制作Python數字華容道(可選擇關卡)
由于比賽需要,我這邊制作了一份數字華容道,內含有3,4,5階的數字華容道,開頭在殼視窗內選擇,運用了亂數模塊(random)和圖形化用戶界面(tkinter)
下面是程式完整代碼
# coding:utf-8 #
"""
#============================================================
作者:@Qss
2021年3月20日起草
2021年3月21日完工
2021年3月23日一次優化完成
2021年3月31日完成二次優化(關卡設計)
二次優化待解決漏洞:設計關卡后視窗不能自動顯示,需手動切換
2021年4月1日三次優化完成,成功解決二次優化bug
#============================================================
"""
from random import * #匯入亂數模塊
from tkinter import * #匯入圖形化用戶界面模塊
step_number = 0 #設定步數的變數,初始值為0
difficulty = int(input('請輸入數字華容道列數(3/4/5):'))
def Button_Click_1(x,y): #按鈕點擊事件函式
"""宣告空白按鈕行列號和步數的變數為全域變數"""
global row_of_space
global col_of_space
global step_number
"""判斷判斷點擊按鈕旁是否為空白按鈕,是則交換位置"""
if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:
step_number += 1 #將步數賦值
label_step_number['text'] = '步數:' + str(step_number) #將步數變數匯入label控制元件
"""交換按鈕位置"""
buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
buttons[x,y]['text'] = ' '
row_of_space = x
col_of_space = y
n = 0
for row in range(3):
for col in range(3):
"""對比所有按鈕序列是否正確,不正確則跳出函式"""
if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:
return
n += 1
"""所有按鈕判斷完畢贏得游戲勝利"""
label_welcomes['text'] = '你贏了'
def Button_Click_2(x,y): #按鈕點擊事件函式
"""宣告空白按鈕行列號和步數的變數為全域變數"""
global row_of_space
global col_of_space
global step_number
"""判斷判斷點擊按鈕旁是否為空白按鈕,是則交換位置"""
if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:
step_number += 1 #將步數賦值
label_step_number['text'] = '步數:' + str(step_number) #將步數變數匯入label控制元件
"""交換按鈕位置"""
buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
buttons[x,y]['text'] = ' '
row_of_space = x
col_of_space = y
n = 0
for row in range(4):
for col in range(4):
"""對比所有按鈕序列是否正確,不正確則跳出函式"""
if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:
return
n += 1
"""所有按鈕判斷完畢贏得游戲勝利"""
label_welcomes['text'] = '你贏了'
def Button_Click_3(x,y): #按鈕點擊事件函式
"""宣告空白按鈕行列號和步數的變數為全域變數"""
global row_of_space
global col_of_space
global step_number
"""判斷判斷點擊按鈕旁是否為空白按鈕,是則交換位置"""
if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:
step_number += 1 #將步數賦值
label_step_number['text'] = '步數:' + str(step_number) #將步數變數匯入label控制元件
"""交換按鈕位置"""
buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
buttons[x,y]['text'] = ' '
row_of_space = x
col_of_space = y
n = 0
for row in range(5):
for col in range(5):
"""對比所有按鈕序列是否正確,不正確則跳出函式"""
if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:
return
n += 1
"""所有按鈕判斷完畢贏得游戲勝利"""
label_welcomes['text'] = '你贏了'
"""創建華容道游戲視窗"""
root = Tk() #創建圖形化用戶界面實體
root.title('數字華容道') #設定視窗標題
root.geometry("400x400") #將視窗大小設為高300寬300
root.configure(bg = 'black') #將視窗背景設為黑色
root.resizable(width = False,height = False) #設定視窗為不可拉伸
"""設定歡迎語的label控制元件"""
label_welcomes = Label(root,text = '歡迎來到數字華容道',bg = 'black',fg = 'red',font = ("Arial",13)) #設定label控制元件的屬性
label_welcomes.place(x = 20,y = 10,width = 250,height = 40) #設定label控制元件位置
"""設定顯示操作方式的label控制元件"""
label_operation = Label(root,text = '單擊數字',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation.place(x = 3,y = 40,width = 50,height = 30)
label_operation_2 = Label(root,text = '移動方塊',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation_2.place(x = 3,y = 60,width = 50,height = 30)
"""設定顯示步數的label控制元件"""
label_step_number = Label(root,text = '步數:' + str(step_number),bg = 'black',fg = 'yellow',font = ("Arial",10))
label_step_number.place(x = 3,y = 20,width = 50,height = 30)
if difficulty == 3:
root.attributes("-topmost", True)
row_of_space = 0 #存放空白按鈕的行號
col_of_space = 0 #存放空白按鈕的列號
buttons = {} #存放數字按鈕的陣列
numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8',' '] #所有數字文本的串列
shuffle(numbers) #打亂數字串列中的數字順序
"""制造數字華容道方陣"""
for row in range(3):
for col in range(3):
"""創建數字按鈕,并將行列號傳入該按鈕的點擊事件函式"""
button = Button(root,command = lambda x = row,y = col:Button_Click_1(x,y),bg = 'black',fg = 'green',font = ("Arial",35))
buttons[row,col] = button #將按鈕匯入陣列
button['text'] = numbers.pop() #設定按鈕上的文本
