(Python)tkinter圖形（帶顏色條）在使用滑塊時重疊

from tkinter import *
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import cm
import numpy as np
import ipywidgets as wg
import os
import pandas as pd
from matplotlib.ticker import MaxNLocator
from matplotlib.colors import BoundaryNorm
import math
from matplotlib.ticker import LinearLocator
%matplotlib widget
from matplotlib.widgets import Slider
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')

root = Tk()
root.title('TEST')
root.geometry("800x800")

def plot_noise():
    rec = np.shape(dfs[0])
    rmm = np.concatenate([dfs[0], dfs[1]])
    for jj in range(2,num):
        rmm = np.concatenate([rmm, dfs[jj]])
    # =================================================PLOT===========================================
    fig = plt.Figure()                       
    canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, root)     
    canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=3, rowspan=3, sticky=W E N S, padx=0, pady=0) 
    
    # ===============================================contourf=========================================
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111)                 
    fig.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.25)          
    X = np.arange(1,rec[1] 1,1)
    Y = np.arange(1,rec[0] 1,1)
    x , y = np.meshgrid(X,Y)  
    # ==============================================color bar=========================================
    cbar_max = math.floor(np.min(rmm))
    cbar_min = math.ceil(np.max(rmm))
    cbar_num_colors = 200
    cbar_num_format = "%d"
    levels = MaxNLocator(nbins=cbar_num_colors).tick_values(cbar_min, cbar_max)
    # ============================================Initial plot======================================== 
    con = ax.contourf(x,y,dfs[1], levels = levels, cmap=cm.jet, alpha = 0.5, antialiased = True)   
    cbar = fig.colorbar(con,ax = ax)
    ax.axis([1, 12, 1, 6])
    # ================================================Slider==========================================
    global slider_de
    slider_bar = fig.add_axes([0.12, 0.1, 0.78, 0.03])     
    slider_de = Slider(slider_bar, 's_bar', 0, num-1, valinit=1,valfmt='%0.0f',  valstep=1)
    num_on_slider = []
    def update(val):
        num_on_slider.append(slider_de.val)
        for ii in range(0,num):
            if num_on_slider[-1] == ii:
                con = ax.contourf(x,y,dfs[ii], levels = levels, cmap=cm.jet, alpha = 0.5, antialiased = True)
                cbar = fig.colorbar(con,ax = ax)
                ax.axis([1, 12, 1, 6])
                
    slider_de.on_changed(update)            
                
    
# =================================================GUI - Tkinter======================================= 
resultButton = ttk.Button(root, text = 'show', command = plot_noise)
resultButton.grid(column=0, row=1, pady=15, sticky=W)

root.mainloop()

運行它時，我得到了

現在，如果我使用fig.clf，例如

fig.clf()
con = ax.contourf(x,y,dfs[ii], levels = levels, cmap=cm.jet, alpha = 0.5, antialiased = True)
cbar = fig.colorbar(con,ax = ax)

我有

輪廓消失了。我也試過from matplotlib.figure import Figure代替 pyplot；但是，它不起作用。

如何解決這個奇怪的問題？

請大家給點建議，謝謝！

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

這是我剛剛根據@Kat 的提示得出的一個答案

from tkinter import *
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import cm
import numpy as np
import ipywidgets as wg
import os
import pandas as pd
from matplotlib.ticker import MaxNLocator
from matplotlib.colors import BoundaryNorm
import math
from matplotlib.ticker import LinearLocator
%matplotlib widget
from matplotlib.widgets import Slider
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')

root = Tk()
root.title('TEST')
root.geometry("800x800")

cbar = None
def plot_noise():
    # ============================================Read .xlsx file=====================================
    folder = r'C:\Users\Dian-Jing Chen\Desktop\Work\test_read'
    files = os.listdir(folder)
    dfs = {}
    for i, file in enumerate(files):
        if file.endswith('.xlsx'):
            dfs[i] = pd.read_excel(os.path.join(folder,file), sheet_name='Z=143', header = None, skiprows=[0], usecols = "B:M")

    num = i   1
    rec = np.shape(dfs[0])
    rmm = np.concatenate([dfs[0], dfs[1]])
    for jj in range(2,num):
        rmm = np.concatenate([rmm, dfs[jj]])
    # =================================================PLOT===========================================
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()                       
    canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, root)     
    canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=3, rowspan=3, sticky=W E N S, padx=0, pady=0) 
    # ===============================================contourf=========================================          
    fig.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.25)          
    X = np.arange(1,rec[1] 1,1)
    Y = np.arange(1,rec[0] 1,1)
    x , y = np.meshgrid(X,Y)  
    # ==============================================color bar=========================================
    cbar_max = math.floor(np.min(rmm))
    cbar_min = math.ceil(np.max(rmm))
    cbar_num_colors = 200
    cbar_num_format = "%d"
    levels = MaxNLocator(nbins=cbar_num_colors).tick_values(cbar_min, cbar_max)
    # ============================================Initial plot======================================== 
    con = ax.contourf(x,y,dfs[1], levels = levels, cmap=cm.jet, alpha = 0.5, antialiased = True)  
    cbar = fig.colorbar(con,ax = ax)
    ax.axis([1, 12, 1, 6])
    # ================================================Slider==========================================
    slider_bar = fig.add_axes([0.12, 0.1, 0.78, 0.03])     
    slider_de = Slider(slider_bar, 's_bar', 0, num-1, valinit=1,valfmt='%0.0f',  valstep=1)
    num_on_slider = []
    def update(val):
        num_on_slider.append(slider_de.val)
        for ii in range(0,num):
            if num_on_slider[-1] == ii:
                con = ax.contourf(x,y,dfs[ii], levels = levels, cmap=cm.jet, alpha = 0.5, antialiased = True)
                ax.axis([1, 12, 1, 6])
                
