僅需10道題輕松掌握Python檔案處理 | Python技能樹征題

0.前言

所有應用程式都需要處理輸入和輸出，檔案是用于獲取輸入和保存輸出的常用載體，檔案可以是文本檔案、圖片、程式等等，我們就通過 10 道 Python 編程題來掌握解決常見檔案處理問題的方法吧！

1. 第 1 題：檔案路徑名的處理

知識點描述：使用路徑名來獲取檔案名,目錄名,絕對路徑，
問題描述：有一檔案路徑如下：“/home/brainiac/Documents/csdn/hello_world.py”，請從以下選項中選出可以獲取檔案名 “hello_world.py” 的選項：
A.

import os
path = '/home/brainiac/Documents/csdn/hello_world.py'
file_name = os.path.dirname(path)
print(file_name)

B.

import os
path = '/home/brainiac/Documents/csdn/hello_world.py'
file_name = os.path.abspath(path)
print(file_name)

C.

import os
path = '/home/brainiac/Documents/csdn/hello_world.py'
file_name = os.path.basename(path)
print(file_name)

D.

string = '四十'
result = string.isdigit()
print(result)

正確答案： C

2. 第 2 題：檢測檔案是否存在

知識點描述：檢測指定檔案或目錄是否存在，
問題描述：請從以下選項中選出可以檢測 “/etc/passwd” 檔案是否存在的選項：
A.

import os
exist = os.path.exists('etc/passwd')
print(exist)

B.

import os
exist = os.path.isdir('etc/passwd')
print(exist)

C.

import os
exist = os.path.isdir('/etc/passwd')
print(exist)

D.

import os
exist = os.path.isfile('/etc/passwd')
print(exist)

正確答案： D

3. 第 3 題：獲取指定檔案夾下的檔案串列

知識點描述：獲取檔案系統中指定目錄下的所有檔案串列，
問題描述：獲取 “/etc” 目錄中所有 python 檔案(以 “.py” 作為檔案后綴)串列，請從以下選項中選出你認為正確的選項：
A.

import os
path = "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages"
names = [name for name in os.listdir(path)]
print(names)

B.

import os
path = "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages"
names = [name for name in os.listdir(path) if name.endswith('.py')]
print(names)

C.

import os
path = "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages"
names = [name for name in os.listdir(path) if os.path.isfile(name) and name.endswith('.py')]
print(names)

D.

import os
path = "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages"
names = [name for name in os.listdir(path) if name.endswith('*.py')]
print(names)

正確答案： B

4. 第 4 題：文本檔案的讀寫

知識點描述：讀寫使用不同編碼方式的文本檔案，
問題描述：假設存在一檔案 “text_1.txt”，如何向其中再添加兩行新資料，請從以下選項中選出你認為正確的選項：
A.

new_line_1 = "New line 1"
new_line_2 = "New line 2"
with open('text_1.txt', 'rt') as f:
    f.write(new_line_1+'\n')
    f.write(new_line_2+'\n')

B.

new_line_1 = "New line 1"
new_line_2 = "New line 2"
with open('text_1.txt', 'at') as f:
    f.write(new_line_1)
    f.write(new_line_2)

C.

new_line_1 = "New line 1"
new_line_2 = "New line 2"
with open('text_1.txt', 'wt') as f:
    f.write(new_line_1+'\n')
    f.write(new_line_2+'\n')

D.

new_line_1 = "New line 1"
new_line_2 = "New line 2"
with open('text_1.txt', 'at') as f:
    f.write(new_line_1+'\n')
    f.write(new_line_2+'\n')

正確答案： D

5. 第 5 題：將列印輸出到檔案中

知識點描述：將 print() 函式的輸出重定向到指定日志檔案中，
問題描述：將當前時間寫入日志檔案 “log.txt” 中，并記錄函式執行結果，請從以下選項中選出你認為正確的答案：
A.

from datetime import datetime
def hello_world(num):
    return "Hello world {}!".format(num)
for i in range(10):
    with open('log.txt', 'at') as f:
        print(str(datetime.today()) + '\t' + hello_world(i), file=f)

B.

from datetime import datetime
def hello_world(num):
    return "Hello world {}!".format(num)
for i in range(10):
    with open('log.txt', 'at') as f:
        print(datetime.today() + '\t' + hello_world(i), file=f)

C.

from datetime import datetime
def hello_world(num):
    return "Hello world {}!".format(num)
for i in range(10):
    with open('log.txt', 'wt') as f:
        print(datetime.today() + '\t' + hello_world(i))

D.

from datetime import datetime
def hello_world(num):
    return "Hello world {}!".format(num)
for i in range(10):
    with open('log.txt', 'wt') as f:
        print(str(datetime.today()) + '\t' + hello_world(i), file=f)

