聯盛德 HLK-W806 (一): Ubuntu20.04下的開發環境配置, 編譯和燒錄說明
聯盛德 HLK-W806 (二): Win10下的開發環境配置, 編譯和燒錄說明
聯盛德 HLK-W806 (三): 免按鍵自動下載和復位
聯盛德 HLK-W806 (四): 軟體SPI和硬體SPI驅動ST7735液晶LCD
聯盛德 HLK-W806 (五): W801開發板上手報告
聯盛德 HLK-W806 (六): I2C驅動SSD1306 128x64 OLED液晶屏
聯盛德 HLK-W806 (七): 兼容開發板 LuatOS Air103
聯盛德 HLK-W806 (八): 4線SPI驅動SSD1306/SSD1315 128x64 OLED液晶屏
聯盛德 HLK-W806 (九): 軟體SPI和硬體SPI驅動ST7789V液晶LCD
聯盛德 HLK-W806 (十): 在 CDK IDE開發環境中使用WM-SDK-W806
聯盛德 HLK-W806 (十一): 軟體SPI和硬體SPI驅動ST7567液晶LCD

ST7567介紹

ST7567是128x64解析度單色LCD液晶顯示屏常用的芯片方案. ST7567是點陣LCD驅動集成電路, 可以使用8位并口或4線SPI串口(SPI-4)直接連接外部微控制器. 從MPU傳輸的資料存盤在內部65x132 bits的顯示資料記憶體(DDRAM). 在 DDRAM 中存盤的資料與LCD點陣直接關聯. ST7567 包含 132 段輸出, 64 位輸出和 1 個公共圖示輸出, 輸出不需要外部時鐘驅動.

特性

單片驅動 Single-chip LCD Controller & Driver, 片內顯示記憶體 On-chip Display Data RAM (DDRAM)

容量Capacity: 65x132=8580 bits
直接顯示模式 Directly display RAM pattern from DDRAM

可選的顯示占空比 Selectable Display Duty (by SEL2 & SEL1)

1/65 duty : 65 common x 132 segment
1/55 duty : 55 common x 132 segment
1/49 duty : 49 common x 132 segment
1/33 duty : 33 common x 132 segment

微控制器介面 Microprocessor Interface

雙向8位并口Bidirectional 8-bit parallel interface supports: 8080-series and 6800-series MPU
SPI-4串口(只寫) Serial interface (SPI-4) is also supported (write only)

附加功能 Abundant Functions

顯示開關 Display ON/OFF,
正顯/反顯 Normal/Reverse Display Mode,
設定顯示開始位置 Set Display Start Line,
讀取IC狀態 Read IC Status,
顯示全部點陣 Set all Display Points ON,
設定LCD基準 Set LCD Bias,
電量控制 Electronic Volume Control,
寫入后保持起點 Read-modify-Write,
段驅動方向設定 Select Segment Driver Direction,
節電模式 Power Saving Mode,
位驅動方向設定 Select Common Driver Direction,
電壓調節電阻比值設定 Select Voltage Regulator Resistor Ratio (for V0).

外部硬體復位腳 External Hardware Reset Pin (RSTB)

內建振蕩信號源 Built-in Oscillation Circuit

無需外部振蕩源 No external component required

低功耗模擬電路 Low Power Consumption Analog Circuit

Voltage Booster (4X, 5X)
High-accuracy Voltage Regulator for LCD Vop: (Thermal Gradient: -0.05%/°C)
Voltage Follower for LCD Bias Voltage