    slider_de.on_changed(update)            
                
    
# =================================================GUI - Tkinter======================================= 
resultButton = ttk.Button(root, text = 'show', command = plot_noise)
resultButton.grid(column=0, row=1, pady=15, sticky=W)

root.mainloop()

我洗掉了update()函式中的 cbar，因為顏色條總是固定的。

所以我現在正在尋找另一種高級方法（因為我無法洗掉這個問題，因為賞金），這也是我了解更多資訊的機會。例如， usingclass是一種非常高級的方法。

最佳答案將給予50分。

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

將代碼重構為一個類并添加了選擇檔案夾的功能。其他想法在評論中。

#Do not use wild imports
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import cm
import numpy as np
import ipywidgets as wg
import os
import pandas as pd
from matplotlib.ticker import MaxNLocator
from matplotlib.colors import BoundaryNorm
import math
from matplotlib.ticker import LinearLocator
from matplotlib.widgets import Slider
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')


class MyPlot(ttk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        super().__init__()

        #put widgets in frame(self)
        resultButton = ttk.Button(self, text = 'Select Folder', command = self.select_dir)
        resultButton.grid(column=0, row=1, pady=15, sticky=tk.W)

        # show frame in root
        self.grid(column=0, row=0)

    def select_dir(self):
        selected_dir = tk.filedialog.askdirectory(parent=self, title='Select a directory')
        # print(selected_dir)
        if selected_dir:
            self.plot_noise(selected_dir)
        else:
            tk.messagebox.showerror('Select', 'Select a directory', parent=self)

    def plot_noise(self, folder):
        # ============================================Read .xlsx file=====================================
        files = os.listdir(folder)
        dfs = {}
        # Prepare for scenarios where files(other than the expected .xlsx) are in the folder passed
        # when that is the case the enumerated i previously being used to create dict keys will get all messed up
        index = 0
        for file in files:
            if file.endswith('.xlsx'):
                dfs[index] = pd.read_excel(os.path.join(folder,file), sheet_name='Z=143', header = None, skiprows=[0], usecols = "B:M")
                index  = 1

        if dfs:
            num = len(dfs)
            rec = np.shape(dfs[0])
            rmm = np.concatenate([dfs[0], dfs[1]])
            for jj in range(2,num):
                rmm = np.concatenate([rmm, dfs[jj]])
            # =================================================PLOT===========================================
            fig, ax = plt.subplots()                
            canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, self)     
            canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=3, rowspan=3, sticky=tk.W tk.E tk.N tk.S, padx=0, pady=0) 
            # ===============================================contourf=========================================          
            fig.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.25)          
            X = np.arange(1,rec[1] 1,1)
            Y = np.arange(1,rec[0] 1,1)
            x , y = np.meshgrid(X,Y)  
            # ==============================================color bar=========================================
            cbar_max = math.floor(np.min(rmm))
            cbar_min = math.ceil(np.max(rmm))
            cbar_num_colors = 200
            cbar_num_format = "%d"
            levels = MaxNLocator(nbins=cbar_num_colors).tick_values(cbar_min, cbar_max)
            # ============================================Initial plot======================================== 
            con = ax.contourf(x,y,dfs[1], levels = levels, cmap=cm.jet, alpha = 0.5, antialiased = True)  
            cbar = fig.colorbar(con,ax = ax)
            ax.axis([1, 12, 1, 6])
            # ================================================Slider==========================================
            slider_bar = fig.add_axes([0.12, 0.1, 0.78, 0.03])     
            slider_de = Slider(slider_bar, 's_bar', 0, num-1, valinit=1,valfmt='%0.0f',  valstep=1)
            num_on_slider = []

            def update(val):
                num_on_slider.append(slider_de.val)
                for ii in range(0,num):
                    if num_on_slider[-1] == ii:
                        con = ax.contourf(x,y,dfs[ii], levels = levels, cmap=cm.jet, alpha = 0.5, antialiased = True)
                        ax.axis([1, 12, 1, 6])
                        
            slider_de.on_changed(update)

        else:
            tk.messagebox.showerror('No File', 'No .xlsx file found')            
                
    
# =================================================GUI - Tkinter======================================= 
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('TEST')
root.geometry("800x800")
MyPlot(root)
root.mainloop()

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