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這一次搞懂Spring代理創建及AOP鏈式呼叫程序

2020-10-05 05:05:03 後端開發

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目錄
  • 前言
  • 正文
    • 基本概念
    • 代理物件的創建
    • 小結
    • AOP鏈式呼叫
    • AOP擴展知識
      • 一、自定義全域攔截器Interceptor
      • 二、回圈依賴三級快取存在的必要性
      • 三、如何在Bean創建之前提前創建代理物件
  • 總結

前言

AOP,也就是面向切面編程,它可以將公共的代碼抽離出來,動態的織入到目標類、目標方法中,大大提高我們編程的效率,也使程式變得更加優雅,如事務、操作日志等都可以使用AOP實作,這種織入可以是在運行期動態生成代理物件實作,也可以在編譯期類加載時期靜態織入到代碼中,而Spring正是通過第一種方法實作,且在代理類的生成上也有兩種方式:JDK Proxy和CGLIB,默認當類實作了介面時使用前者,否則使用后者;另外Spring AOP只能實作對方法的增強,

正文

基本概念

AOP的術語很多,雖然不清楚術語我們也能很熟練地使用AOP,但是要理解分析原始碼,術語就需要深刻體會其含義,

  • 增強(Advice):就是我們想要額外增加的功能
  • 目標物件(Target):就是我們想要增強的目標類,如果沒有AOP,我們需要在每個目標物件中實作日志、事務管理等非業務邏輯
  • 連接點(JoinPoint):程式執行時的特定時機,如方法執行前、后以及拋出例外后等等,
  • 切點(Pointcut):連接點的導航,我們如何找到目標物件呢?切點的作用就在于此,在Spring中就是匹配運算式,
  • 引介(Introduction):引介是一種特殊的增強,它為類添加一些屬性和方法,這樣,即使一個業務類原本沒有實作某個介面,通過AOP的引介功能,我們可以動態地為該業務類添加介面的實作邏輯,讓業務類成為這個介面的實作類,
  • 織入(Weaving):即如何將增強添加到目標物件的連接點上,有動態(運行期生成代理)、靜態(編譯期、類加載時期)兩種方式,
  • 代理(Proxy):目標物件被織入增強后,就會產生一個代理物件,該物件可能是和原物件實作了同樣的一個介面(JDK),也可能是原物件的子類(CGLIB),
  • 切面(Aspect、Advisor):切面由切點和增強組成,包含了這兩者的定義,

代理物件的創建

在熟悉了AOP術語后,下面就來看看Spring是如何創建代理物件的,是否還記得上一篇提到的AOP的入口呢?在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory類的applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization方法中回圈呼叫了BeanPostProcessorpostProcessAfterInitialization方法,其中一個就是我們創建代理物件的入口,這里是Bean實體化完成去創建代理物件,理所當然應該這樣,但實際上在Bean實體化之前呼叫了一個resolveBeforeInstantiation方法,這里實際上我們也是有機會可以提前創建代理物件的,這里放到最后來分析,先來看主入口,進入到AbstractAutoProxyCreator類中:

	public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(@Nullable Object bean, String beanName) {
		if (bean != null) {
			Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
			if (!this.earlyProxyReferences.contains(cacheKey)) {
				return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
			}
		}
		return bean;
	}

	protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) {
		//創建當前bean的代理,如果這個bean有advice的話,重點看
		// Create proxy if we have advice.
		Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, null);
		//如果有切面,則生成該bean的代理
		if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) {
			this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE);
			//把被代理物件bean實體封裝到SingletonTargetSource物件中
			Object proxy = createProxy(
					bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean));
			this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());
			return proxy;
		}

		this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
		return bean;
	}

先從快取中拿,沒有則呼叫wrapIfNecessary方法創建,在這個方法里面主要看兩個地方:getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBeancreateProxy,簡單一句話概括就是先掃描后創建,問題是掃描什么呢?你可以先結合上面的概念思考下,換你會怎么做,進入到子類AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreatorgetAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean方法中:

	protected Object[] getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(
			Class<?> beanClass, String beanName, @Nullable TargetSource targetSource) {

		//找到合格的切面
		List<Advisor> advisors = findEligibleAdvisors(beanClass, beanName);
		if (advisors.isEmpty()) {
			return DO_NOT_PROXY;
		}
		return advisors.toArray();
	}

	protected List<Advisor> findEligibleAdvisors(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
		//找到候選的切面,其實就是一個尋找有@Aspectj注解的程序,把工程中所有有這個注解的類封裝成Advisor回傳
		List<Advisor> candidateAdvisors = findCandidateAdvisors();

		//判斷候選的切面是否作用在當前beanClass上面,就是一個匹配程序,現在就是一個匹配
		List<Advisor> eligibleAdvisors = findAdvisorsThatCanApply(candidateAdvisors, beanClass, beanName);
		extendAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
		if (!eligibleAdvisors.isEmpty()) {
			//對有@Order@Priority進行排序
			eligibleAdvisors = sortAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
		}
		return eligibleAdvisors;
	}

findEligibleAdvisors方法中可以看到有兩個步驟,第一先找到所有的切面,即掃描所有帶有@Aspect注解的類,并將其中的切點(運算式)增強封裝為切面,掃描完成后,自然是要判斷哪些切面能夠連接到當前Bean實體上,下面一步步來分析,首先是掃描程序,進入到AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator類中:

	protected List<Advisor> findCandidateAdvisors() {
		// 先通過父類AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator掃描,這里不重要
		List<Advisor> advisors = super.findCandidateAdvisors();
		// 主要看這里
		if (this.aspectJAdvisorsBuilder != null) {
			advisors.addAll(this.aspectJAdvisorsBuilder.buildAspectJAdvisors());
		}
		return advisors;
	}

這里委托給了BeanFactoryAspectJAdvisorsBuilderAdapter類,并呼叫其父類的buildAspectJAdvisors方法創建切面物件:

	public List<Advisor> buildAspectJAdvisors() {
		List<String> aspectNames = this.aspectBeanNames;

		if (aspectNames == null) {
			synchronized (this) {
				aspectNames = this.aspectBeanNames;
				if (aspectNames == null) {
					List<Advisor> advisors = new ArrayList<>();
					aspectNames = new ArrayList<>();
					//獲取spring容器中的所有bean的名稱BeanName
					String[] beanNames = BeanFactoryUtils.beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors(
							this.beanFactory, Object.class, true, false);
					for (String beanName : beanNames) {
						if (!isEligibleBean(beanName)) {
							continue;
						}
						Class<?> beanType = this.beanFactory.getType(beanName);
						if (beanType == null) {
							continue;
						}
						//判斷類上是否有@Aspect注解
						if (this.advisorFactory.isAspect(beanType)) {
							aspectNames.add(beanName);
							AspectMetadata amd = new AspectMetadata(beanType, beanName);
							if (amd.getAjType().getPerClause().getKind() == PerClauseKind.SINGLETON) {
								// 當@Aspect的value屬性為""時才會進入到這里
								// 創建獲取有@Aspect注解類的實體工廠,負責獲取有@Aspect注解類的實體
								MetadataAwareAspectInstanceFactory factory =
										new BeanFactoryAspectInstanceFactory(this.beanFactory, beanName);

