所以，我正在學習 ruby??，我已經被這個問題困擾了很長時間，我需要一些幫助。
我需要從兩個不同的 CSV 檔案寫入一個 CSV 檔案，我有代碼可以做到這一點，但是在 2 個不同的函式中，我需要將這兩個檔案合二為一。
所以這就是代碼：
require 'CSV'
class Plantas <
Struct.new( :code)
end
class Especies <
Struct.new(:id, :type, :code, :name_es, :name_ca, :name_en, :latin_name, :customer_id )
end
def ecode
f_inECODE = File.open("pflname.csv", "r") #get EPPOCODE
f_out=CSV.open("plantas.csv", "w ", :headers => true) #outputfile
f_inECODE.each_line do |line|
fields = line.split(',')
newPlant = Plantas.new
newPlant.code = fields[2].tr_s('"', '').strip #eppocode
plant = [newPlant.code] #linies a imprimir
f_out << plant
end
end
def data
f_dataspices=File.open("spices.csv", "r")
f_out=CSV.open("plantas.csv", "w ", :headers => true) #outputfile
f_dataspices.each_line do |line|
fields = line.split(',')
newEspecies = Especies.new
newEspecies.id = fields[0].tr_s('"', '').strip
newEspecies.type = fields[1].tr_s('"', '').strip
newEspecies.code = fields[2].tr_s('"', '').strip
newEspecies.name_es = fields[3].tr_s('"', '').strip
newEspecies.name_ca = fields[4].tr_s('"', '').strip
newEspecies.name_en = fields[5].tr_s('"', '').strip
newEspecies.latin_name = fields[6].tr_s('"', '').strip
newEspecies.customer_id = fields[7].tr_s('"', '').strip
especia = [newEspecies.id,newEspecies.type,newEspecies.code,newEspecies.name_es,newEspecies.name_ca,newEspecies.name_en,newEspecies.latin_name,newEspecies.customer_id]
f_out << especia
end
end
data
ecode
并且希望的輸出是這樣的：species.csv ecode.csv
"id","type","code","name_es","name_ca","name_en","latin_name","customer_id","ecode"
7205,"DunSpecies",NULL,"0","0","0","",11630,LEECO
7437,"DunSpecies",NULL,"0","Xicoira","0","",5273,LEE3O
7204,"DunSpecies",NULL,"0","0","0","",11630,L4ECO
而實際情況是這樣的：
"id","type","code","name_es","name_ca","name_en","latin_name","customer_id"
7205,"DunSpecies",NULL,"0","0","0","",11630
7437,"DunSpecies",NULL,"0","Xicoira","0","",5273
7204,"DunSpecies",NULL,"0","0","0","",11630
（沒有生態代碼）
一方面我有ecode，另一方面我只需要把整個資料放在一起。
我想將所有內容放在同一個檔案 (plantas.csv) 中，我在兩個不同的函式中做了，因為我不知道如何用一個 foreach 將所有內容放在一起我想將所有內容放在同一個函式中，但我不知道怎么做呢。如果有人能幫助我在一個函式中獲取所有這些代碼并將結果寫入同一個檔案中，我將不勝感激。
檔案 ecode.csv 的輸入示例（其中我只想要 ecode 欄位）是這樣的：
"""identifier"",""datatype"",""code"",""lang"",""langno"",""preferred"",""status"",""creation"",""modification"",""country"",""fullname"",""authority"",""shortname"""
"""N1952"",""PFL"",""LEECO"",""la"",""1"",""0"",""N"",""06/06/2000"",""09/03/2010"","""",""Leea coccinea non"",""Planchon"",""Leea coccinea non"""
"""N2974"",""PFL"",""LEECO"",""en"",""1"",""0"",""N"",""06/06/2000"",""21/02/2011"","""",""west Indian holly"","""",""West Indian holly"""
檔案 data.csv 的輸入示例（我想要所有欄位）是這樣的：
"id","type","code","name_es","name_ca","name_en","latin_name","customer_id"
7205,"DunSpecies",NULL,"0","0","0","",11630
7437,"DunSpecies",NULL,"0","Xicoira","0","",5273
鏈接這兩個檔案的方法是創建第三個檔案，我在其中寫入所有內容！至少這是我的想法，我不知道是否有更簡單的方法來做到這一點。
謝謝！
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
清理ecode.csv使它更具挑戰性，但這是我想出的：
如果data.csv和ecode.csv與行號匹配：
require 'csv'
data = CSV.read('data.csv', headers: true).to_a
headers = data.shift << 'eppocode'
double_quoted_ecode = CSV.read('ecode.csv')
ecodeIO = StringIO.new
ecodeIO.puts double_quoted_ecode.to_a
ecodeIO.rewind
ecode = CSV.parse(ecodeIO, headers: true)
CSV.open('plantas.csv', 'w ') do |plantas|
plantas << headers
data.each.with_index do |row, idx|
