python小專案--資訊管理系統---新手實踐

一，功能簡介

除最基本的增，刪，改，查，多加了一個匯出為excel表格的功能，比較適合剛學完python練習基本語言用，代碼中大部分都是使用基本語法來處理資料，

新建和查看

搜索時，界面確實不怎么美觀，家庭住址這一欄也直接到了下一行，時間原因，也懶得修改了，

修改：
先選擇要修改的資訊

改動：

資訊覆寫：

洗掉和修改的界面幾乎一樣一個多選的對話框，這里不展示了，
匯出表格：其中C:/Users/acer/Desktop/資訊.xlsx為默認路徑，選擇匯出功能時會自動填入

二，代碼

個人小白，python學的比較淺，GUI也是用的自帶模塊easygui
運行時會生成名為employee_date.json的檔案來存盤資訊
main.py：

import easygui
import function as fun
while True:
    main_menu = easygui.buttonbox('\t\t\t\t選單界面', title='資訊管理系統',
                                  choices=['新建資訊', '查看所有資訊',
                                           '搜索資訊', '修改資訊', '洗掉資訊',
                                           '匯出為excel表格'])
    if main_menu == '新建資訊':
        try:
            fun.new_employee()
        except FileNotFoundError:
            fun.new_filename()
    elif main_menu == '查看所有資訊':
        try:
            fun.data_all()
        except FileNotFoundError:
            fun.tip_not_found_file()
    elif main_menu == '修改資訊':
        try:
            fun.modify_employee()
        except FileNotFoundError:
            fun.tip_not_found_file()
    elif main_menu == '洗掉資訊':
        try:
            fun.del_data()
        except ValueError:
            fun.del_data2()
        except FileNotFoundError:
            fun.tip_not_found_file()
    elif main_menu == '搜索資訊':
        try:
            fun.search_data()
        except FileNotFoundError:
            fun.tip_not_found_file()
    elif main_menu == '匯出為excel表格':
        try:
            fun.export_to_excel()
        except FileNotFoundError:
            fun.tip_not_found_file()
    elif main_menu == None:
        break

function.py:

import json
import openpyxl
import easygui
import os
list_employee = []
filename = 'employee_date.json'


def new_filename():
    employee = new_tools1()
    if employee == None:
        return
    tem_list = []
    tem_list.append(employee)
    with open(filename, 'w') as f:
        json.dump(tem_list, f, indent=4)
        f.close()
    easygui.msgbox(msg='Add success', title='tip', ok_button='回傳')


def new_employee():
    with open(filename) as f:
        list_employee = json.load(f)
        f.close()
    employee = new_tools1()
    if employee == None:
        return
    with open(filename) as f:
        list_employee = json.load(f)
        list_employee.append(employee)
        f.close()
    with open(filename, 'w') as f:
        json.dump(list_employee, f, indent=4)
        f.close()
    easygui.msgbox(msg='Add success', title='tip', ok_button='回傳')


def new_tools1():
    menu1 = easygui.multenterbox('新建資訊', '新建資訊功能',
                                 ['姓名', '性別(男/女)', '聯系方式', '家庭住址'])
    if menu1 == None:
        return menu1
    while len(menu1[1]) != 1 or len(menu1[2]) != 11 or not menu1[2].isdigit():
        menu1 = easygui.multenterbox('格式有誤！重新輸入', '新建資訊功能',
                                     ['姓名', '性別（男/女）', '聯系方式', '家庭住址'])
        if menu1 == None:
            return menu1
    employee = {
        'name': menu1[0],
        'gender': menu1[1],
        'phone': menu1[2],
        'address': menu1[3]
    }
    return employee


def data_all(w=True):
    with open(filename) as f:
        data = json.load(f)
        f.close()
    if len(data) == 0:
        easygui.msgbox('NOT FOUND MESSAGES!')
        return 1
    value = ['姓名', '性別', '聯系方式', '家庭住址']
    i = 0
    while i < len(data):
        for v in data[i].values():
            value.append(v)
        i = i+1
    val_p = ''
    for a in range(len(value)):
        val_p += str(value[a])+'\t\t'
        if a % 4 == 3:
            val_p += '\n'
    if w == False:
        return val_p
    easygui.msgbox(val_p, title='全部資訊')


def export_to_excel():
    # 定義要寫入的行和列的值
    with open(filename) as f:
        list_employee = json.load(f)
            # 定義excel的sheet_name  "xlsx格式測驗表 "
        f.close()
    workbook = openpyxl.Workbook()
    sheet = workbook.active
    sheet_name = "xlsx格式表"
    sheet.title = sheet_name
    path = 'C:/Users/acer/Desktop/資訊.xlsx'
    path = easygui.enterbox('匯出路徑', title='選擇路徑', default=path)
    if path == None:
        return
    temporary_val_k = ['姓名', '性別', '聯系方式', '家庭住址']
    for a in range(0, len(temporary_val_k)):
        sheet.cell(row=1, column=a+1, value=temporary_val_k[a])     #列印表頭
    i = 0
    while i < len(list_employee):    #0~len(list)   i：0~4
        temporary_val = []
        for val in list_employee[i].values():     #list_employee is a list ,每個值為字典
            temporary_val.append(val)   #此時temporary_val 是串列，有四個值
        for j in range(len(temporary_val)):
            sheet.cell(i+2, j+1, temporary_val[j])
        i = i+1
    workbook.save(path)
    easygui.msgbox(msg='匯出成功', title='tip')


