Python內置對SMTP的支持，可以發送純文本郵件、HTML郵件以及帶附件的郵件，
Python對SMTP支持有smtplib和email兩個模塊，email負責構造郵件，smtplib負責發送郵件，
發送純文本內容
?? 代碼如下：
# 引入相應的模塊
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
class SendMail(object):
def __init__(self):
self.fromUser = "[email protected]"
self.userPasswd = "xxxxxx" # 此處是qq郵箱授權碼， 不是登錄密碼
self.smtpAddr = "smtp.qq.com"
# 構造郵件結構
# toAddrs 收件人可以是多個,["[email protected]","[email protected]"]， subject 郵件的主題， msg 郵件的內容
def mailStructure(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
# 郵件物件:
mailMsg = MIMEMultipart()
mailMsg['Subject'] = ("Hello <%s>" % subject)
mailMsg['From'] = ("Python管理員 <%s>" % self.fromUser)
mailMsg['To'] = ','.join(toAddrs)
# 郵件正文是MIMEText ：
mailMsg.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'html', 'utf-8'))
return mailMsg.as_string()
# 發送郵件
def sendMail(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
mailMsg_as_string = self.mailStructure(toAddrs, subject, msg)
# 連接服務器發送郵件
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.smtpAddr, 465)
server.connect(self.smtpAddr) # 連接smtp服務器
server.login(self.fromUser, self.userPasswd) # 登錄郵箱
server.sendmail(self.fromUser, toAddrs, mailMsg_as_string) # 發送郵件
server.quit()
except Exception:
print("Error: unable to send email")
a = SendMail()
a.sendMail(["[email protected]", "[email protected]"], "測驗主題", "測驗內容")
- 效果圖
發送附件圖片
?? 代碼如下：
如果Email中要加上附件怎么辦？帶附件的郵件可以看做包含若干部分的郵件：文本和各個附件本身，所以，可以構造一個MIMEMultipart物件代表郵件本身，然后往里面加上一個MIMEText作為郵件正文，再繼續往里面加上表示附件的MIMEBase物件即可：
其實就是打開圖片并引入(加上這段內容)
with open(r"C:\Users\YJ\Desktop\favicon.png", "rb") as f:
# 設定附件的MIME和檔案名，這里是png型別:
mime = MIMEBase("image", "png", filename="test.png")
# 加上必要的頭資訊:
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.png')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
# 把附件的內容讀進來:
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64編碼:
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart:
mailMsg.attach(mime)
- 發送附件圖片 （完整代碼如下：）
# 引入相應的模塊
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
class SendMail(object):
def __init__(self):
self.fromUser = "[email protected]"
self.userPasswd = "xxxxxx" # 此處是qq郵箱授權碼， 不是登錄密碼
self.smtpAddr = "smtp.qq.com"
# 構造郵件結構
# toAddrs 收件人可以是多個,["[email protected]","[email protected]"]， subject 郵件的主題， msg 郵件的內容
def mailStructure(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
# 郵件物件:
mailMsg = MIMEMultipart()
mailMsg['Subject'] = ("Hello <%s>" % subject)
mailMsg['From'] = ("Python管理員 <%s>" % self.fromUser)
mailMsg['To'] = ','.join(toAddrs)
# 郵件正文是MIMEText ：
mailMsg.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'html', 'utf-8'))
# 發送圖片附件， 需要用到附件物件MIMEBase物件， 需要引入from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
# 添加附件就是加上一個MIMEBase，從本地讀取一個圖片:
with open(r"C:\Users\YJ\Desktop\favicon.png", "rb") as f:
# 設定附件的MIME和檔案名，這里是png型別:
mime = MIMEBase("image", "png", filename="test.png")
# 加上必要的頭資訊:
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.png')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
# 把附件的內容讀進來:
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64編碼:
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart:
mailMsg.attach(mime)
return mailMsg.as_string()
# 發送郵件
def sendMail(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
mailMsg_as_string = self.mailStructure(toAddrs, subject, msg)