planta = row [ecode['code'][idx]]
plantas << planta
end
end
使用您的示例檔案，這將為您提供以下內容plantas.csv：
id,type,code,name_es,name_ca,name_en,latin_name,customer_id,eppocode
7205,DunSpecies,NULL,0,0,0,"",11630,LEECO
7437,DunSpecies,NULL,0,Xicoira,0,"",5273,LEECO
如果條目由data.csv'sid和ecode.csv's匹配identifier：
require 'csv'
data = CSV.read('data.csv', headers: true)
headers = data.headers << 'eppocode'
double_quoted_ecode = CSV.read('ecode.csv')
ecodeIO = StringIO.new
ecodeIO.puts double_quoted_ecode.to_a
ecodeIO.rewind
ecode = CSV.parse(ecodeIO, headers: true)
CSV.open('plantas.csv', 'w ') do |plantas|
plantas << headers
data.each do |row|
id = row['id']
ecode_row = ecode.find { |entry| entry['identifier'] == id } || {}
planta = row << ecode_row['code']
plantas << planta
end
end
我希望你覺得這有幫助。
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
資料
讓我們從創建兩個 CSV 檔案開始。為了讓結果更容易理解，我任意洗掉了每個檔案中的一些欄位，并更改了一個欄位值。
編碼.csv
ecode = '"""identifier"",""datatype"",""code"",""lang"",""langno"",""preferred"",""status"",""creation"",""modification"",""country"",""fullname"",""authority"",""shortname""" """N1952"",""PFL"",""LEECO"",""la"",""1"",""0"",""N"",""06/06/2000"",""09/03/2010"","""",""Leea coccinea non"",""Planchon"",""Leea coccinea non""" """N2974"",""PFL"",""LEEC1"",""en"",""1"",""0"",""N"",""06/06/2000"",""21/02/2011"","""",""west Indian holly"","""",""West Indian holly"""'
File.write('ecode.csv', ecode)
#=> 452
資料.csv
data = '"id","type","code","customer_id"\n7205,"DunSpecies",NULL,11630\n7437,"DunSpecies",NULL,,5273'
File.write('data.csv', data)
#=> 90
代碼
CSV.open('plantas.csv', 'w') do |csv_out|
converter = ->(s) { s.delete('"') }
epposcode = CSV.foreach('ecode.csv',
headers:true,
header_converters: [converter],
converters: [converter]
).map { |csv| csv["code"] }
headers = CSV.open('data.csv', &:readline) << 'epposcode'
csv_out << headers
CSV.foreach('data.csv', headers:true) do |row|
csv_out << (row << epposcode.shift)
end
end
#=> 90
結果
讓我們看看寫了什么。
puts File.read('plantas.csv')
id,type,code,customer_id,epposcode
7205,DunSpecies,NULL,11630,LEECO
7437,DunSpecies,NULL,,5273,LEEC1
解釋
我們想要的結構如下。
CSV.open('plantas.csv', 'w') do |csv_out|
epposcode = <array of 'code' field values from 'ecode.csv'>
headers = <headers from 'data.csv' to which 'epposcode' is appended>
csv_out << headers
CSV.foreach('data.csv', headers:true) do |row|
csv_out << <row of 'data.csv' to which an element of epposcode is appended>>
end
end
CSV::open是寫入檔案的主要 CSV 方法，而CSV::foreach通常是我讀取 CSV 檔案的首選方法。我可以改為寫以下內容。
csv_out = CSV.open('plantas.csv', 'w')
epposcode = <array of 'code' field values from 'ecode.csv'>
headers = <headers from 'data.csv' to which 'epposcode' is appended>
csv_out << headers
CSV.foreach('data.csv', headers:true) do |row|
csv_out << <row of 'data.csv' to which an element of epposcode is appended>>
end
csv_out.close
但是使用塊很方便，因為檔案在從塊回傳之前關閉。
對標題欄位和行欄位使用轉換器很方便：
converter = ->(s) { s.delete('"') }
這是一個從字串中洗掉雙引號的程序（我已經定義了一個 lambda）。它們被指定為 的兩個foreach可選引數：
epposcode = CSV.foreach('ecode.csv',
headers:true,
header_converters: [converter],
converters: [converter]
)
在CSV檔案中搜索“資料轉換器” 。
我們在foreach沒有塊的情況下呼叫以回傳一個列舉器，因此它可以鏈接到map：
epposcode = CSV.foreach('ecode.csv',
headers:true,
header_converters: [converter],
converters: [converter]
).map { |csv| csv["code"] }
例如，
epposcode
#=> ["LEECO", "LEEC1"]
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