,1 iqn.2019-10.com.suse-iscsi.iscsi01.x86:iscsi-gateway01 172.200.50.41:3260,2 iqn.2019-10.com.suse-iscsi.iscsi01.x86:iscsi-gateway01 172.200.50.42:3260,3 iqn.2019-10.com.suse-iscsi.iscsi01.x86:iscsi-gateway01 172.200.50.40:3260,1 iqn.2019-10.com.suse-iscsi.iscsi01.x86:iscsi-gateway02 172.200.50.41:3260,2 iqn.2019-10.com.suse-iscsi.iscsi01.x86:iscsi-gateway02 172.200.50.42:3260,3 iqn.2019-10.com.suse-iscsi.iscsi01.x86:iscsi-gateway02
（3）登錄target
# iscsiadm -m node -p 172.200.50.40 --login # iscsiadm -m node -p 172.200.50.41 --login # iscsiadm -m node -p 172.200.50.42 --login
# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 25G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 509M 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 24.5G 0 part ├─vg00-lvswap 254:0 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─vg00-lvroot 254:1 0 122.5G 0 lvm / sdb 8:16 0 100G 0 disk └─vg00-lvroot 254:1 0 122.5G 0 lvm / sdc 8:32 0 2G 0 disk sdd 8:48 0 2G 0 disk sde 8:64 0 4G 0 disk sdf 8:80 0 4G 0 disk sdg 8:96 0 2G 0 disk sdh 8:112 0 4G 0 disk sdi 8:128 0 2G 0 disk sdj 8:144 0 4G 0 disk sdk 8:160 0 2G 0 disk sdl 8:176 0 2G 0 disk sdm 8:192 0 4G 0 disk sdn 8:208 0 4G 0 disk
（4）如果系統上已安裝 lsscsi 實用程式，您可以使用它來列舉系統上可用的 SCSI 設備：
# lsscsi [1:0:0:0] cd/dvd NECVMWar VMware SATA CD01 1.00 /dev/sr0 [30:0:0:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sda [30:0:1:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sdb [33:0:0:0] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sdc [33:0:0:1] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sde [34:0:0:2] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sdd [34:0:0:3] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sdf [35:0:0:0] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sdg [35:0:0:1] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sdh [36:0:0:2] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sdi [36:0:0:3] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sdj [37:0:0:0] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sdk [37:0:0:1] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sdm [38:0:0:2] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sdl [38:0:0:3] disk SUSE RBD 4.0 /dev/sdn
（5）多路徑設定
# zypper in multipath-tools # modprobe dm-multipath path # systemctl start multipathd.service # systemctl enable multipathd.service
# multipath -ll 36001405863b0b3975c54c5f8d1ce0e01 dm-3 SUSE,RBD size=4.0G features='2 queue_if_no_path retain_attached_hw_handler' hwhandler='1 alua' wp=rw |-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=50 status=active | `- 35:0:0:1 sdh 8:112 active ready running <=== 單條鏈路 active `-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=10 status=enabled |- 33:0:0:1 sde 8:64 active ready running `- 37:0:0:1 sdm 8:192 active ready running 3600140529260bf41c294075beede0c21 dm-2 SUSE,RBD size=2.0G features='2 queue_if_no_path retain_attached_hw_handler' hwhandler='1 alua' wp=rw |-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=50 status=active | `- 33:0:0:0 sdc 8:32 active ready running `-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=10 status=enabled |- 35:0:0:0 sdg 8:96 active ready running `- 37:0:0:0 sdk 8:160 active ready running 360014055d00387c82104d338e81589cb dm-4 SUSE,RBD size=2.0G features='2 queue_if_no_path retain_attached_hw_handler' hwhandler='1 alua' wp=rw |-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=50 status=active | `- 38:0:0:2 sdl 8:176 active ready running `-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=10 status=enabled |- 34:0:0:2 sdd 8:48 active ready running `- 36:0:0:2 sdi 8:128 active ready running 3600140522ec3f9612b64b45aa3e72d9c dm-5 SUSE,RBD size=4.0G features='2 queue_if_no_path retain_attached_hw_handler' hwhandler='1 alua' wp=rw |-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=50 status=active | `- 34:0:0:3 sdf 8:80 active ready running `-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=10 status=enabled |- 36:0:0:3 sdj 8:144 active ready running `- 38:0:0:3 sdn 8:208 active ready running
（5）編輯多路徑組態檔