# 連接服務器發送郵件
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.smtpAddr, 465)
server.connect(self.smtpAddr) # 連接smtp服務器
server.login(self.fromUser, self.userPasswd) # 登錄郵箱
server.sendmail(self.fromUser, toAddrs, mailMsg_as_string) # 發送郵件
server.quit()
except Exception:
print("Error: unable to send email")
a = SendMail()
a.sendMail(["[email protected]", "[email protected]"], "測驗主題", "測驗內容")
- 效果圖
如果要把一個圖片嵌入到郵件正文中怎么做？直接在HTML郵件中鏈接圖片地址行不行？答案是，大部分郵件服務商都會自動屏蔽帶有外鏈的圖片，因為不知道這些鏈接是否指向惡意網站，
要把圖片嵌入到郵件正文中，我們只需按照發送附件的方式，先把郵件作為附件添加進去，然后，在HTML中通過參考src="https://www.cnblogs.com/yanjieli/p/cid:0"就可以把附件作為圖片嵌入了，如果有多個圖片，給它們依次編號，然后參考不同的cid:x即可，
其實就是將MIMEText 格式改變一下
mailMsg.attach(MIMEText('<html><body><h1>%s</h1>' % (msg) + '<p><img src="https://www.cnblogs.com/yanjieli/p/cid:0"></p>' + '</body></html>', 'html','utf-8'))
- 將附件圖片包含在郵件內容中（完整代碼如下：）
# 引入相應的模塊
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
class SendMail(object):
def __init__(self):
self.fromUser = "[email protected]"
self.userPasswd = "xxxxxx" # 此處是qq郵箱授權碼， 不是登錄密碼
self.smtpAddr = "smtp.qq.com"
# 構造郵件結構
# toAddrs 收件人可以是多個,["[email protected]","[email protected]"]， subject 郵件的主題， msg 郵件的內容
def mailStructure(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
# 郵件物件:
mailMsg = MIMEMultipart()
mailMsg['Subject'] = ("Hello <%s>" % subject)
mailMsg['From'] = ("Python管理員 <%s>" % self.fromUser)
mailMsg['To'] = ','.join(toAddrs)
# 郵件正文是MIMEText ：
# 加載圖片并引入到郵件內容中來
mailMsg.attach(MIMEText('<html><body><h1>%s</h1>' % (msg) + '<p><img src="https://www.cnblogs.com/yanjieli/p/cid:0"></p>' + '</body></html>', 'html','utf-8'))
# 發送圖片附件， 需要用到附件物件MIMEBase物件， 需要引入from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
# 添加附件就是加上一個MIMEBase，從本地讀取一個圖片:
with open(r"C:\Users\YJ\Desktop\favicon.png", "rb") as f:
# 設定附件的MIME和檔案名，這里是png型別:
mime = MIMEBase("image", "png", filename="test.png")
# 加上必要的頭資訊:
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.png')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
# 把附件的內容讀進來:
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64編碼:
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart:
mailMsg.attach(mime)
return mailMsg.as_string()
# 發送郵件
def sendMail(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
mailMsg_as_string = self.mailStructure(toAddrs, subject, msg)
# 連接服務器發送郵件
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.smtpAddr, 465)
server.connect(self.smtpAddr) # 連接smtp服務器
server.login(self.fromUser, self.userPasswd) # 登錄郵箱
server.sendmail(self.fromUser, toAddrs, mailMsg_as_string) # 發送郵件
server.quit()
except Exception:
print("Error: unable to send email")
a = SendMail()
a.sendMail(["[email protected]", "[email protected]"], "測驗主題", "測驗內容")
- 效果圖
發送純文本附件
?? 代碼如下：
# 引入相應的模塊
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
class SendMail(object):
def __init__(self):
self.fromUser = "[email protected]"
self.userPasswd = "xxxxxx" # 此處是qq郵箱授權碼， 不是登錄密碼
self.smtpAddr = "smtp.qq.com"
# 構造郵件結構
# toAddrs 收件人可以是多個,["[email protected]","[email protected]"]， subject 郵件的主題， msg 郵件的內容
def mailStructure(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
# 郵件物件:
mailMsg = MIMEMultipart()
mailMsg['Subject'] = ("Hello <%s>" % subject)
mailMsg['From'] = ("Python管理員 <%s>" % self.fromUser)
mailMsg['To'] = ','.join(toAddrs)