								//創建切面advisor物件
								List<Advisor> classAdvisors = this.advisorFactory.getAdvisors(factory);
								if (this.beanFactory.isSingleton(beanName)) {
									this.advisorsCache.put(beanName, classAdvisors);
								}
								else {
									this.aspectFactoryCache.put(beanName, factory);
								}
								advisors.addAll(classAdvisors);
							}
							else {
								MetadataAwareAspectInstanceFactory factory =
										new PrototypeAspectInstanceFactory(this.beanFactory, beanName);
								this.aspectFactoryCache.put(beanName, factory);
								advisors.addAll(this.advisorFactory.getAdvisors(factory));
							}
						}
					}
					this.aspectBeanNames = aspectNames;
					return advisors;
				}
			}
		}
		return advisors;
	}

這個方法里面首先從IOC中拿到所有Bean的名稱,并回圈判斷該類上是否帶有@Aspect注解,如果有則將BeanName和Bean的Class型別封裝到BeanFactoryAspectInstanceFactory中,并呼叫ReflectiveAspectJAdvisorFactory.getAdvisors創建切面物件:

	public List<Advisor> getAdvisors(MetadataAwareAspectInstanceFactory aspectInstanceFactory) {
		//從工廠中獲取有@Aspect注解的類Class
		Class<?> aspectClass = aspectInstanceFactory.getAspectMetadata().getAspectClass();
		//從工廠中獲取有@Aspect注解的類的名稱
		String aspectName = aspectInstanceFactory.getAspectMetadata().getAspectName();
		validate(aspectClass);

		// 創建工廠的裝飾類,獲取實體只會獲取一次
		MetadataAwareAspectInstanceFactory lazySingletonAspectInstanceFactory =
				new LazySingletonAspectInstanceFactoryDecorator(aspectInstanceFactory);

		List<Advisor> advisors = new ArrayList<>();

		//這里回圈沒有@Pointcut注解的方法
		for (Method method : getAdvisorMethods(aspectClass)) {

			//非常重要重點看看
			Advisor advisor = getAdvisor(method, lazySingletonAspectInstanceFactory, advisors.size(), aspectName);
			if (advisor != null) {
				advisors.add(advisor);
			}
		}

		if (!advisors.isEmpty() && lazySingletonAspectInstanceFactory.getAspectMetadata().isLazilyInstantiated()) {
			Advisor instantiationAdvisor = new SyntheticInstantiationAdvisor(lazySingletonAspectInstanceFactory);
			advisors.add(0, instantiationAdvisor);
		}

		//判斷屬性上是否有引介注解,這里可以不看
		for (Field field : aspectClass.getDeclaredFields()) {
			//判斷屬性上是否有DeclareParents注解,如果有回傳切面
			Advisor advisor = getDeclareParentsAdvisor(field);
			if (advisor != null) {
				advisors.add(advisor);
			}
		}

		return advisors;
	}

	private List<Method> getAdvisorMethods(Class<?> aspectClass) {
		final List<Method> methods = new ArrayList<>();
		ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(aspectClass, method -> {
			// Exclude pointcuts
			if (AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(method, Pointcut.class) == null) {
				methods.add(method);
			}
		});
		methods.sort(METHOD_COMPARATOR);
		return methods;
	}

根據Aspect的Class拿到所有不帶@Pointcut注解的方法物件(為什么是不帶@Pointcut注解的方法?仔細想想不難理解),另外要注意這里對method進行了排序,看看這個METHOD_COMPARATOR比較器:

	private static final Comparator<Method> METHOD_COMPARATOR;

	static {
		Comparator<Method> adviceKindComparator = new ConvertingComparator<>(
				new InstanceComparator<>(
						Around.class, Before.class, After.class, AfterReturning.class, AfterThrowing.class),
				(Converter<Method, Annotation>) method -> {
					AspectJAnnotation<?> annotation =
						AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactory.findAspectJAnnotationOnMethod(method);
					return (annotation != null ? annotation.getAnnotation() : null);
				});
		Comparator<Method> methodNameComparator = new ConvertingComparator<>(Method::getName);
		METHOD_COMPARATOR = adviceKindComparator.thenComparing(methodNameComparator);
	}

關注InstanceComparator建構式引數,記住它們的順序,這就是AOP鏈式呼叫中同一個@Aspect類中Advice的執行順序,接著往下看,在getAdvisors方法中回圈獲取到的methods,分別呼叫getAdvisor方法,也就是根據方法逐個去創建切面:

	public Advisor getAdvisor(Method candidateAdviceMethod, MetadataAwareAspectInstanceFactory aspectInstanceFactory,
			int declarationOrderInAspect, String aspectName) {

		validate(aspectInstanceFactory.getAspectMetadata().getAspectClass());

		//獲取pointCut物件,最重要的是從注解中獲取運算式
		AspectJExpressionPointcut expressionPointcut = getPointcut(
				candidateAdviceMethod, aspectInstanceFactory.getAspectMetadata().getAspectClass());
		if (expressionPointcut == null) {
			return null;
		}

		//創建Advisor切面類,這才是真正的切面類,一個切面類里面肯定要有1、pointCut 2、advice
		//這里pointCut是expressionPointcut, advice 增強方法是 candidateAdviceMethod
		return new InstantiationModelAwarePointcutAdvisorImpl(expressionPointcut, candidateAdviceMethod,
				this, aspectInstanceFactory, declarationOrderInAspect, aspectName);
	}

	private static final Class<?>[] ASPECTJ_ANNOTATION_CLASSES = new Class<?>[] {
			Pointcut.class, Around.class, Before.class, After.class, AfterReturning.class, AfterThrowing.class};
			
	private AspectJExpressionPointcut getPointcut(Method candidateAdviceMethod, Class<?> candidateAspectClass) {
		//從候選的增強方法里面 candidateAdviceMethod  找有有注解
		//Pointcut.class, Around.class, Before.class, After.class, AfterReturning.class, AfterThrowing.class
		//并把注解資訊封裝成AspectJAnnotation物件
		AspectJAnnotation<?> aspectJAnnotation =
				AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactory.findAspectJAnnotationOnMethod(candidateAdviceMethod);
		if (aspectJAnnotation == null) {
			return null;
		}