button.place(x = 60 + col * 60,y = 60 + row * 60,width = 50,height = 50) #設定數字按鈕大小
if button['text'] == ' ': #判斷是否為空白按鈕,如果是,則記錄到空白按鈕行列號變數
row_of_space = row
col_of_space = col
numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8',' '] #還原數字串列
root.mainloop() #顯示視窗
elif difficulty == 4:
root.attributes("-topmost", True)
row_of_space = 0 #存放空白按鈕的行號
col_of_space = 0 #存放空白按鈕的列號
buttons = {} #存放數字按鈕的陣列
numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15',' '] #所有數字文本的串列
shuffle(numbers) #打亂數字串列中的數字順序
"""制造數字華容道方陣"""
for row in range(4):
for col in range(4):
"""創建數字按鈕,并將行列號傳入該按鈕的點擊事件函式"""
button = Button(root,command = lambda x = row,y = col:Button_Click_2(x,y),bg = 'black',fg = 'green',font = ("Arial",35))
buttons[row,col] = button #將按鈕匯入陣列
button['text'] = numbers.pop() #設定按鈕上的文本
button.place(x = 60 + col * 60,y = 60 + row * 60,width = 50,height = 50) #設定數字按鈕大小
if button['text'] == ' ': #判斷是否為空白按鈕,如果是,則記錄到空白按鈕行列號變數
row_of_space = row
col_of_space = col
numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15',' '] #還原數字串列
root.mainloop() #顯示視窗
elif difficulty == 5:
root.attributes("-topmost", True)
row_of_space = 0 #存放空白按鈕的行號
col_of_space = 0 #存放空白按鈕的列號
buttons = {} #存放數字按鈕的陣列
numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20','21','22','23','24',' '] #所有數字文本的串列
shuffle(numbers) #打亂數字串列中的數字順序
for row in range(5):
for col in range(5):
"""創建數字按鈕,并將行列號傳入該按鈕的點擊事件函式"""
button = Button(root,command = lambda x = row,y = col:Button_Click_3(x,y),bg = 'black',fg = 'green',font = ("Arial",35))
buttons[row,col] = button #將按鈕匯入陣列
button['text'] = numbers.pop() #設定按鈕上的文本
button.place(x = 60 + col * 60,y = 60 + row * 60,width = 50,height = 50) #設定數字按鈕大小
if button['text'] == ' ': #判斷是否為空白按鈕,如果是,則記錄到空白按鈕行列號變數
row_of_space = row
col_of_space = col
numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20','21','22','23','24',' '] #還原數字串列
root.mainloop() #顯示視窗
else:
print('未完成此類關卡')
下面是程式運行結果
三階華容道加勝利


四階華容道加勝利


五階就不傳了,都一樣
接下來說一下代碼原理
首先看下這一段
def Button_Click_1(x,y): #按鈕點擊事件函式
"""宣告空白按鈕行列號和步數的變數為全域變數"""
global row_of_space
global col_of_space
global step_number
"""判斷判斷點擊按鈕旁是否為空白按鈕,是則交換位置"""
if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:
step_number += 1 #將步數賦值
label_step_number['text'] = '步數:' + str(step_number) #將步數變數匯入label控制元件
"""交換按鈕位置"""
buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
buttons[x,y]['text'] = ' '
row_of_space = x
col_of_space = y
n = 0
for row in range(3):
for col in range(3):
"""對比所有按鈕序列是否正確,不正確則跳出函式"""
if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:
return
n += 1
"""所有按鈕判斷完畢贏得游戲勝利"""
label_welcomes['text'] = '你贏了'
這段是自定義了三個按鈕的點擊事件函式,不過三個都差不多,就是range后面的數字換了(應對不同的階級),這個函式在注釋上已經寫明了,是判斷點擊按鈕旁是否有空白按鈕的,有則交換位置,后面運用回圈嵌套對比序列中的數字和矩陣上的是否一一對應,不對應就跳出回圈,對應則判定為贏得游戲,
"""創建華容道游戲視窗"""
root = Tk() #創建圖形化用戶界面實體
root.title('數字華容道') #設定視窗標題
root.geometry("400x400") #將視窗大小設為高300寬300
root.configure(bg = 'black') #將視窗背景設為黑色
root.resizable(width = False,height = False) #設定視窗為不可拉伸
"""設定歡迎語的label控制元件"""
label_welcomes = Label(root,text = '歡迎來到數字華容道',bg = 'black',fg = 'red',font = ("Arial",13)) #設定label控制元件的屬性
label_welcomes.place(x = 20,y = 10,width = 250,height = 40) #設定label控制元件位置
"""設定顯示操作方式的label控制元件"""
label_operation = Label(root,text = '單擊數字',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation.place(x = 3,y = 40,width = 50,height = 30)
label_operation_2 = Label(root,text = '移動方塊',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation_2.place(x = 3,y = 60,width = 50,height = 30)
"""設定顯示步數的label控制元件"""
label_step_number = Label(root,text = '步數:' + str(step_number),bg = 'black',fg = 'yellow',font = ("Arial",10))
label_step_number.place(x = 3,y = 20,width = 50,height = 30)
這一段創建了圖形化用戶界面,具體每行代碼做什么用的注釋上我都標清楚了,
接著說一下,由于時間有限,只做了在殼視窗內選擇幾階級數字華容道的版本,是用輸入數字來判定的,其他的都是些簡單玩意,比如說按鈕創建,呼叫函式和回圈嵌套,代碼的注釋上都寫了一些大概意思,有點tkinter基礎的應該都能看懂,不會的可以問我,
本文為作者第一篇博客,麻煩有不好的地方見諒一下,謝謝!
轉載請註明出處,本文鏈接:https://www.uj5u.com/houduan/273243.html
標籤:python
上一篇:python筆記整理
