僅需6道題輕松掌握Python時間和日期處理 | Python技能樹征題

0.前言

時間和日期處理，是許多應用程式中繞不開的問題，例如日期與時間的轉換、判斷給定日期是周期等等問題，為了方便的處理上述問題，Python 中內建的許多標準庫(例如 time、datetime 等)進行相關處理，接下來我們就通過 5 道編程題來掌握這些處理時間和日期的方法吧！

1. 第 1 題：時間單位轉換

知識點描述：時間轉換,比如天到秒,小時到分鐘等的轉換，
問題描述：請從以下選項中選出能夠將 3 天 6 小時 30 分 轉化為秒的程式：
A.

from datetime import timedelta
days = 3
hours = 6
minutes = 30
result = timedelta(days=days, hours=hours, minutes=minutes).seconds
print(result)

B.

from datetime import timedelta
days = 3
hours = 6
minutes = 30
result = timedelta(days=days, hours=hours, minutes=minutes).total_seconds
print(result)

C.

from datetime import timedelta
days = 3
hours = 6
minutes = 30
result = timedelta(days=days, hours=hours, minutes=minutes).microseconds
print(result)

D.

from datetime import timedelta
days = 3
hours = 6
minutes = 30
result = timedelta(days=days, hours=hours, minutes=minutes).microseconds / 1000
print(result)

正確答案： A

2. 第 2 題：日期與時間運算

知識點描述：日期和時間處理問題，
問題描述：請從以下選項中選出能夠計算日期間相隔天數的答案：
A.

from datetime import datetime
day_1 = datetime(2018,1,1)
day_2 = datetime(2021,10,4)
result = (day_1 - day_2).days
print(result)

B.

from datetime import datetime
day_1 = datetime(2018,1,1)
day_2 = datetime(2021,10,4)
result = (day_2 - day_1).days
print(result)

C.

from datetime import datetime
day_1 = datetime(2018,1,1)
day_2 = datetime(2021,10,4)
result = day_1 - day_2
print(result)

D.

from datetime import datetime
day_1 = datetime(2018,1,1)
day_2 = datetime(2021,10,4)
result = day_2 - day_1
print(result)

正確答案： B

3. 第 3 題：查找指定日期的后一個周日的日期

知識點描述：查找指定日期下一次星期日期出現的日期，比如 2021 年 10 月 3 日 的下一個星期日，
問題描述：計算 2021 年 10 月 3 日后一個星期日的日期，請從以下選項中選出你認為正確的答案：
A.

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
date = datetime(2021, 10, 3)
weekdays = ['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday', 'Sunday']
def get_day(dayname, date):
    day_num = date.weekday()
    day_num_target = weekdays.index(dayname)
    days_ago = (7 + day_num - day_num_target) % 7
    target_date = date + timedelta(days_ago)
    return target_date
result = get_day('Sunday', date)
print(result)

B.

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
date = datetime(2021, 10, 3)
weekdays = ['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday', 'Sunday']
def get_day(dayname, date):
    day_num = date.weekday()
    day_num_target = weekdays.index(dayname)
    days_ago = (7 + day_num - day_num_target) / 7
    if days_ago == 0:
        days_ago = 7
    target_date = date + timedelta(days_ago)
    return target_date
result = get_day('Sunday', date)
print(result)

C.

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
date = datetime(2021, 10, 3)
weekdays = ['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday', 'Sunday']
def get_day(dayname, date):
    day_num = date.weekday()
    day_num_target = weekdays.index(dayname)
    days_ago = (7 + day_num - day_num_target) // 7
    if days_ago == 0:
        days_ago = 7
    target_date = date + timedelta(days_ago)
    return target_date
result = get_day('Sunday', date)
print(result)

D.