Wide Operation Voltage Range

VDD1-VSS1=1.8V~3.3V
VDD2-VSS2=2.4V~3.3V
VDD3-VSS3=2.4V~3.3V

溫度范圍 Temperature Range: -30~85°C
封裝型別 Package Type: COG

指令表

命令模式和資料模式的切換

A0低: 命令模式
A0高: 資料模式

指令串列

Display ON/OFF
AF:ON, AE:OFF
Set Start Line
0 0 0 1 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 Set display start line
Set Page Address
0 0 1 0 1 1 Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0 Set page address
Set Column Address
0 0 0 0 0 1 X7 X6 X5 X4 Set column address (MSB)
0 0 0 0 0 0 X3 X2 X1 X0 Set column address (LSB)
Read Status: Read IC Status
0 1 0 MX D RST 0 0 0 0
Write Data: Write display data to RAM
1 0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Read Data: Read display data from RAM
1 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
SEG Direction: Set scan direction of SEG
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 MX
MX=1, reverse direction
MX=0, normal direction
Inverse Display: INV =1, inverse display, INV =0, normal display
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 INV
All Pixel ON: AP=1, set all pixel ON, AP=0, normal display
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 AP
Bias Select: Select bias setting, 0=1/9; 1=1/7 (at 1/65 duty)
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 BS
Read-modify-Write: Column address increment: Read:+0 , Write:+1
0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
END: Exit Read-modify-Write mode
0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
RESET: Software reset
0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
COM Direction: Set output direction of COM, MY=1, reverse direction, MY=0, normal direction
0 0 1 1 0 0 MY - - -
Power Control, Control built-in power circuit ON/OFF
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 VB VR VF
Regulation Ratio: Select regulation resistor ratio
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 RR2 RR1 RR0
Set EV: Double command, Set EV0 electronic volume (EV) level
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 EV5 EV4 EV3 EV2 EV1 EV0
Set Booster: Double command, Set booster level: BL=0: 4X, BL=1: 5X
0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BL
Power Save: Display OFF + All Pixel ON
0 0 + Compound Command
NOP: No operation
0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
Test: Do NOT use. Reserved for testing.
0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -

ST7567 128x64 LCD 模塊

模塊規格圖

PIN腳定義

NC
NC
LED_A 背光正極, 加1~5K電阻后接VCC, 或連接GPIO以便程式控制背光
LED_K 背光負極, 接地
GND 接地
CSB 片選, CS
RESET 復位腳, 接GPIO
AO 命令/資料切換
SCLK SPI時鐘
SDA SPI MOSI
VDD 接VCC
VSS 邏輯地, 接地
VO: V0 is the LCD driving voltage for common circuits at negative frame.
XVO: XV0 is the LCD driving voltage for common circuits at positive frame.
VG: VG is the LCD driving voltage for segment circuits.
GND 接地
NC
NC

接線

完整需要10根接線, 其中LED_A可以加電阻后直接接3.3V, RESET可以懸空, 這樣只需要接8根線.

3. LED_A 加1~5K電阻 -> PB16
4. LED_K           -> GND
5. GND             -> GND
6. CSB             -> PB14
7. RESET           -> PB10
8. AO              -> PB11
9. SCLK            -> PB15
10. SDA            -> PB17
11. VDD            -> 3.3V
12. VSS            -> GND

演示代碼的使用

SPI驅動部分與SSD1306相同, 指令很少, 只有22個, 與SSD1306相比, 增加了背光控制, 增加了硬體復位.

本示例使用的代碼

GitHub: wm-sdk-w806/tree/main/demo/spi/st7567_lcd
Gitee: wm-sdk-w806/tree/main/demo/spi/st7567_lcd

指令定義

/* ST7567 commands definitions */
#define ST7567_DISPLAY_OFF                   0xAE /* 0xae: Display OFF (sleep mode) */
#define ST7567_DISPLAY_ON                    0xAF /* 0xaf: Display ON in normal mode */

#define ST7567_SET_START_LINE                0x40 /* 0x40-7f: Set display start line */
#define  ST7567_SET_START_LINE_MASK          0x3f

#define ST7567_SET_PAGE_ADDRESS              0xB0 /* 0xb0-b7: Set page start address */
#define  ST7567_SET_PAGE_ADDRESS_MASK        0x07

#define ST7567_SET_COLUMN_ADDRESS_MSB        0x10 /* 0x10-0x1f: Set higher column address */
#define ST7567_SET_COLUMN_ADDRESS_MSB_MASK   0x0f

#define ST7567_SET_COLUMN_ADDRESS_LSB        0x00 /* 0x00-0x0f: Set lower column address */
#define  ST7567_SET_COLUMN_ADDRESS_LSB_MASK  0x0F

/**
 * SEG: 0 - 131
*/
#define ST7567_SEG_DIRECTION_NORMAL          0xA0 /* 0xa0: Column address 0 is mapped to SEG0 */
#define ST7567_SEG_DIRECTION_REVERSE         0xA1 /* 0xa1: Column address 128 is mapped to SEG0 */

/**
 * COM: 0 - 63
*/
#define ST7567_COM_DIRECTION_NORMAL          0xC0 /* 0xc0: Set COM output direction, normal mode */
#define ST7567_COM_DIRECTION_REVERSE         0xC8 /* 0xc8: Set COM output direction, reverse mode */

#define ST7567_INVERSE_DISPLAY_OFF           0xA6 /* 0xa6: Normal display */
#define ST7567_INVERSE_DISPLAY_ON            0xA7 /* 0xa7: Inverse display */

#define ST7567_ALL_PIXEL_ON                  0xA5 /* 0xa5: Entire display ON */
#define ST7567_ALL_PIXEL_NORMAL              0xA4 /* 0xa4: Resume to RAM content display */