		//創建一個PointCut類,并且把前面從注解里面決議的運算式設定進去
		AspectJExpressionPointcut ajexp =
				new AspectJExpressionPointcut(candidateAspectClass, new String[0], new Class<?>[0]);
		ajexp.setExpression(aspectJAnnotation.getPointcutExpression());
		if (this.beanFactory != null) {
			ajexp.setBeanFactory(this.beanFactory);
		}
		return ajexp;
	}

之前就說過切面的定義,是切點和增強的組合,所以這里首先通過getPointcut獲取到注解物件,然后new了一個Pointcut物件,并將運算式設定進去,然后在getAdvisor方法中最后new了一個InstantiationModelAwarePointcutAdvisorImpl物件:

	public InstantiationModelAwarePointcutAdvisorImpl(AspectJExpressionPointcut declaredPointcut,
			Method aspectJAdviceMethod, AspectJAdvisorFactory aspectJAdvisorFactory,
			MetadataAwareAspectInstanceFactory aspectInstanceFactory, int declarationOrder, String aspectName) {

		this.declaredPointcut = declaredPointcut;
		this.declaringClass = aspectJAdviceMethod.getDeclaringClass();
		this.methodName = aspectJAdviceMethod.getName();
		this.parameterTypes = aspectJAdviceMethod.getParameterTypes();
		this.aspectJAdviceMethod = aspectJAdviceMethod;
		this.aspectJAdvisorFactory = aspectJAdvisorFactory;
		this.aspectInstanceFactory = aspectInstanceFactory;
		this.declarationOrder = declarationOrder;
		this.aspectName = aspectName;

		if (aspectInstanceFactory.getAspectMetadata().isLazilyInstantiated()) {
			// Static part of the pointcut is a lazy type.
			Pointcut preInstantiationPointcut = Pointcuts.union(
					aspectInstanceFactory.getAspectMetadata().getPerClausePointcut(), this.declaredPointcut);

			// Make it dynamic: must mutate from pre-instantiation to post-instantiation state.
			// If it's not a dynamic pointcut, it may be optimized out
			// by the Spring AOP infrastructure after the first evaluation.
			this.pointcut = new PerTargetInstantiationModelPointcut(
					this.declaredPointcut, preInstantiationPointcut, aspectInstanceFactory);
			this.lazy = true;
		}
		else {
			// A singleton aspect.
			this.pointcut = this.declaredPointcut;
			this.lazy = false;
			//這個方法重點看看,創建advice物件
			this.instantiatedAdvice = instantiateAdvice(this.declaredPointcut);
		}
	}

這個就是我們的切面類,在其構造方法的最后通過instantiateAdvice創建了Advice物件,注意這里傳進來的declarationOrder引數,它就是回圈method時的序號,其作用就是賦值給這里的declarationOrder屬性以及Advice的declarationOrder屬性,在后面排序時就會通過這個序號來比較,因此Advice的執行順序是固定的,至于為什么要固定,后面分析完AOP鏈式呼叫程序自然就明白了,

	public Advice getAdvice(Method candidateAdviceMethod, AspectJExpressionPointcut expressionPointcut,
			MetadataAwareAspectInstanceFactory aspectInstanceFactory, int declarationOrder, String aspectName) {

		//獲取有@Aspect注解的類
		Class<?> candidateAspectClass = aspectInstanceFactory.getAspectMetadata().getAspectClass();
		validate(candidateAspectClass);

		//找到candidateAdviceMethod方法上面的注解,并且包裝成AspectJAnnotation物件,這個物件中就有注解型別
		AspectJAnnotation<?> aspectJAnnotation =
				AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactory.findAspectJAnnotationOnMethod(candidateAdviceMethod);
		if (aspectJAnnotation == null) {
			return null;
		}
		
		AbstractAspectJAdvice springAdvice;

		//根據不同的注解型別創建不同的advice類實體
		switch (aspectJAnnotation.getAnnotationType()) {
			case AtPointcut:
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Processing pointcut '" + candidateAdviceMethod.getName() + "'");
				}
				return null;
			case AtAround:
				//實作了MethodInterceptor介面
				springAdvice = new AspectJAroundAdvice(
						candidateAdviceMethod, expressionPointcut, aspectInstanceFactory);
				break;
			case AtBefore:
				//實作了MethodBeforeAdvice介面,沒有實作MethodInterceptor介面
				springAdvice = new AspectJMethodBeforeAdvice(
						candidateAdviceMethod, expressionPointcut, aspectInstanceFactory);
				break;
			case AtAfter:
				//實作了MethodInterceptor介面
				springAdvice = new AspectJAfterAdvice(
						candidateAdviceMethod, expressionPointcut, aspectInstanceFactory);
				break;
			case AtAfterReturning:
				//實作了AfterReturningAdvice介面,沒有實作MethodInterceptor介面
				springAdvice = new AspectJAfterReturningAdvice(
						candidateAdviceMethod, expressionPointcut, aspectInstanceFactory);
				AfterReturning afterReturningAnnotation = (AfterReturning) aspectJAnnotation.getAnnotation();
				if (StringUtils.hasText(afterReturningAnnotation.returning())) {
					springAdvice.setReturningName(afterReturningAnnotation.returning());
				}
				break;
			case AtAfterThrowing:
				//實作了MethodInterceptor介面
				springAdvice = new AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice(
						candidateAdviceMethod, expressionPointcut, aspectInstanceFactory);
				AfterThrowing afterThrowingAnnotation = (AfterThrowing) aspectJAnnotation.getAnnotation();
				if (StringUtils.hasText(afterThrowingAnnotation.throwing())) {
					springAdvice.setThrowingName(afterThrowingAnnotation.throwing());
				}
				break;
			default:
				throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
						"Unsupported advice type on method: " + candidateAdviceMethod);
		}

		// Now to configure the advice...
		springAdvice.setAspectName(aspectName);
		springAdvice.setDeclarationOrder(declarationOrder);
		String[] argNames = this.parameterNameDiscoverer.getParameterNames(candidateAdviceMethod);
		if (argNames != null) {
			springAdvice.setArgumentNamesFromStringArray(argNames);
		}

