我們實作匯入/匯出excel的第三方常用類別庫有 Apache poi、Java Excel（JXL）和阿里開源的 Easyexcel 等，我比較傾向使用Easyexcel，原因有兩點：
1、性能強，有大量的資料去處理時，poi和jxl記憶體消耗比較大,可能造成記憶體溢位，
2、上手簡單，poi是比較容易理解的，但是操作起來麻煩，比如我上一篇的“poi匯入匯出完整實作 包含工具類”，為了簡單實作，代碼寫了好多，而easyexcel可以自己處理資料，樣式也比較好調整，
如果你想更詳細的學習easyexcel建議看官方檔案
官方api.
官方示例.
easyexcel github 地址.
easyexcel匯出
1、加入依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
2、撰寫控制層
@GetMapping("/export")
@ResponseBody
public boolean export(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) {
boolean exportResult = testService.findInfo(response, request);
return exportResult;
}
3、撰寫實作層和匯出物體類
boolean findInfo(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request);
@Override
public boolean findInfo(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) {
try {
List<Map<String, String>> dataList = new ArrayList<>();
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("id", "1");
map.put("name", "測驗");
map.put("phone", "測驗");
map.put("address", "測驗");
map.put("enrolDate", "2021-12-11");
map.put("des", "測驗");
Map<String, String> map1 = new HashMap<>();
map1.put("id", "2");
map1.put("name", "測驗1");
map1.put("phone", "測驗1");
map1.put("address", "測驗1");
map1.put("enrolDate", "2021-12-12");
map1.put("des", "測驗1");
dataList.add(map);
dataList.add(map1);
List<TestBo> boList = dataList.stream().filter(Objects::nonNull)
.map(s -> TestBo.builder()
.id(Integer.valueOf(s.get("id")))
.name(s.get("name"))
.phone(s.get("phone"))
.address(s.get("address"))
.enrolDate(s.get("enrolDate"))
.des(s.get("des"))
.build()).collect(Collectors.toList());
//匯出檔案名稱
String fileName = URLEncoder.encode("測驗用戶匯出資料", "utf-8");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".xlsx");
EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream(), TestBo.class).sheet("用戶匯出資料").doWrite(boList);
return true;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Builder
/**設定 row 高度，不包含表頭*/
@ContentRowHeight(25)
/**設定 表頭 高度（與 @ContentRowHeight 相反）*/
@HeadRowHeight(25)
/**設定列寬*/
@ColumnWidth(25)
@Accessors(chain = true)
public class TestBo {
/**設定表頭資訊*/
@ExcelProperty("id")
private Integer id;
@ExcelProperty("姓名")
private String name;
@ExcelProperty("電話")
private String phone;
@ExcelProperty("地址")
private String address;
@ExcelProperty("時間")
private String enrolDate;
@ExcelProperty("備注")
private String des;
}
1
4、完成測驗
easyexcel匯入
1、撰寫控制層
@PostMapping(value = "https://www.cnblogs.com/importExcel")
@ResponseBody
public boolean importExcel(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
return testService.importData(file);
}
2、撰寫實作層和物體類
boolean importData(MultipartFile file);
@Override
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public boolean importData(MultipartFile file) {
try {
List<Object> objectList =ExcelUtil.readMoreThan1000RowBySheetFromInputStream(file.getInputStream(),null,TestPo.class);
List<TestPo> poList=new ArrayList<>();
for (Object object:objectList) {
System.out.println(object);
TestPo po=new TestPo();
List<String> srtList= (List<String>) object;
po.setId(srtList.get(0)!=null?srtList.get(0).toString():"");
po.setName(srtList.get(1)!=null?srtList.get(1).toString():"");
po.setPhone(srtList.get(2)!=null?srtList.get(2).toString():"");
po.setAddress(srtList.get(3)!=null?srtList.get(3).toString():"");
po.setEnrolDate(srtList.get(4)!=null?srtList.get(4).toString():"");
po.setDes(srtList.get(5)!=null?srtList.get(5).toString():"");
poList.add(po);
}
return testDao.saveBatch(poList);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
//物體類
@Data
public class TestPo {
private String id;
private String name;
private String phone;
private String address;
private String enrolDate;
private String des;
}
實際開發業務不同入庫方法我就不提供了，提供匯入工具類
package com.example.mydemo1.util;
import com.alibaba.excel.context.AnalysisContext;
import com.alibaba.excel.event.AnalysisEventListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 決議監聽器，
* 每決議一行會回呼invoke()方法，