#define ST7567_BIAS_1_9                      0xA2 /* 0xa2: Select BIAS setting 1/9 */
#define ST7567_BIAS_1_7                      0xA3 /* 0xa3: Select BIAS setting 1/7 */

#define ST7567_READ_MODIFY_WRITE_START       0xE0 /* 0xe0: Enter the Read Modify Write mode */
#define ST7567_READ_MODIFY_WRITE_END         0xEE /* 0xee: Leave the Read Modify Write mode */
#define ST7567_RESET                         0xE2 /* 0xe2: Software RESET */

/**
 * This instruction controls the built-in power circuits. 
 * Typically, these 3 flags are turned ON at the same time.
*/
#define ST7567_POWER_CONTROL                 0x28
#define ST7567_POWER_CONTROL_VF              0x01
#define ST7567_POWER_CONTROL_VR              0x02
#define ST7567_POWER_CONTROL_VB              0x04

/**
 * The operation voltage (V0) calculation formula is shown below: 
 * (RR comes from Regulation Ratio, EV comes from EV[5:0])
 * V0 = RR X [ 1 – (63 – EV) / 162 ] X 2.1, or 
 * V0 = RR X [ ( 99 + EV ) / 162 ] X 2.1
*/
#define ST7567_REGULATION_RATIO              0x20
#define ST7567_REGULATION_RATIO_3_0          0x00
#define ST7567_REGULATION_RATIO_3_5          0x01
#define ST7567_REGULATION_RATIO_4_0          0x02
#define ST7567_REGULATION_RATIO_4_5          0x03
#define ST7567_REGULATION_RATIO_5_0          0x04 /* Default */
#define ST7567_REGULATION_RATIO_5_5          0x05
#define ST7567_REGULATION_RATIO_6_0          0x06
#define ST7567_REGULATION_RATIO_6_5          0x07

/**
 * This is double byte instruction. The first byte set ST7567 into EV 
 * adjust mode and the following instruction will change the EV setting. 
 * That means these 2 bytes must be used together. They control the electronic 
 * volume to adjust a suitable V0 voltage for the LCD.
*/
#define ST7567_SET_EV                        0x81
#define ST7567_SET_EV_MASK                   0x3F

#define ST7567_SET_BOOSTER                   0xF8 /* Set booster level */
#define ST7567_SET_BOOSTER_4X                0x00
#define ST7567_SET_BOOSTER_5X                0x01

#define ST7567_NOP                           0xE3
#define ST7567_TEST                          0xFE

顯示記憶體和偏移量

ST7567的顯示與記憶體并非一一對應, 每一行為132byte, 這額外的4個byte并不會顯示在螢屏上, 但是會占位.

/**
 * In datasheet, it says "the column address is increased (+1) after each display 
 * data access (read/write). This allows MPU accessing DDRAM content continuously. 
 * This feature stops at the end of each page (Column Address “83h”) because the 
 * Column Address and Page Address circuits are independent. For example, both Page 
 * Address and Column Address should be assigned for changing the DDRAM pointer 
 * from (Page-0, Column-83h) to (Page-1, Column-0)."
 * In actual test the Page Address will grow automatically.
*/
/* ST7567 data buffer */
static uint8_t ST7567_Buffer_all[(ST7567_WIDTH + ST7567_SEG_EXPAND) * ST7567_HEIGHT / 8];

在行方向翻轉后, 需要在代碼中考慮這4個byte的偏移量, 否則顯示會不完整.

#if ST7567_X_ORIENT == ST7567_SEG_DIRECTION_REVERSE
    #define ST7567_X_OFFSET  ST7567_SEG_EXPAND
#else
    #define ST7567_X_OFFSET  0
#endif

// 基礎方法: 在指定的位置繪制點
void ST7567_DrawPixel(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint8_t color)
{
    if (x >= ST7567_WIDTH || y >= ST7567_HEIGHT)
    {
        /* Error */
        return;
    }

    if (color == ST7567_COLOR_FRONT)
    {
        ST7567_Buffer_all[ST7567_X_OFFSET + x + (y / 8) * (ST7567_WIDTH + ST7567_SEG_EXPAND)] |= 1 << (y % 8);
    }
    else
    {
        ST7567_Buffer_all[ST7567_X_OFFSET + x + (y / 8) * (ST7567_WIDTH + ST7567_SEG_EXPAND)] &= ~(1 << (y % 8));
    }
}

設定項

在 st7567.h 中, 對以下宏定義進行設定. 如果只是運行demo, 建議先用默認配置跑通. 如果對pin腳進行了修改, 對應的也要調整連線.