		//計算argNames和型別的對應關系
		springAdvice.calculateArgumentBindings();

		return springAdvice;
	}

這里邏輯很清晰,就是拿到方法上的注解型別,根據型別創建不同的增強Advice物件:AspectJAroundAdvice、AspectJMethodBeforeAdvice、AspectJAfterAdvice、AspectJAfterReturningAdvice、AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice,完成之后通過calculateArgumentBindings方法進行引數系結,感興趣的可自行研究,這里主要看看幾個Advice的繼承體系:
在這里插入圖片描述
可以看到有兩個Advice是沒有實作MethodInterceptor介面的:AspectJMethodBeforeAdvice和AspectJAfterReturningAdvice,而MethodInterceptor有一個invoke方法,這個方法就是鏈式呼叫的核心方法,但那兩個沒有實作該方法的Advice怎么處理呢?稍后會分析,
到這里切面物件就創建完成了,接下來就是判斷當前創建的Bean實體是否和這些切面匹配以及對切面排序,匹配程序比較復雜,對理解主流程也沒什么幫助,所以這里就不展開分析,感興趣的自行分析(AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.findAdvisorsThatCanApply()),下面看看排序的程序,回到AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.findEligibleAdvisors方法:

	protected List<Advisor> findEligibleAdvisors(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
		//找到候選的切面,其實就是一個尋找有@Aspectj注解的程序,把工程中所有有這個注解的類封裝成Advisor回傳
		List<Advisor> candidateAdvisors = findCandidateAdvisors();

		//判斷候選的切面是否作用在當前beanClass上面,就是一個匹配程序,,現在就是一個匹配
		List<Advisor> eligibleAdvisors = findAdvisorsThatCanApply(candidateAdvisors, beanClass, beanName);
		extendAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
		if (!eligibleAdvisors.isEmpty()) {
			//對有@Order@Priority進行排序
			eligibleAdvisors = sortAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
		}
		return eligibleAdvisors;
	}

sortAdvisors方法就是排序,但這個方法有兩個實作:當前類AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator和子類AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator,應該走哪個呢?
在這里插入圖片描述
通過類圖我們可以肯定是進入的AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator類,因為AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator的父類是它,

	protected List<Advisor> sortAdvisors(List<Advisor> advisors) {
		List<PartiallyComparableAdvisorHolder> partiallyComparableAdvisors = new ArrayList<>(advisors.size());
		for (Advisor element : advisors) {
			partiallyComparableAdvisors.add(
					new PartiallyComparableAdvisorHolder(element, DEFAULT_PRECEDENCE_COMPARATOR));
		}
		List<PartiallyComparableAdvisorHolder> sorted = PartialOrder.sort(partiallyComparableAdvisors);
		if (sorted != null) {
			List<Advisor> result = new ArrayList<>(advisors.size());
			for (PartiallyComparableAdvisorHolder pcAdvisor : sorted) {
				result.add(pcAdvisor.getAdvisor());
			}
			return result;
		}
		else {
			return super.sortAdvisors(advisors);
		}
	}

這里排序主要是委托給PartialOrder進行的,而在此之前將所有的切面都封裝成了PartiallyComparableAdvisorHolder物件,注意傳入的DEFAULT_PRECEDENCE_COMPARATOR引數,這個就是比較器物件:

	private static final Comparator<Advisor> DEFAULT_PRECEDENCE_COMPARATOR = new AspectJPrecedenceComparator();

所以我們直接看這個比較器的compare方法:

	public int compare(Advisor o1, Advisor o2) {
		int advisorPrecedence = this.advisorComparator.compare(o1, o2);
		if (advisorPrecedence == SAME_PRECEDENCE && declaredInSameAspect(o1, o2)) {
			advisorPrecedence = comparePrecedenceWithinAspect(o1, o2);
		}
		return advisorPrecedence;
	}

	private final Comparator<? super Advisor> advisorComparator;
	public AspectJPrecedenceComparator() {
		this.advisorComparator = AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE;
	}

第一步先通過AnnotationAwareOrderComparator去比較,點進去看可以發現是對實作了PriorityOrderedOrdered介面以及標記了PriorityOrder注解的非同一個@Aspect類中的切面進行排序,這個和之前分析BeanFacotryPostProcessor類是一樣的原理,而對同一個@Aspect類中的切面排序主要是comparePrecedenceWithinAspect方法:

	private int comparePrecedenceWithinAspect(Advisor advisor1, Advisor advisor2) {
		boolean oneOrOtherIsAfterAdvice =
				(AspectJAopUtils.isAfterAdvice(advisor1) || AspectJAopUtils.isAfterAdvice(advisor2));
		int adviceDeclarationOrderDelta = getAspectDeclarationOrder(advisor1) - getAspectDeclarationOrder(advisor2);

		if (oneOrOtherIsAfterAdvice) {
			// the advice declared last has higher precedence
			if (adviceDeclarationOrderDelta < 0) {
				// advice1 was declared before advice2
				// so advice1 has lower precedence
				return LOWER_PRECEDENCE;
			}
			else if (adviceDeclarationOrderDelta == 0) {
				return SAME_PRECEDENCE;
			}
			else {
				return HIGHER_PRECEDENCE;
			}
		}
		else {
			// the advice declared first has higher precedence
			if (adviceDeclarationOrderDelta < 0) {
				// advice1 was declared before advice2
				// so advice1 has higher precedence
				return HIGHER_PRECEDENCE;
			}
			else if (adviceDeclarationOrderDelta == 0) {
				return SAME_PRECEDENCE;
			}
			else {
				return LOWER_PRECEDENCE;
			}
		}
	}

	private int getAspectDeclarationOrder(Advisor anAdvisor) {
		AspectJPrecedenceInformation precedenceInfo =
			AspectJAopUtils.getAspectJPrecedenceInformationFor(anAdvisor);
		if (precedenceInfo != null) {
			return precedenceInfo.getDeclarationOrder();
		}
		else {
			return 0;
		}
	}

這里就是通過precedenceInfo.getDeclarationOrder拿到在創建InstantiationModelAwarePointcutAdvisorImpl物件時設定的declarationOrder屬性,這就驗證了之前的說法(實際上這里排序程序非常復雜,不是簡單的按照這個屬性進行排序),
當上面的一切都進行完成后,就該創建代理物件了,回到AbstractAutoProxyCreator.wrapIfNecessary,看關鍵部分代碼:

	//如果有切面,則生成該bean的代理
	if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) {
		this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE);
		//把被代理物件bean實體封裝到SingletonTargetSource物件中
		Object proxy = createProxy(
				bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean));
		this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());
		return proxy;
	}

注意這里將被代理物件封裝成了一個SingletonTargetSource物件,它是TargetSource的實作類,

	protected Object createProxy(Class<?> beanClass, @Nullable String beanName,
			@Nullable Object[] specificInterceptors, TargetSource targetSource) {

		if (this.beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) {
			AutoProxyUtils.exposeTargetClass((ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) this.beanFactory, beanName, beanClass);
		}

		//創建代理工廠
		ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory();
		proxyFactory.copyFrom(this);

		if (!proxyFactory.isProxyTargetClass()) {
			if (shouldProxyTargetClass(beanClass, beanName)) {
				//proxyTargetClass 是否對類進行代理,而不是對介面進行代理,設定為true時,使用CGLib代理,
				proxyFactory.setProxyTargetClass(true);
			}
			else {
				evaluateProxyInterfaces(beanClass, proxyFactory);
			}
		}