* 整個excel決議結束會執行doAfterAllAnalysed()方法
* @className ExcelListener
* @description easyexcel
* @date 2021/3/26 11:14
*/
public class ExcelListener<T> extends AnalysisEventListener<T> {
private List<T> datas = new ArrayList<T>();
public List<T> getDatas() {
return datas;
}
public void setDatas(List<T> datas) {
this.datas = datas;
}
/**
* 逐行決議
* object : 當前行的資料
*/
@Override
public void invoke(T object, AnalysisContext context) {
datas.add(object);
//當前行
// context.getCurrentRowNum()
/*if (object != null) {
datas.add((T) object);
}*/
}
/**
* 決議完所有資料后會呼叫該方法
*/
@Override
public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext context) {
//決議結束銷毀不用的資源
}
}
//=============================================
package com.example.mydemo1.util;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Sheet;
import lombok.Data;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @className MultipleSheelPropety
* @description easyexcel
* @date 2021/3/26 11:15
*/
@Data
public class MultipleSheelPropety {
private List<? extends BaseRowModel> data;
private Sheet sheet;
}
//=============================================
package com.example.mydemo1.util;
import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcelFactory;
import com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Sheet;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.collections.CollectionUtils;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @className ExcelUtil
* @description easyexcel工具類
* @date 2021/3/26 11:10
*/
@Slf4j
public class ExcelUtil {
private static Sheet initSheet;
static {
initSheet = new Sheet(1, 0);
initSheet.setSheetName("sheet");
//設定自適應寬度
initSheet.setAutoWidth(Boolean.TRUE);
}
public static void downLoadExcel(String fileName, HttpServletResponse response, Workbook workbook) {
try {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/octet-stream;charset=utf-8");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());
} catch (IOException e) {
// throw new NormalException(e.getMessage());
}
}
/**
* 讀取少于1000行資料
*
* @param filePath 檔案絕對路徑
* @return
*/
public static List<Object> readLessThan1000Row(String filePath) {
return readLessThan1000RowBySheet(filePath, null);
}
/**
* 讀小于1000行資料, 帶樣式
* filePath 檔案絕對路徑
* initSheet ：
* sheetNo: sheet頁碼，默認為1
* headLineMun: 從第幾行開始讀取資料，默認為0, 表示從第一行開始讀取
* clazz: 回傳資料List<Object> 中Object的類名
*/
public static List<Object> readLessThan1000RowBySheet(String filePath, Sheet sheet) {
if (!StringUtils.hasText(filePath)) {
return null;
}
sheet = sheet != null ? sheet : initSheet;
InputStream fileStream = null;
try {
fileStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
return EasyExcelFactory.read(fileStream, sheet);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
log.info("找不到檔案或檔案路徑錯誤, 檔案：{}", filePath);
} finally {
try {
if (fileStream != null) {
fileStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.info("excel檔案讀取失敗, 失敗原因：{}", e);
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* 讀大于1000行資料
*
* @param filePath 檔案覺得路徑
* @return
*/
public static List<Object> readMoreThan1000Row(String filePath) {
return readMoreThan1000RowBySheet(filePath, null);
}
/**
* 讀大于1000行資料, 帶樣式
*
* @param filePath 檔案覺得路徑
* @return
*/
public static List<Object> readMoreThan1000RowBySheet(String filePath, Sheet sheet) {
if (!StringUtils.hasText(filePath)) {
return null;
}
sheet = sheet != null ? sheet : initSheet;
InputStream fileStream = null;
try {
fileStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
ExcelListener excelListener = new ExcelListener();
EasyExcelFactory.readBySax(fileStream, sheet, excelListener);
return excelListener.getDatas();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
log.error("找不到檔案或檔案路徑錯誤, 檔案：{}", filePath);
} finally {
try {
if (fileStream != null) {
fileStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("excel檔案讀取失敗, 失敗原因：{}", e);