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
date = datetime(2021, 10, 3)
weekdays = ['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday', 'Sunday']
def get_day(dayname, date):
    day_num = date.weekday()
    day_num_target = weekdays.index(dayname)
    days_ago = (7 + day_num - day_num_target) % 7
    if days_ago == 0:
        days_ago = 7
    target_date = date + timedelta(days_ago)
    return target_date
result = get_day('Sunday', date)
print(result)

正確答案： D

4. 第 4 題：計算指定月份的日期范圍

知識點描述：計算指定月份的日期范圍，列印指定月份中所有日期，
問題描述：請從以下選項中選出可以列印出 2021年 10 月份所有日期(日期格式示例如下：2021-10-01)的答案：
A.

from datetime import datetime, date, timedelta
import calendar
def print_month_range(year, month):
    start_date = datetime(year, month, 1)
    _, days_in_date = calendar.monthrange(start_date.year, start_date.month)
    for i in range(days_in_date):
        print(start_date)
        start_date += timedelta(days=i)
print_month_range(2021, 10)

B.

from datetime import datetime, date, timedelta
import calendar
def print_month_range(year, month):
    start_date = datetime(year, month, 1)
    _, days_in_date = calendar.monthrange(start_date.year, start_date.month)
    for i in range(days_in_date):
        next_date = start_date + timedelta(days=i)
        print(next_date)
print_month_range(2021, 10)

C.

from datetime import datetime, date, timedelta
import calendar
def print_month_range(year, month):
    start_date = datetime(year, month, 1)
    _, days_in_date = calendar.monthrange(start_date.year, start_date.month)
    for i in range(days_in_date):
        next_date = start_date + timedelta(days=i)
        print(next_date.date())
print_month_range(2021, 10)

D.

from datetime import datetime, date, timedelta
import calendar
def print_month_range(year, month):
    start_date = datetime(year, month, 1)
    _, days_in_date = calendar.monthrange(start_date.year, start_date.month)
    for i in range(days_in_date+1):
        next_date = start_date + timedelta(days=i)
        print(next_date.date())
print_month_range(2021, 10)

正確答案： C

5. 第 5 題：將字串轉換為日期

知識點描述：將字串轉變為 datetime 物件，以便進行日期操作，
問題描述：請從以下選項中選出能夠正確將字串 “2021-10-03” 轉變為 datetime 物件的程式：
A.

from datetime import datetime
def string_to_datetime(string):
    date_obj = datetime.strptime(string, '%Y%m%d')
    return date_obj
string = '2021-10-03'
result = string_to_datetime(string)
print(result)

B.

from datetime import datetime
def string_to_datetime(string):
    date_obj = datetime.strptime(string, '%Y %m %d')
    return date_obj
string = '2021-10-03'
result = string_to_datetime(string)
print(result)

C.

from datetime import datetime
def string_to_datetime(string):
    date_obj = datetime.strptime(string, '%Y-%M-%D')
    return date_obj
string = '2021-10-03'
result = string_to_datetime(string)
print(result)

D.

from datetime import datetime
def string_to_datetime(string):
    date_obj = datetime.strptime(string, '%Y-%m-%d')
    return date_obj
string = '2021-10-03'
result = string_to_datetime(string)
print(result)

正確答案： D

6. 第 6 題：與時區相關的時間問題

知識點描述：時區間的相互轉換，
問題描述：2019 年 4 月 29 日上午 9 時，2019 北京世界園藝博覽會開園，請問以下哪個程式可以正確計算博覽會開園時芝加哥時間：
A.

from datetime import datetime
from pytz import timezone
beijing = datetime(2019, 4, 29, 9, 0)
central = timezone('Asia/Shanghai')
loc_date = central.localize(beijing)
target_date = loc_date.astimezone(timezone('US/Central'))
print(target_date)

B.

from datetime import datetime
from pytz import timezone
beijing = datetime(2019, 4, 29, 9, 0)
central = timezone('Asia/Shanghai')
loc_date = central.localize(beijing)
target_date = timezone('US/Central')
print(target_date)

C.

from datetime import datetime
from pytz import timezone
beijing = datetime(2019, 4, 29, 9, 0)
central = timezone('Asia/Shanghai')
loc_date = central.localize(beijing)
target_date = central + loc_date.astimezone(timezone('US/Central'))
print(target_date)

D.

from datetime import datetime
from pytz import timezone
beijing = datetime(2019, 4, 29, 9, 0)
central = timezone('Asia/Shanghai')
loc_date = central.localize(beijing)
target_date = loc_date.astimezone(central)
print(target_date)

正確答案：A

試題代碼地址

https://codechina.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611/python_problem