需要將提取串列中的某些值合并到子串列中-有解無憂

我正在從檔案中提取此文本塊以轉換為字典：

ACC210:
Luther, Martin
Spurgeon, Charles

CS121P:
Bunyan, John
Henry, Matthew
Luther, Martin

CS132S:
Calvin, John
Knox, John
Owen, John

這是我用來打開它并創建兩個串列的代碼，以便我可以使用它們來創建字典：

with open("classes.txt") as file:
    data = [line.strip() for line in file]
    a = []
    b = []
    for x in data:
        if ':' in x:
            a.append(x)
        else:
            b.append(x)

名單出來了

['ACC210:', 'CS121P:', 'CS132S:']
['Luther, Martin', 'Spurgeon, Charles', '', 'Bunyan, John', 'Henry, Matthew', 'Luther, Martin', '', 'Calvin, John', 'Knox, John', 'Owen, John', '']

但是我需要第二個串列看起來像這樣：

[['Luther, Martin', 'Spurgeon, Charles'],['Bunyan, John', 'Henry, Matthew','Luther, Martin'], ['Calvin, John', 'Knox, John', 'Owen, John']]

我該怎么做？

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

您可以嘗試以下操作：

lst1, lst2 = [], []
with open('input.txt', 'r') as f:
    for line in map(lambda x: x.rstrip('\n'), f):
        if ':' in line:
            lst1.append(line)
            lst2.append(names := [])
        elif line:
            names.append(line)

print(lst1) # ['ACC210:', 'CS121P:', 'CS132S:']
print(lst2)
# [['Luther, Martin', 'Spurgeon, Charles'], ['Bunyan, John', 'Henry, Matthew', 'Luther, Martin'], ['Calvin, John', 'Knox, John', 'Owen, John']]

該行lst2.append(names := [])需要 python 3.8 。如果該行不適合您，請使用：

names = []
lst2.append(names)

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

如果您正在嘗試制作 dict，則可以執行以下操作：

import re 

di={}
with open(fn) as f:
    for k,v in re.findall(r'(^.*):([\s\S]*?)(?=^$|\Z)', f.read(), flags=re.M):
        di[k]=v.strip().splitlines()

>>> di
{'ACC210': ['Luther, Martin', 'Spurgeon, Charles'], 'CS121P': ['Bunyan, John', 'Henry, Matthew', 'Luther, Martin'], 'CS132S': ['Calvin, John', 'Knox, John', 'Owen, John']}

如果你想要兩個串列：

import re 

a,b=[],[]
with open(fn) as f:
    for k,v in re.findall(r'(^.*):([\s\S]*?)(?=^$|\Z)', f.read(), flags=re.M):
        a.append(k)
        b.append(v.strip().splitlines())

>>> a
['ACC210', 'CS121P', 'CS132S']
>>> b
[['Luther, Martin', 'Spurgeon, Charles'], ['Bunyan, John', 'Henry, Matthew', 'Luther, Martin'], ['Calvin, John', 'Knox, John', 'Owen, John']]

您也可以在沒有正則運算式的情況下執行此操作：

a,b=[],[]
with open(fn) as f:
    for k, sl in ((sl[0], sl[1:]) 
        for sl in (e.splitlines() 
            for e in f.read().rstrip().split('\n\n'))):
        a.append(k.rstrip(':'))
        b.append(sl)

# same a,b

同樣的方法你可以直接創建一個字典：

with open(fn) as f:
    di={sl[0]:sl[1:] for sl in (e.splitlines() 
            for e in f.read().rstrip().split('\n\n'))}

>>> di
{'ACC210:': ['Luther, Martin', 'Spurgeon, Charles'], 'CS121P:': ['Bunyan, John', 'Henry, Matthew', 'Luther, Martin'], 'CS132S:': ['Calvin, John', 'Knox, John', 'Owen, John']}

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標籤：Python 列表文件字典

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