		//把advice型別的增強包裝成advisor切面
		Advisor[] advisors = buildAdvisors(beanName, specificInterceptors);
		proxyFactory.addAdvisors(advisors);
		proxyFactory.setTargetSource(targetSource);
		customizeProxyFactory(proxyFactory);

		////用來控制代理工廠被配置后,是否還允許修改代理的配置,默認為false
		proxyFactory.setFrozen(this.freezeProxy);
		if (advisorsPreFiltered()) {
			proxyFactory.setPreFiltered(true);
		}

		//獲取代理實體
		return proxyFactory.getProxy(getProxyClassLoader());
	}

這里通過ProxyFactory物件去創建代理實體,這是工廠模式的體現,但在創建代理物件之前還有幾個準備動作:需要判斷是JDK代理還是CGLIB代理以及通過buildAdvisors方法將擴展的Advice封裝成Advisor切面,準備完成則通過getProxy創建代理物件:

	public Object getProxy(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
		//根據目標物件是否有介面來判斷采用什么代理方式,cglib代理還是jdk動態代理
		return createAopProxy().getProxy(classLoader);
	}

	protected final synchronized AopProxy createAopProxy() {
		if (!this.active) {
			activate();
		}
		return getAopProxyFactory().createAopProxy(this);
	}

	public AopProxy createAopProxy(AdvisedSupport config) throws AopConfigException {
		if (config.isOptimize() || config.isProxyTargetClass() || hasNoUserSuppliedProxyInterfaces(config)) {
			Class<?> targetClass = config.getTargetClass();
			if (targetClass == null) {
				throw new AopConfigException("TargetSource cannot determine target class: " +
						"Either an interface or a target is required for proxy creation.");
			}
			if (targetClass.isInterface() || Proxy.isProxyClass(targetClass)) {
				return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
			}
			return new ObjenesisCglibAopProxy(config);
		}
		else {
			return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
		}
	}

首先通過配置拿到對應的代理類:ObjenesisCglibAopProxy和JdkDynamicAopProxy,然后再通過getProxy創建Bean的代理,這里以JdkDynamicAopProxy為例:

	public Object getProxy(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
		//advised是代理工廠物件
		Class<?>[] proxiedInterfaces = AopProxyUtils.completeProxiedInterfaces(this.advised, true);
		findDefinedEqualsAndHashCodeMethods(proxiedInterfaces);
		return Proxy.newProxyInstance(classLoader, proxiedInterfaces, this);
	}

這里的代碼你應該不陌生了,就是JDK的原生API,newProxyInstance方法傳入的InvocationHandler物件是this,因此,最終AOP代理的呼叫就是從該類中的invoke方法開始,至此,代理物件的創建就完成了,下面來看下整個程序的時序圖:
在這里插入圖片描述

小結

代理物件的創建程序整體來說并不復雜,首先找到所有帶有@Aspect注解的類,并獲取其中沒有@Pointcut注解的方法,回圈創建切面,而創建切面需要切點增強兩個元素,其中切點可簡單理解為我們寫的運算式,增強則是根據@Before、@Around、@After等注解創建的對應的Advice類,切面創建好后則需要回圈判斷哪些切面能對當前的Bean實體的方法進行增強并排序,最后通過ProxyFactory創建代理物件,

AOP鏈式呼叫

熟悉JDK動態代理的都知道通過代理物件呼叫方法時,會進入到InvocationHandler物件的invoke方法,所以我們直接從JdkDynamicAopProxy的這個方法開始:

	public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
		MethodInvocation invocation;
		Object oldProxy = null;
		boolean setProxyContext = false;

		//從代理工廠中拿到TargetSource物件,該物件包裝了被代理實體bean
		TargetSource targetSource = this.advised.targetSource;
		Object target = null;

		try {
			//被代理物件的equals方法和hashCode方法是不能被代理的,不會走切面
			.......
			
			Object retVal;

			// 可以從當前執行緒中拿到代理物件
			if (this.advised.exposeProxy) {
				// Make invocation available if necessary.
				oldProxy = AopContext.setCurrentProxy(proxy);
				setProxyContext = true;
			}

			//這個target就是被代理實體
			target = targetSource.getTarget();
			Class<?> targetClass = (target != null ? target.getClass() : null);
			
			//從代理工廠中拿過濾器鏈 Object是一個MethodInterceptor型別的物件,其實就是一個advice物件
			List<Object> chain = this.advised.getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(method, targetClass);

			//如果該方法沒有執行鏈,則說明這個方法不需要被攔截,則直接反射呼叫
			if (chain.isEmpty()) {
				Object[] argsToUse = AopProxyUtils.adaptArgumentsIfNecessary(method, args);
				retVal = AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(target, method, argsToUse);
			}
			else {
				invocation = new ReflectiveMethodInvocation(proxy, target, method, args, targetClass, chain);
				retVal = invocation.proceed();
			}

			// Massage return value if necessary.
			Class<?> returnType = method.getReturnType();
			if (retVal != null && retVal == target &&
					returnType != Object.class && returnType.isInstance(proxy) &&
					!RawTargetAccess.class.isAssignableFrom(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
				retVal = proxy;
			}
			return retVal;
		}
		finally {
			if (target != null && !targetSource.isStatic()) {
				// Must have come from TargetSource.
				targetSource.releaseTarget(target);
			}
			if (setProxyContext) {
				// Restore old proxy.
				AopContext.setCurrentProxy(oldProxy);
			}
		}
	}

這段代碼比較長,我刪掉了不關鍵的地方,首先來看this.advised.exposeProxy這個屬性,這在@EnableAspectJAutoProxy注解中可以配置,當為true時,會將該代理物件設定到當前執行緒的ThreadLocal物件中,這樣就可以通過AopContext.currentProxy拿到代理物件,這個有什么用呢?我相信有經驗的Java開發都遇到過這樣一個BUG,在Service實作類中呼叫本類中的另一個方法時,事務不會生效,這是因為直接通過this呼叫就不會呼叫到代理物件的方法,而是原物件的,所以事務切面就沒有生效,因此這種情況下就可以從當前執行緒的ThreadLocal物件拿到代理物件,不過實際上直接使用@Autowired注入自己本身也可以拿到代理物件,
接下來就是通過getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice拿到執行鏈,看看具體做了哪些事情:

	public List<Object> getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(
			Advised config, Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass) {

