Ruby按日期名稱排序哈希以計算空閑時間段-有解無憂

前端向我發送了一個字串，它在其中獲取用戶的會議安排，如下所示：

> payload
=> "Sun 10:00-20:00\nFri 05:00-10:00\nFri 16:30-23:50\nSat 10:00-24:00\nSun 01:00-04:00\nSat 02:00-06:00\nTue 03:30-18:15\nTue 19:00-20:00\nWed 04:25-15:14\nWed 15:14-22:40\nThu 00:00-23:59\nMon 05:00-13:00\nMon 15:00-21:00"

每行都是一個子字串，代表日程中的一次會議。一個字串代表一整周。我必須計算會議之間的空閑時間（以分鐘為單位）并將此資訊發送到前端。

我認為要做到這一點，我需要將字串更改為如下所示的哈希：

# first split payload
> splitted_dates = payload.split("\n").map { |date| date.split }
=> [["Sun", "10:00-20:00"], ["Fri", "05:00-10:00"], ["Fri", "16:30-23:50"], ["Sat", "10:00-24:00"], ["Sun", "01:00-04:00"], ["Sat", "02:00-06:00"], ["Tue", "03:30-18:15"], ["Tue", "19:00-20:00"], ["Wed", "04:25-15:14"], ["Wed", "15:14-22:40"], ["Thu", "00:00-23:59"], ["Mon", "05:00-13:00"], ["Mon", "15:00-21:00"]]

# then create a hash with structure { day:, time: }
> schedule_hash = splitted_dates.map { |d| { day: d[0], time: d[1] } }
=> [{:day=>"Sun", :time=>"10:00-20:00"},
 {:day=>"Fri", :time=>"05:00-10:00"},
 {:day=>"Fri", :time=>"16:30-23:50"},
 {:day=>"Sat", :time=>"10:00-24:00"},
 {:day=>"Sun", :time=>"01:00-04:00"},
 {:day=>"Sat", :time=>"02:00-06:00"},
 {:day=>"Tue", :time=>"03:30-18:15"},
 {:day=>"Tue", :time=>"19:00-20:00"},
 {:day=>"Wed", :time=>"04:25-15:14"},
 {:day=>"Wed", :time=>"15:14-22:40"},
 {:day=>"Thu", :time=>"00:00-23:59"},
 {:day=>"Mon", :time=>"05:00-13:00"},
 {:day=>"Mon", :time=>"15:00-21:00"}]

要計算空閑插槽，我首先必須schedule_hash按日期和時間排序。如果兩者都只是一個字串怎么辦？

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

您可以按如下方式進行。

schedule_hash =[
  {:day=>"Sun", :time=>"10:00-20:00"},
  {:day=>"Fri", :time=>"05:00-10:00"},
  {:day=>"Fri", :time=>"16:30-23:50"},
  {:day=>"Sat", :time=>"10:00-24:00"},
  {:day=>"Sun", :time=>"01:00-04:00"},
  {:day=>"Sat", :time=>"02:00-06:00"},
  {:day=>"Tue", :time=>"03:30-18:15"},
  {:day=>"Tue", :time=>"19:00-20:00"},
  {:day=>"Wed", :time=>"04:25-15:14"},
  {:day=>"Wed", :time=>"15:14-22:40"},
  {:day=>"Thu", :time=>"00:00-23:59"},
  {:day=>"Mon", :time=>"05:00-13:00"},
  {:day=>"Mon", :time=>"15:00-21:00"}
]

day_order = { "Sun"=>0, "Mon"=>1, "Tue"=>2, "Wed"=>3,  "Thu"=>4, "Fri"=>5, "Sat"=>6 }

schedule_hash.sort_by { |h| [day_order[h[:day]], h[:time][0,5]] }
  #=> [{:day=>"Sun", :time=>"01:00-04:00"},
  #    {:day=>"Sun", :time=>"10:00-20:00"},
  #    {:day=>"Mon", :time=>"05:00-13:00"},
  #    {:day=>"Mon", :time=>"15:00-21:00"},
  #    {:day=>"Tue", :time=>"03:30-18:15"},
  #    {:day=>"Tue", :time=>"19:00-20:00"},
  #    {:day=>"Wed", :time=>"04:25-15:14"},
  #    {:day=>"Wed", :time=>"15:14-22:40"},
  #    {:day=>"Thu", :time=>"00:00-23:59"},
  #    {:day=>"Fri", :time=>"05:00-10:00"},
  #    {:day=>"Fri", :time=>"16:30-23:50"},
  #    {:day=>"Sat", :time=>"02:00-06:00"},
  #    {:day=>"Sat", :time=>"10:00-24:00"}]

Enumerable#sort_by使用方法Array#<=>（“宇宙飛船運算子”）對陣列進行排序。尤其參見檔案的第三段<=>。

請注意，對的元素schedule_hash進行排序的陣列如下所示。

schedule_hash.map { |h| [day_order[h[:day]], h[:time][0,5]] }
  #=> [[0, "10:00"], [5, "05:00"], [5, "16:30"], [6, "10:00"],
  #    [0, "01:00"], [6, "02:00"], [2, "03:30"], [2, "19:00"],
  #    [3, "04:25"], [3, "15:14"], [4, "00:00"], [1, "05:00"],
  #    [1, "15:00"]]

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

Ruby 類 Date 已經有一個帶有Date::ABBR_DAYNAMES. 您可以使用它（尤其是在已經包含它的 Rails 中 - 也許不要僅出于此目的添加它），但請注意“Sun”是第一位的，因此如果您的目標受眾在星期一開始他們的一周，就像大多數國家/地區一樣世界呢，你可以呼叫rotate得到的陣列。

我也可能將每個約會的開始時間和結束時間分開，以便以后更容易對它們執行計算：

require 'date'
daynames = Date::ABBR_DAYNAMES
  => ["Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"]

# Turn splitted_dates to a hash with day, start time and end time of appointment
schedule_hash = splitted_dates.map do |(day, time)|
  { day: day, start_time: time[0..4], end_time: time[-5..-1] }
end

# Sort the hash by the index of the day name within "daynames", and then by start_time
sorted = schedule_hash.sort_by { |h| [daynames.index(h[:day]), h[:start_time]] }

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