def search_data():
    val_p = data_all(w=False)
    if val_p == 1:
        return
    find_data = easygui.enterbox(val_p,
                                 title='資訊搜索')
    if find_data == None:
        return
    with open(filename) as f:
        list_employee = json.load(f)
        f.close()
    value = ['姓名', '性別', '聯系方式', '家庭住址']
    i = len(value)
    s = ''
    for category in ['name', 'gender', 'phone', 'address']:
        for dict_employee in list_employee:
            if find_data in dict_employee[category]:
                for element in dict_employee.values():
                    value.append(element)
    if len(value) == 4:
        value.append('NOT FOUND!!')
    for a in range(len(value)):
        s += value[a]+'\t\t'
        if a%i == 3:
            s += '\n'
    easygui.msgbox(msg=s, title='資訊檢索', ok_button='回傳')


def del_data():
    tem = del_mod(m='選擇要洗掉的資訊', t='選擇洗掉資訊')
    if tem == None:
        return
    for t in range(len(tem)):
        num = ''.join([x for x in tem[t] if x.isdigit()])
        with open(filename) as f:
            list_employee = json.load(f)
            for employee in list_employee:
                if employee['phone'] == num:
                    list_employee.remove(employee)
            f.close()
        with open(filename, 'w') as f:
            json.dump(list_employee, f, indent=4)
            f.close()
    message = '成功洗掉：\n'
    for a in range(len(tem)):
        message += tem[a]+'\n'
    easygui.msgbox(message, title='tip')


def del_data2():    #解決只有一個資訊時的洗掉錯誤
    with open(filename) as f:
        list_employee = json.load(f)
        f.close()
    a = '成功洗掉：\n'
    for a_p in list_employee[0].values():
        a += a_p
    os.remove(filename)
    easygui.msgbox(a, title='tip')


def modify_employee():
    with open(filename) as f:
        list_employee = json.load(f)
        f.close()
    list_tem = []
    value = ['姓名', '性別', '聯系方式', '家庭住址']
    tem = del_mod(m='選擇要修改的資訊', t='修改資訊')  #tem is a list
    if tem == None:
        return
    for d in tem:
        for n in range(len(d)):
            t = d[n]
            if t == '男' or t == '女':    #別問為什么要用中間變數t，直接用d[n]不是更簡單嗎？直接用d[n]不行，不是預期結果
                list_tem.append(d[:n].strip())
                list_tem.append(d[n])
                list_tem.append(d[n+3:n+14])
                list_tem.append(d[n+14:].strip())
    num_list = get_subscript(list_tem)     #若選擇要修改的人員資訊有兩個，此時list_tem == 8,num_list存盤要修改資訊的下標
    list_tem_a = []
    record = 0
    for a in range(len(list_tem)):  #run twice
        list_tem_a.append(list_tem[a])  #給list_tem_a添加list_tem,當加入四個時說明為一個人的資訊
        if a % len(value) == len(value)-1:  #if a%4 == 3
            ret = easygui.multenterbox('', '資訊修改', value, list_tem_a)
            if ret == None:
                return
            while len(ret[1]) != 1 or len(ret[2]) != 11 or not ret[2].isdigit():
                ret = easygui.multenterbox('格式有誤', '資訊修改', value, list_tem_a)   #ret 回傳修改過的資訊
                if ret == None:
                    return
            list_employee[num_list[record]]['name'] = ret[0]
            list_employee[num_list[record]]['gender'] = ret[1]
            list_employee[num_list[record]]['phone'] = ret[2]
            list_employee[num_list[record]]['address'] = ret[3]
            record = record + 1
            list_tem_a = []
    with open(filename, 'w') as f:
        json.dump(list_employee, f, indent=4)
        f.close()
    easygui.msgbox('修改成功', title='tip')


def get_subscript(list_tem):
    num_list = []
    with open(filename) as f:
        list_employee = json.load(f)
        f.close()
    for n in range(len(list_tem)):
        if n%4 == 2:
            #list_tem[n] == phone
            for num in range(len(list_employee)):
                if list_employee[num]['phone'] == list_tem[n]:
                    num_list.append(num)
    return num_list


def del_mod(m, t):
    i = 0
    s = ''
    val_p = []
    value = []
    with open(filename) as f:
        data = json.load(f)
        f.close()
    a = data
    if len(data) == 0:
        easygui.msgbox('NOT FOUND MESSAGES!')
        return
    while i < len(data):
        for v in data[i].values():
            value.append(str(v) + '  ')
        i = i + 1
    for i in range(len(value)):
        s += value[i]
        if i % 4 == 3:
            val_p.append(s)
            s = ''
    if len(a) == 1:
        return val_p
    tem = easygui.multchoicebox(msg=m, title=t,
                                choices=val_p)
    return tem      #回傳要修改的原值


def tip_not_found_file():
    easygui.msgbox('NOT FOUND MESSAGES!', 'tip')

僅供學習交流！

三，一些廢話

總共不到300行，python的確是一門簡潔的語言，用c的話估計沖著五六百行就去了，python作為輔助語言不錯，但不建議作為第一語言來使用，隱去了很多我們不需要考慮的內容，

主要參考資料：
1，《Python編程從入門到實踐》，人民郵電出版社
2，python簡單圖形界面GUI入門——easygui
https://blog.csdn.net/mingqi1996/article/details/81272621