正確答案： A

6. 第 6 題：二進制檔案的讀寫

知識點描述：讀寫二進制檔案，如圖片、聲音檔案等，
問題描述：已知存在二進制檔案 “test.bin”，如何正確向此檔案追加寫入文本資料，請從以下選項中選出你認為正確的答案：
A.

with open('test.bin', 'at') as f:
    text = 'Hello World!\n'
    f.write(text)

B.

with open('test.bin', 'wb') as f:
    text = 'Hello World!\n'
    f.write(text.encode('utf-8'))

C.

with open('test.bin', 'ab') as f:
    text = 'Hello World!\n'
    f.write(text.encode('utf-8'))

D.

with open('test.bin', 'ab') as f:
    text = 'Hello World!\n'
    f.write(text)

正確答案： C

7. 第 7 題：壓縮檔案的讀寫

知識點描述：讀寫 gzip 或 bz2 格式的壓縮檔案，
問題描述：請從以下選項中選擇能夠將文本檔案 “text.txt” 內容寫入壓縮檔案 “compress.gz” 的程式，且要求壓縮程度最佳：
A.

import gzip
text = 'text.txt'
with gzip.open('compress.gz', 'wt', compresslevel = 9) as f:
    f.write(text)

B.

import gzip
text = 'text.txt'
with gzip.open('compress.gz', 'wt', compresslevel = 0) as f:
    f.write(text)

C.

import gzip
text = 'text.txt'
with open(text, 'rt') as file:
    read_text = file.read()
    with gzip.open('compress.gz', 'wt', compresslevel = 9) as f:
        f.write(read_text)

D.

import gzip
text = 'text.txt'
with open(text, 'rt') as file:
    read_text = file.read()
    with gzip.open('compress.gz', 'wt', compresslevel = 0) as f:
        f.write(read_text)

正確答案：C

8. 第 8 題：以固定資料塊大小讀取檔案

知識點描述：以固定長度資料塊長度迭代讀取檔案，而非逐行讀取，
問題描述：存在一檔案 “test.bin”，撰寫程式每次讀取資料塊大小為 16B，直到檔案末尾：
A.

from functools import partial
RECORD_SIZE = 16
with open('test.bin', 'rt') as f:
    records = iter(partial(f.read, RECORD_SIZE), b'')
    for r in records:
        print(r)

B.

from functools import partial
RECORD_SIZE = 16
with open('test.bin', 'rb') as f:
    records = iter(partial(f.read, RECORD_SIZE), b'')
    for r in records:
        print(r)

C.

from functools import partial
RECORD_SIZE = 16 * 8
with open('test.bin', 'rt') as f:
    records = iter(partial(f.read, RECORD_SIZE), b'')
    for r in records:
        print(r)

D.

from functools import partial
RECORD_SIZE = 16
with open('test.bin', 'rt') as f:
    records = iter(partial(f.read, RECORD_SIZE), '')
    for r in records:
        print(r)

正確答案：B

9. 第 9 題：增加或改變已打開檔案的編碼方式

知識點描述：在不關閉已打開檔案前提下改變檔案的編碼方式，
問題描述：如何為一個以二進制模式打開的檔案添加 “utf-8” 編碼方式，請從以下選項中選出你認為正確的答案：
A.

import urllib.request
import io
with urllib.request.urlopen('https://blog.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611') as u:
    f = io.TextIOWrapper(u, encoding = 'utf-8')
    text = f.read()
print(text)

B.

import urllib.request
import io
with urllib.request.urlopen('https://blog.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611') as u:
    f = io.TextIOWrapper(u.read(), encoding = 'utf-8')
    text = f.read()
print(text)

C.

import urllib.request
import io
with urllib.request.urlopen('https://blog.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611') as u:
    f = io.TextIOWrapper(u.detach(), encoding = 'utf-8')
    text = f.read()
print(text)

D.

import urllib.request
import io
with urllib.request.urlopen('https://blog.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611') as u:
    f = io.TextIOWrapper(u).encoding='utf-8'
    text = f.read()
print(text)

正確答案：A

10. 第 10 題：臨時檔案與檔案夾的創建

知識點描述：在程式執行時創建臨時檔案或目錄，并在使用后自動銷毀，
問題描述：創建一個命名臨時檔案，向檔案中寫入 “Hello Python!” 后列印檔案名，請從以下選項中選出你認為正確的答案：
A.

from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
with NamedTemporaryFile('text.txt', 'wt') as f:
    f.write('Hello Python!\n')
    print(f.name)

B.

from tempfile import TemporaryFile
with TemporaryFile('text.txt', 'wt') as f:
    f.write('Hello Python!\n')
    print(f.name)

C.

from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
with NamedTemporaryFile('wt') as f:
    f.write('Hello Python!\n')
    print(f.name)

D.

from tempfile import TemporaryFile
with TemporaryFile('wt') as f:
    f.write('Hello Python!\n')
    print(f.name)

正確答案：C

試題代碼地址

https://codechina.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611/python_problem