		AdvisorAdapterRegistry registry = GlobalAdvisorAdapterRegistry.getInstance();
		//從代理工廠中獲得該被代理類的所有切面advisor,config就是代理工廠物件
		Advisor[] advisors = config.getAdvisors();
		List<Object> interceptorList = new ArrayList<>(advisors.length);
		Class<?> actualClass = (targetClass != null ? targetClass : method.getDeclaringClass());
		Boolean hasIntroductions = null;

		for (Advisor advisor : advisors) {
			//大部分走這里
			if (advisor instanceof PointcutAdvisor) {
				// Add it conditionally.
				PointcutAdvisor pointcutAdvisor = (PointcutAdvisor) advisor;
				//如果切面的pointCut和被代理物件是匹配的,說明是切面要攔截的物件
				if (config.isPreFiltered() || pointcutAdvisor.getPointcut().getClassFilter().matches(actualClass)) {
					MethodMatcher mm = pointcutAdvisor.getPointcut().getMethodMatcher();
					boolean match;
					if (mm instanceof IntroductionAwareMethodMatcher) {
						if (hasIntroductions == null) {
							hasIntroductions = hasMatchingIntroductions(advisors, actualClass);
						}
						match = ((IntroductionAwareMethodMatcher) mm).matches(method, actualClass, hasIntroductions);
					}
					else {
						//接下來判斷方法是否是切面pointcut需要攔截的方法
						match = mm.matches(method, actualClass);
					}
					//如果類和方法都匹配
					if (match) {

						//獲取到切面advisor中的advice,并且包裝成MethodInterceptor型別的物件
						MethodInterceptor[] interceptors = registry.getInterceptors(advisor);
						if (mm.isRuntime()) {
							for (MethodInterceptor interceptor : interceptors) {
								interceptorList.add(new InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher(interceptor, mm));
							}
						}
						else {
							interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors));
						}
					}
				}
			}
			//如果是引介切面
			else if (advisor instanceof IntroductionAdvisor) {
				IntroductionAdvisor ia = (IntroductionAdvisor) advisor;
				if (config.isPreFiltered() || ia.getClassFilter().matches(actualClass)) {
					Interceptor[] interceptors = registry.getInterceptors(advisor);
					interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors));
				}
			}
			else {
				Interceptor[] interceptors = registry.getInterceptors(advisor);
				interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors));
			}
		}

		return interceptorList;
	}

這也是個長方法,看關鍵的部分,因為之前我們創建的基本上都是InstantiationModelAwarePointcutAdvisorImpl物件,該類是PointcutAdvisor的實作類,所以會進入第一個if判斷里,這里首先進行匹配,看切點當前物件以及該物件的哪些方法匹配,如果能匹配上,則呼叫getInterceptors獲取執行鏈:

	private final List<AdvisorAdapter> adapters = new ArrayList<>(3);
	public DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry() {
		registerAdvisorAdapter(new MethodBeforeAdviceAdapter());
		registerAdvisorAdapter(new AfterReturningAdviceAdapter());
		registerAdvisorAdapter(new ThrowsAdviceAdapter());
	}

	public MethodInterceptor[] getInterceptors(Advisor advisor) throws UnknownAdviceTypeException {
		List<MethodInterceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>(3);
		Advice advice = advisor.getAdvice();
		//如果是MethodInterceptor型別的,如:AspectJAroundAdvice
		//AspectJAfterAdvice
		//AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice
		if (advice instanceof MethodInterceptor) {
			interceptors.add((MethodInterceptor) advice);
		}

		//處理 AspectJMethodBeforeAdvice  AspectJAfterReturningAdvice
		for (AdvisorAdapter adapter : this.adapters) {
			if (adapter.supportsAdvice(advice)) {
				interceptors.add(adapter.getInterceptor(advisor));
			}
		}
		if (interceptors.isEmpty()) {
			throw new UnknownAdviceTypeException(advisor.getAdvice());
		}
		return interceptors.toArray(new MethodInterceptor[0]);
	}

這里我們可以看到如果是MethodInterceptor的實作類,則直接添加到鏈中,如果不是,則需要通過配接器去包裝后添加,剛好這里有MethodBeforeAdviceAdapterAfterReturningAdviceAdapter兩個配接器對應上文兩個沒有實作MethodInterceptor介面的類,最后將Interceptors回傳,

if (chain.isEmpty()) {
	Object[] argsToUse = AopProxyUtils.adaptArgumentsIfNecessary(method, args);
	retVal = AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(target, method, argsToUse);
}
else {
	// We need to create a method invocation...
	invocation = new ReflectiveMethodInvocation(proxy, target, method, args, targetClass, chain);
	// Proceed to the joinpoint through the interceptor chain.
	retVal = invocation.proceed();
}

回傳到invoke方法后,如果執行鏈為空,說明該方法不需要被增強,所以直接反射呼叫原物件的方法(注意傳入的是TargetSource封裝的被代理物件);反之,則通過ReflectiveMethodInvocation類進行鏈式呼叫,關鍵方法就是proceed

	private int currentInterceptorIndex = -1;
	
	public Object proceed() throws Throwable {
		//如果執行鏈中的advice全部執行完,則直接呼叫joinPoint方法,就是被代理方法
		if (this.currentInterceptorIndex == this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.size() - 1) {
			return invokeJoinpoint();
		}

		Object interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice =
				this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.get(++this.currentInterceptorIndex);
		if (interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice instanceof InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) {
			InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher dm =
					(InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice;
			Class<?> targetClass = (this.targetClass != null ? this.targetClass : this.method.getDeclaringClass());
			if (dm.methodMatcher.matches(this.method, targetClass, this.arguments)) {
				return dm.interceptor.invoke(this);
			}
			else {
				return proceed();
			}
		}
		else {
			//呼叫MethodInterceptor中的invoke方法
			return ((MethodInterceptor) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice).invoke(this);
		}
	}

這個方法的核心就在兩個地方:invokeJoinpointinterceptorOrInterceptionAdvice.invoke(this),當增強方法呼叫完后就會通過前者呼叫到被代理的方法,否則則是依次呼叫Interceptorinvoke方法,下面就分別看看每個Interceptor是怎么實作的,