// 設定是否使用硬體SPI
#define ST7567_HARDWARE_SPI     1

// 設定PIN腳
// CS: B4, B14
#define ST7567_CS_PORT      GPIOB
#define ST7567_CS_PIN       GPIO_PIN_14
// SCK: B1, B2, B15, B24
#define ST7567_SCK_PORT     GPIOB
#define ST7567_SCK_PIN      GPIO_PIN_15
// MOSI: B5, B17, B26, PA7
#define ST7567_MOSI_PORT    GPIOB
#define ST7567_MOSI_PIN     GPIO_PIN_17
// MISO: B0, B3, B16, B25

#define ST7567_RES_PORT     GPIOB
#define ST7567_RES_PIN      GPIO_PIN_10
#define ST7567_DC_PORT      GPIOB
#define ST7567_DC_PIN       GPIO_PIN_11
#define ST7567_BL_PORT      GPIOB
#define ST7567_BL_PIN       GPIO_PIN_16

// 設定螢屏的寬
// X width
#define ST7567_WIDTH  128
// 設定螢屏的高
// Y height
#define ST7567_HEIGHT 64
// 設定每行的附加位元組數, 默認為4
// Additional bytes in each row
#define ST7567_SEG_EXPAND 4
// 行方向
// X orientation
#define ST7567_X_ORIENT ST7567_SEG_DIRECTION_REVERSE
// 列方向
// Y orientation
#define ST7567_Y_ORIENT ST7567_COM_DIRECTION_NORMAL

st7567.c 中的LCD初始化方法, 這里的引數如果不適合你的LCD, 需要根據手冊調整.

有幾處修改后容易導致不顯示的選項, 需要謹慎修改

ST7567_POWER_CONTROL 這個是升壓設定, 當前這塊螢屏, 只有三個位都置1時, 螢屏才有顯示, 其它選項都不行
ST7567_SET_EV 這個是對比度電壓設定, 范圍為0 - 0x3F, 太低(< 0x10)會顯示全空白, 太高(> 0x32)會顯示為全黑
ST7567_ALL_PIXEL_NORMAL 如果設定為 ST7567_ALL_PIXEL_ON 可能并非全黑, 而是全空白. 未跑通時建議用NORMAL
ST7567_SET_PAGE_ADDRESS 和 ST7567_SET_COLUMN_ADDRESS_MSB, ST7567_SET_COLUMN_ADDRESS_LSB 用于設定顯示的開始行和列位置, 需要初始化到原點.

void ST7567_Init(void)
{
    ST7567_Reset();
    ST7567_BackLight_On();

    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_RESET);
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_POWER_CONTROL
        |ST7567_POWER_CONTROL_VB
        |ST7567_POWER_CONTROL_VR
        |ST7567_POWER_CONTROL_VF); 
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_SET_EV);
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_SET_EV_MASK & 0x20);
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_BIAS_1_9);
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_X_ORIENT);
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_Y_ORIENT);
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_REGULATION_RATIO | ST7567_REGULATION_RATIO_5_0);
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_INVERSE_DISPLAY_OFF);
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_DISPLAY_ON);
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_ALL_PIXEL_NORMAL);

    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_SET_START_LINE | (0x00 & ST7567_SET_START_LINE_MASK));
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_SET_PAGE_ADDRESS | (0x00 & ST7567_SET_PAGE_ADDRESS_MASK));
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_SET_COLUMN_ADDRESS_MSB);
    ST7567_WriteCommand(ST7567_SET_COLUMN_ADDRESS_LSB);
}

圖形繪制

圖形繪制的方法與SSD1306一致, 可以繪制點, 線, 圈, 文字, 反顯, 調節對比度, 開關背光

int main(void)
{
    //...
    
    // 繪制直線
    ST7567_DrawLine(0,   0, 127,  0, 1);
    ST7567_DrawLine(0,   0,   0, 63, 1);
    ST7567_DrawLine(127, 0, 127, 63, 1);
    ST7567_DrawLine(0,  63, 127, 63, 1);

    // 繪制文字
    ST7567_Puts("LCD:ST7567", &Font_6x12, 1);
    
    // 繪制后, 需要使用這個方法重繪LCD顯示
    ST7567_UpdateScreen();

    // 設定對比度
    while (y1 <= 0x30)
    {
        ST7567_SetContrast(y1++);
        HAL_Delay(100);
    }
    
    // 反顯
    ST7567_ToggleInvert();
    ST7567_UpdateScreen();
    
    // 繪制圓
    ST7567_DrawCircle(64, 32, 25, 0);
    ST7567_UpdateScreen();

    //...
}