# 郵件正文是MIMEText ：
mailMsg.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'html', 'utf-8'))
# 發送檔案附件， 需要用到附件物件MIMEBase物件， 需要引入from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
# 添加附件就是加上一個MIMEBase，從本地讀取一個檔案:
with open(r"C:\Users\YJ\Desktop\aaa.txt", "rb") as f:
# 設定附件的MIME和檔案名，這里是png型別:
mime = MIMEBase("txta", "txt", filename="test.txt")
# 加上必要的頭資訊:
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.txt')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
# 把附件的內容讀進來:
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64編碼:
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart:
mailMsg.attach(mime)
return mailMsg.as_string()
# 發送郵件
def sendMail(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
mailMsg_as_string = self.mailStructure(toAddrs, subject, msg)
# 連接服務器發送郵件
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.smtpAddr, 465)
server.connect(self.smtpAddr) # 連接smtp服務器
server.login(self.fromUser, self.userPasswd) # 登錄郵箱
server.sendmail(self.fromUser, toAddrs, mailMsg_as_string) # 發送郵件
server.quit()
except Exception:
print("Error: unable to send email")
a = SendMail()
a.sendMail(["[email protected]", "[email protected]"], "測驗主題", "測驗內容")
- 效果圖
發送excel表格附件
?? 代碼如下：
#! /usr/bin/env python
# _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
# @Time :2020/6/30 9:51
# @Auther :yanjie.li
# @Email :[email protected]
# @File :sedMailExcel.py
import smtplib, time
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
class EmailSender(object):
def __init__(self):
self.sender_user = '[email protected]' #發件人郵箱地址
self.sender_password = 'xxxxxxxxxx' #發件人郵箱密碼
self.smtp_server_addr = 'smtp.exmail.qq.com' #smtp服務器地址
self.smtp_server_port = 465 #smtp服務器埠
def main_email(self, text, xlsx_path, xlsx_name):
'''
郵件主題，包含郵件正文 + excel 附件
Args:
text：郵件正文內容
xlsx_path: excel檔案路徑
xlsx_name: excel檔案，例如a.xlsx
Returns: 回傳要發送的資料，正文和附件
'''
msg =MIMEMultipart()
#添加純文本，郵件文本內容，字串格式
text_msg = MIMEText(text, 'html', 'utf-8')
msg.attach(text_msg)
#將xlsx檔案作為內容發送到對方的郵箱讀取excel，rb形式讀取，對于MIMEText()來說默認的編碼形式是base64 對于二進制檔案來說沒有設定base64，會出現亂碼
excel_msg = MIMEText(open(xlsx_path, 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
#設定檔案再附件當中的名字
excel_msg.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=('gbk', '', xlsx_name))
#添加到郵件內容msg中
msg.attach(excel_msg)
return msg
def login_email(self):
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.smtp_server_addr, self.smtp_server_port) #連接smtp服務器
server.connect(self.smtp_server_addr) #連接smtp服務器
result = server.login(self.sender_user, self.sender_password) #登陸郵箱
print("登陸結果: ", result)
return server
def send_email(self, title, to_receiver, msg):
'''
發送郵件
Args:
title: 郵件的主題
to_receiver: 收件人郵箱地址，可以是串列
msg: main_email函式回傳的郵件主體
Returns:
'''
server = self.login_email()
msg['Subject'] = title
msg['From'] = self.sender_user
msg['To'] = ','.join(to_receiver)
msg['Accept-Language']='zh-CN'
msg['Accept-Charset']='ISO-8859-1,utf-8'
server.sendmail(self.sender_user, to_receiver, msg.as_string()) #發送郵件
sed_mail = EmailSender()
text = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') + "資料統計，詳情見附件"
msg = sed_mail.main_email(text, r'小程式日報V2.0（試行版）.xlsx', '小程式日報.xlsx')
sed_mail.send_email(title='資料統計', to_receiver=['[email protected]', '[email protected]'], msg=msg)
轉載請註明出處，本文鏈接：https://www.uj5u.com/houduan/103785.html
標籤：Python
下一篇：118.楊輝三角