  • AspectJAroundAdvice
	public Object invoke(MethodInvocation mi) throws Throwable {
		if (!(mi instanceof ProxyMethodInvocation)) {
			throw new IllegalStateException("MethodInvocation is not a Spring ProxyMethodInvocation: " + mi);
		}
		ProxyMethodInvocation pmi = (ProxyMethodInvocation) mi;
		ProceedingJoinPoint pjp = lazyGetProceedingJoinPoint(pmi);
		JoinPointMatch jpm = getJoinPointMatch(pmi);
		return invokeAdviceMethod(pjp, jpm, null, null);
	}
  • MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor -> AspectJMethodBeforeAdvice
	public Object invoke(MethodInvocation mi) throws Throwable {
		this.advice.before(mi.getMethod(), mi.getArguments(), mi.getThis());
		return mi.proceed();
	}

	public void before(Method method, Object[] args, @Nullable Object target) throws Throwable {
		invokeAdviceMethod(getJoinPointMatch(), null, null);
	}
  • AspectJAfterAdvice
	public Object invoke(MethodInvocation mi) throws Throwable {
		try {
			return mi.proceed();
		}
		finally {
			invokeAdviceMethod(getJoinPointMatch(), null, null);
		}
	}
  • AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor -> AspectJAfterReturningAdvice
	public Object invoke(MethodInvocation mi) throws Throwable {
		Object retVal = mi.proceed();
		this.advice.afterReturning(retVal, mi.getMethod(), mi.getArguments(), mi.getThis());
		return retVal;
	}

	public void afterReturning(@Nullable Object returnValue, Method method, Object[] args, @Nullable Object target) throws Throwable {
		if (shouldInvokeOnReturnValueOf(method, returnValue)) {
			invokeAdviceMethod(getJoinPointMatch(), returnValue, null);
		}
	}
  • AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice
	public Object invoke(MethodInvocation mi) throws Throwable {
		try {
			return mi.proceed();
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			if (shouldInvokeOnThrowing(ex)) {
				invokeAdviceMethod(getJoinPointMatch(), null, ex);
			}
			throw ex;
		}
	}

這里的呼叫順序是怎樣的呢?其核心就是通過proceed方法控制流程,每執行完一個Advice就會回到proceed方法中呼叫下一個Advice,可以思考一下,怎么才能讓呼叫結果滿足如下圖的執行順序
在這里插入圖片描述
以上就是AOP的鏈式呼叫程序,但是這只是只有一個切面類的情況,如果有多個@Aspect類呢,這個呼叫程序又是怎樣的?其核心思想和“堆疊”一樣,就是“先進后出,后進先出”,

AOP擴展知識

一、自定義全域攔截器Interceptor

在上文創建代理物件的時候有這樣一個方法:

	protected Advisor[] buildAdvisors(@Nullable String beanName, @Nullable Object[] specificInterceptors) {
		//自定義MethodInterceptor.拿到setInterceptorNames方法注入的Interceptor物件
		Advisor[] commonInterceptors = resolveInterceptorNames();

		List<Object> allInterceptors = new ArrayList<>();
		if (specificInterceptors != null) {
			allInterceptors.addAll(Arrays.asList(specificInterceptors));
			if (commonInterceptors.length > 0) {
				if (this.applyCommonInterceptorsFirst) {
					allInterceptors.addAll(0, Arrays.asList(commonInterceptors));
				}
				else {
					allInterceptors.addAll(Arrays.asList(commonInterceptors));
				}
			}
		}

		Advisor[] advisors = new Advisor[allInterceptors.size()];
		for (int i = 0; i < allInterceptors.size(); i++) {
			//對自定義的advice要進行包裝,把advice包裝成advisor物件,切面物件
			advisors[i] = this.advisorAdapterRegistry.wrap(allInterceptors.get(i));
		}
		return advisors;
	}

這個方法的作用就在于我們可以擴展我們自己的Interceptor,首先通過resolveInterceptorNames方法獲取到通過setInterceptorNames方法設定的Interceptor,然后呼叫DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry.wrap方法將其包裝為DefaultPointcutAdvisor物件并回傳:

	public Advisor wrap(Object adviceObject) throws UnknownAdviceTypeException {
		if (adviceObject instanceof Advisor) {
			return (Advisor) adviceObject;
		}
		if (!(adviceObject instanceof Advice)) {
			throw new UnknownAdviceTypeException(adviceObject);
		}
		Advice advice = (Advice) adviceObject;
		if (advice instanceof MethodInterceptor) {
			return new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(advice);
		}
		for (AdvisorAdapter adapter : this.adapters) {
			if (adapter.supportsAdvice(advice)) {
				return new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(advice);
			}
		}
		throw new UnknownAdviceTypeException(advice);
	}

	public DefaultPointcutAdvisor(Advice advice) {
		this(Pointcut.TRUE, advice);
	}

需要注意DefaultPointcutAdvisor構造器里面傳入了一個Pointcut.TRUE,表示這種擴展的Interceptor是全域的攔截器,下面來看看如何使用:

public class MyMethodInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor {
    @Override
    public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {

        System.out.println("自定義攔截器");
        return invocation.proceed();
    }
}

首先寫一個類實作MethodInterceptor 介面,在invoke方法中實作我們的攔截邏輯,然后通過下面的方式測驗,只要UserService 有AOP攔截就會發現自定義的MyMethodInterceptor也生效了,

    public void costomInterceptorTest() {
        AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator bean = applicationContext.getBean(AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator.class);
        bean.setInterceptorNames("myMethodInterceptor ");

        UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
        userService.queryUser("dark");
    }

但是如果換個順序,像下面這樣:

    public void costomInterceptorTest() {

        UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);

        AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator bean = applicationContext.getBean(AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator.class);
        bean.setInterceptorNames("myMethodInterceptor ");

        userService.queryUser("dark");
    }

這時自定義的全域攔截器就沒有作用了,這是為什么呢?因為當執行getBean的時候,如果有切面匹配就會通過ProxyFactory去創建代理物件,注意Interceptor是存到這個Factory物件中的,而這個物件和代理物件是一一對應的,因此呼叫getBean時,還沒有myMethodInterceptor這個物件,自定義攔截器就沒有效果了,也就是說要想自定義攔截器生效,就必須在代理物件生成之前注冊進去,

二、回圈依賴三級快取存在的必要性

在上一篇文章我分析了Spring是如何通過三級快取來解決回圈依賴的問題的,但你是否考慮過第三級快取為什么要存在?我直接將bean存到二級不就行了么,為什么還要存一個ObjectFactory物件到第三級快取中?一個是因為不是每個Bean都會出現回圈依賴,所以三級快取只存了一個工廠物件;二是我們在@Autowired物件時,想要注入的不一定是Bean本身,而是想要注入一個修改過后的物件,如代理物件,在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.getEarlyBeanReference方法中回圈呼叫了SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.getEarlyBeanReference方法,AbstractAutoProxyCreator物件就實作了該方法:

	public Object getEarlyBeanReference(Object bean, String beanName) {
		Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
		if (!this.earlyProxyReferences.contains(cacheKey)) {
			this.earlyProxyReferences.add(cacheKey);
		}
		// 創建代理物件
		return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
	}