# vim /etc/multipath.conf defaults { user_friendly_names yes } devices { device { vendor "(LIO-ORG|SUSE)" product "RBD" path_grouping_policy "multibus" # 所有有效路徑在一個優先組群中 path_checker "tur" # 在設備中執行 TEST UNIT READY 命令， features "0" hardware_handler "1 alua" # 在切換路徑組群或者處理 I/O 錯誤時用來執行硬體具體動作的模塊， prio "alua" failback "immediate" rr_weight "uniform" # 所有路徑都有相同的加權 no_path_retry 12 # 路徑故障后，重試12次，每次5秒 rr_min_io 100 # 指定切換到當前路徑組的下一個路徑前路由到該路徑的 I/O 請求數， } }
# systemctl stop multipathd.service
# systemctl start multipathd.service
（6）查看多路徑狀態
# multipath -ll mpathd (3600140522ec3f9612b64b45aa3e72d9c) dm-5 SUSE,RBD size=4.0G features='2 queue_if_no_path retain_attached_hw_handler' hwhandler='1 alua' wp=rw `-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=23 status=active |- 34:0:0:3 sdf 8:80 active ready running <=== 多條鏈路 active |- 36:0:0:3 sdj 8:144 active ready running `- 38:0:0:3 sdn 8:208 active ready running mpathc (360014055d00387c82104d338e81589cb) dm-4 SUSE,RBD size=2.0G features='2 queue_if_no_path retain_attached_hw_handler' hwhandler='1 alua' wp=rw `-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=23 status=active |- 34:0:0:2 sdd 8:48 active ready running |- 36:0:0:2 sdi 8:128 active ready running `- 38:0:0:2 sdl 8:176 active ready running mpathb (36001405863b0b3975c54c5f8d1ce0e01) dm-3 SUSE,RBD size=4.0G features='2 queue_if_no_path retain_attached_hw_handler' hwhandler='1 alua' wp=rw `-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=23 status=active |- 33:0:0:1 sde 8:64 active ready running |- 35:0:0:1 sdh 8:112 active ready running `- 37:0:0:1 sdm 8:192 active ready running mpatha (3600140529260bf41c294075beede0c21) dm-2 SUSE,RBD size=2.0G features='2 queue_if_no_path retain_attached_hw_handler' hwhandler='1 alua' wp=rw `-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=23 status=active |- 33:0:0:0 sdc 8:32 active ready running |- 35:0:0:0 sdg 8:96 active ready running `- 37:0:0:0 sdk 8:160 active ready running
（7）顯示當前的device mapper的資訊
# dmsetup ls --tree mpathd (254:5) ├─ (8:208) ├─ (8:144) └─ (8:80) mpathc (254:4) ├─ (8:176) ├─ (8:128) └─ (8:48) mpathb (254:3) ├─ (8:192) ├─ (8:112) └─ (8:64) mpatha (254:2) ├─ (8:160) ├─ (8:96) └─ (8:32) vg00-lvswap (254:0) └─ (8:2) vg00-lvroot (254:1) ├─ (8:16) └─ (8:2)
（8）客戶端 yast iscsi-client 工具查看
iSCSI的其他常用操作（客戶端）
（1）列出所有target
# iscsiadm -m node
（2）連接所有target
# iscsiadm -m node -L all
（3）連接指定target
# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.... -p 172.29.88.62 --login
（4）使用如下命令可以查看配置資訊
# iscsiadm -m node -o show -T iqn.2000-01.com.synology:rackstation.exservice-bak
（5）查看目前 iSCSI target 連接狀態
# iscsiadm -m session
# iscsiadm: No active sessions.
(目前沒有已連接的 iSCSI target)
（6）斷開所有target
# iscsiadm -m node -U all
（7）斷開指定target
# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn... -p 172.29.88.62 --logout
（8）洗掉所有node資訊
# iscsiadm -m node --op delete
（9）洗掉指定節點（/var/lib/iscsi/nodes目錄下，先斷開session）
# iscsiadm -m node -o delete -name iqn.2012-01.cn.nayun:test-01
（10）洗掉一個目標（/var/lib/iscsi/send_targets目錄下）
# iscsiadm --mode discovery -o delete -p 172.29.88.62:3260
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