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* 讀大于1000行資料, 帶樣式
*
* @return
*/
public static List readMoreThan1000RowBySheetFromInputStream(InputStream inputStream, Sheet sheet,Class clazz) {
sheet = sheet != null ? sheet : initSheet;
InputStream fileStream = null;
ExcelListener excelListener = new ExcelListener();
EasyExcelFactory.readBySax(inputStream, sheet, excelListener);
/* ExcelReaderBuilder excelReaderBuilder=EasyExcelFactory.read(inputStream,clazz,excelListener);*/
return excelListener.getDatas();
}
/**
* 生成excle
*
* @param filePath 絕對路徑
* @param data 資料源
* @param head 表頭
*/
public static void writeBySimple(String filePath, List<List<Object>> data, List<String> head) {
writeSimpleBySheet(filePath, data, head, null);
}
/**
* 生成excle
*
* @param filePath 路徑
* @param data 資料源
* @param sheet excle頁面樣式
* @param head 表頭
*/
public static void writeSimpleBySheet(String filePath, List<List<Object>> data, List<String> head, Sheet sheet) {
sheet = (sheet != null) ? sheet : initSheet;
if (head != null) {
List<List<String>> list = new ArrayList<>();
head.forEach(h -> list.add(Collections.singletonList(h)));
sheet.setHead(list);
}
OutputStream outputStream = null;
ExcelWriter writer = null;
try {
outputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
writer = EasyExcelFactory.getWriter(outputStream);
writer.write1(data, sheet);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
log.error("找不到檔案或檔案路徑錯誤, 檔案：{}", filePath);
} finally {
try {
if (writer != null) {
writer.finish();
}
if (outputStream != null) {
outputStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("excel檔案匯出失敗, 失敗原因：{}", e);
}
}
}
/**
* 生成excle
*
* @param filePath 路徑
* @param data 資料源
*/
public static void writeWithTemplate(String filePath, List<? extends BaseRowModel> data) {
writeWithTemplateAndSheet(filePath, data, null);
}
/**
* 生成excle
*
* @param filePath 路徑
* @param data 資料源
* @param sheet excle頁面樣式
*/
public static void writeWithTemplateAndSheet(String filePath, List<? extends BaseRowModel> data, Sheet sheet) {
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(data)) {
return;
}
sheet = (sheet != null) ? sheet : initSheet;
sheet.setClazz(data.get(0).getClass());
OutputStream outputStream = null;
ExcelWriter writer = null;
try {
outputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
writer = EasyExcelFactory.getWriter(outputStream);
writer.write(data, sheet);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
log.error("找不到檔案或檔案路徑錯誤, 檔案：{}", filePath);
} finally {
try {
if (writer != null) {
writer.finish();
}
if (outputStream != null) {
outputStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("excel檔案匯出失敗, 失敗原因：{}", e);
}
}
}
/**
* 生成多Sheet的excle
*
* @param filePath 路徑
* @param multipleSheelPropetys
*/
public static void writeWithMultipleSheel(String filePath, List<MultipleSheelPropety> multipleSheelPropetys) {
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(multipleSheelPropetys)) {
return;
}
OutputStream outputStream = null;
ExcelWriter writer = null;
try {
outputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
writer = EasyExcelFactory.getWriter(outputStream);
for (MultipleSheelPropety multipleSheelPropety : multipleSheelPropetys) {
Sheet sheet = multipleSheelPropety.getSheet() != null ? multipleSheelPropety.getSheet() : initSheet;
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(multipleSheelPropety.getData())) {
sheet.setClazz(multipleSheelPropety.getData().get(0).getClass());
}
writer.write(multipleSheelPropety.getData(), sheet);
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
log.error("找不到檔案或檔案路徑錯誤, 檔案：{}", filePath);
} finally {
try {
if (writer != null) {
writer.finish();
}
if (outputStream != null) {
outputStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("excel檔案匯出失敗, 失敗原因：{}", e);
}
}
}
}
3、準備匯入檔案
本文中沒有對匯入檔案做錯誤校驗，建議在實際開發中為用戶提供匯入模板，可以減少錯誤的出現，
4、使用postman測驗
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