因此,當我們想要對循壞依賴的Bean做出修改時,就可以像AOP這樣做,

三、如何在Bean創建之前提前創建代理物件

Spring的代理物件基本上都是在Bean實體化完成之后創建的,但在文章開始我就說過,Spring也提供了一個機會在創建Bean物件之前就創建代理物件,在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.resolveBeforeInstantiation方法中:

	protected Object resolveBeforeInstantiation(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
		Object bean = null;
		if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved)) {
			// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
			if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
				Class<?> targetType = determineTargetType(beanName, mbd);
				if (targetType != null) {
					bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(targetType, beanName);
					if (bean != null) {
						bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(bean, beanName);
					}
				}
			}
			mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved = (bean != null);
		}
		return bean;
	}

	protected Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
		for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
			if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
				InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
				Object result = ibp.postProcessBeforeInstantiation(beanClass, beanName);
				if (result != null) {
					return result;
				}
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

主要是InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法中,這里又會進入到AbstractAutoProxyCreator類中:

	public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
		TargetSource targetSource = getCustomTargetSource(beanClass, beanName);
		if (targetSource != null) {
			if (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName)) {
				this.targetSourcedBeans.add(beanName);
			}
			Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(beanClass, beanName, targetSource);
			Object proxy = createProxy(beanClass, beanName, specificInterceptors, targetSource);
			this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());
			return proxy;
		}

		return null;
	}

	protected TargetSource getCustomTargetSource(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
		// We can't create fancy target sources for directly registered singletons.
		if (this.customTargetSourceCreators != null &&
				this.beanFactory != null && this.beanFactory.containsBean(beanName)) {
			for (TargetSourceCreator tsc : this.customTargetSourceCreators) {
				TargetSource ts = tsc.getTargetSource(beanClass, beanName);
				if (ts != null) {
					return ts;
				}
			}
		}

		// No custom TargetSource found.
		return null;
	}

看到這里大致應該明白了,先是獲取到一個自定義的TargetSource物件,然后創建代理物件,所以我們首先需要自己實作一個TargetSource類,這里直接繼承一個抽象類,getTarget方法則回傳原始物件:

public class MyTargetSource extends AbstractBeanFactoryBasedTargetSource {
    @Override
    public Object getTarget() throws Exception {
        return getBeanFactory().getBean(getTargetBeanName());
    }
}

但這還不夠,上面首先判斷了customTargetSourceCreators!=null,而這個屬性是個陣列,可以通過下面這個方法設定進來:

	public void setCustomTargetSourceCreators(TargetSourceCreator... targetSourceCreators) {
		this.customTargetSourceCreators = targetSourceCreators;
	}

所以我們還要實作一個TargetSourceCreator類,同樣繼承一個抽象類實作,并只對userServiceImpl物件進行攔截:

public class MyTargetSourceCreator extends AbstractBeanFactoryBasedTargetSourceCreator {
    @Override
    protected AbstractBeanFactoryBasedTargetSource createBeanFactoryBasedTargetSource(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {

        if (getBeanFactory() instanceof ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) {
            if(beanName.equalsIgnoreCase("userServiceImpl")) {
                return new MyTargetSource();
            }
        }

        return null;
    }
}

createBeanFactoryBasedTargetSource方法是在AbstractBeanFactoryBasedTargetSourceCreator.getTargetSource中呼叫的,而getTargetSource就是在上面getCustomTargetSource中呼叫的,以上作業做完后,還需要將其設定到AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator物件中,因此需要我們注入這個物件:

@Configuration
public class TargetSourceCreatorBean {

    @Autowired
    private BeanFactory beanFactory;

   @Bean
    public AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator annotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator() {
        AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator creator = new AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator();
        MyTargetSourceCreator myTargetSourceCreator = new MyTargetSourceCreator();
        myTargetSourceCreator.setBeanFactory(beanFactory);
        creator.setCustomTargetSourceCreators(myTargetSourceCreator);
        return creator;
    }
}

這樣,當我們通過getBean獲取userServiceImpl的物件時,就會優先生成代理物件,然后在呼叫執行鏈的程序中再通過TargetSource.getTarget獲取到被代理物件,但是,為什么我們在getTarget方法中呼叫getBean就能拿到被代理物件呢?
繼續探究,通過斷點我發現從getTarget進入時,在resolveBeforeInstantiation方法中回傳的bean就是null了,而getBeanPostProcessors方法回傳的Processors中也沒有了AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator物件,也就是沒有進入到AbstractAutoProxyCreator.postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法中,所以不會再次獲取到代理物件,那AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator物件是在什么時候移除的呢?
帶著問題,我開始反推,發現在AbstractBeanFactoryBasedTargetSourceCreator類中有這樣一個方法buildInternalBeanFactory

	protected DefaultListableBeanFactory buildInternalBeanFactory(ConfigurableBeanFactory containingFactory) {
		DefaultListableBeanFactory internalBeanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory(containingFactory);

		// Required so that all BeanPostProcessors, Scopes, etc become available.
		internalBeanFactory.copyConfigurationFrom(containingFactory);

		// Filter out BeanPostProcessors that are part of the AOP infrastructure,
		// since those are only meant to apply to beans defined in the original factory.
		internalBeanFactory.getBeanPostProcessors().removeIf(beanPostProcessor ->
				beanPostProcessor instanceof AopInfrastructureBean);

		return internalBeanFactory;
	}

在這里移除掉了所有AopInfrastructureBean的子類,而AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator就是其子類,那這個方法是在哪里呼叫的呢?繼續反推:

	protected DefaultListableBeanFactory getInternalBeanFactoryForBean(String beanName) {
		synchronized (this.internalBeanFactories) {
			DefaultListableBeanFactory internalBeanFactory = this.internalBeanFactories.get(beanName);
			if (internalBeanFactory == null) {
				internalBeanFactory = buildInternalBeanFactory(this.beanFactory);
				this.internalBeanFactories.put(beanName, internalBeanFactory);
			}
			return internalBeanFactory;
		}
	}

	public final TargetSource getTargetSource(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
		AbstractBeanFactoryBasedTargetSource targetSource =
				createBeanFactoryBasedTargetSource(beanClass, beanName);
		
		// 創建完targetSource后就移除掉AopInfrastructureBean型別的BeanPostProcessor物件,如AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator
		DefaultListableBeanFactory internalBeanFactory = getInternalBeanFactoryForBean(beanName);

		......
		return targetSource;
	}

至此,關于TargetSource介面擴展的原理就搞明白了,

總結

本篇篇幅比較長,主要搞明白Spring代理物件是如何創建的以及AOP鏈式呼叫程序,而后面的擴展則是對AOP以及Bean創建程序中一些疑惑的補充,可根據實際情況學習掌握,

轉載請註明出處,本文鏈接:https://www.uj5u.com/houduan/156481.html

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