Spring的簡單使用

我的第一個Spring程式

本專案是基于Mavan創建. 

1.創建專案

java包需要Sources Root

resurose包需要Resources Root

test包需要Test Sources Root

pom.xml匯入依賴

<dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
 <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

2.在dao包下創建SpringDao介面

/**
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author Charon <[email protected]>
 * @create 2020-11-05-23:32
 * @Version 1.0.0
 */
public interface SpringDao {
    public void firstDome();
}

 3.在dao包下創建介面的實作類SpringDaoImpl

**
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author Charon <[email protected]>
 * @create 2020-11-05-23:34
 * @Version 1.0.0
 */
public class SpringDaoImpl implements SpringDao{
    @Override
    public void firstDome() {
        System.out.println("hello spring");
    }
}

 4.在resurose包下創建Spring的組態檔ApplicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd">

    <!--
        由Spring容器創建這個類的實體；
        物件的名稱一般對應到id屬性；
        class類似于new   后面的類名：全限定包名，一般不能寫介面和抽象類
        -->
    <bean id="springDome1" class="com.charon.dao.SpringDaoImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="springDome2" class="com.charon.dao.SpringDaoImpl"></bean>
</beans>

5.在test包下創建SprinTest

package com.test;

import com.charon.dao.SpringDao;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author Charon <[email protected]>
 * @create 2020-11-05-23:38
 * @Version 1.0.0
 */
public class SpringTest {

    /**
     * 第一種獲取實體方法:
     *        使用ApplicationContext獲取bean實體
     *
     *   根據bean的id獲取bean的實體，如果定義了2個bean不會報錯
     */
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //定義Spring組態檔的位置
        String xmlPath = "ApplicationContext.xml";
        //初始化Spring組態檔，加載組態檔
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        //通過容器獲取SpringDaoImpl實體
        SpringDao springDome = (SpringDao) applicationContext.getBean("springDome2");
        //呼叫SpringDao中的方法
        springDome.firstDome();
    }


    /**
     * 第二種獲方法：
     *    通過BeanFactory獲取bean的實體
     *
     *   根據bean的id獲取bean的實體，如果定義了2個bean不會報錯
     */
    @Test
    public void test1(){
        //定義Spring組態檔的位置
        String xmlPath = "ApplicationContext.xml";
        //決議組態檔
        Resource resource =new ClassPathResource(xmlPath);
        //獲取BeanFactory
        BeanFactory beanFactory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);
        //通過bean的id獲取bean物件
        SpringDao springDao = (SpringDao) beanFactory.getBean("springDome1");
        //呼叫SpringDao中的方法
        springDao.firstDome();
    }

    /**
     * 第三種獲方法：
     *    通過BeanFactory獲取bean的實體
     *
     *   根據bean的id獲取bean的實體，如果定義了2個bean不會報錯
     */
    @Test
    public void test2(){
        //定義Spring組態檔的位置
        String xmlPath = "ApplicationContext.xml";
        //決議組態檔
        Resource resource = new ClassPathResource(xmlPath);
        //獲取BeanFactory 
        BeanFactory beanFactory =new XmlBeanFactory(resource);
        //通過bean的id獲取實體
        SpringDao springDome1 = beanFactory.getBean("springDome1", SpringDao.class);
        //呼叫方法
        springDome1.firstDome();
    }
}

 專案結構展示

6.運行結果

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