如何對以“.”分隔的字串串列進行排序中間還有數字？-有解無憂

我有一個包含由點分隔的命令的字串串列，.如下所示：

DeviceA.CommandA.1.Hello,
DeviceA.CommandA.2.Hello,
DeviceA.CommandA.11.Hello,
DeviceA.CommandA.3.Hello,
DeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello,
DeviceA.CommandB.1.Bye,
DeviceB.CommandB.What,
DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello,
DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.2.Hello,
DeviceA.SubdeviceB.CommandA.1.What

我想按自然順序排列它們：

順序必須按欄位索引優先（例如，以 DeviceA 開頭的命令將始終在 DeviceB 之前等）
按字母順序排列字串
當它找到一個數字按升序排序時

因此，排序后的輸出應該是：

DeviceA.CommandA.1.Hello,
DeviceA.CommandA.2.Hello,
DeviceA.CommandA.3.Hello,
DeviceA.CommandA.11.Hello,
DeviceA.CommandB.1.Bye,
DeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello,
DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello,
DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.2.Hello,
DeviceA.SubdeviceB.CommandA.What,
DeviceB.CommandB.What

另請注意，命令欄位的長度是動態的，以點分隔的欄位數量可以是任意大小。

到目前為止，我沒有運氣就嘗試過這個（數字按字母順序排列，例如 11 在 5 之前）：

list = [
    "DeviceA.CommandA.1.Hello",
    "DeviceA.CommandA.2.Hello",
    "DeviceA.CommandA.11.Hello",
    "DeviceA.CommandA.3.Hello",
    "DeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello",
    "DeviceA.CommandB.1.Bye",
    "DeviceB.CommandB.What",
    "DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello",
    "DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.2.Hello",
    "DeviceA.SubdeviceB.CommandA.1.What"
]

sorted_list = sorted(list, key=lambda x: x.split('.'))

編輯：更正了拼寫錯誤。

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

像這樣的事情應該會讓你前進。

from pprint import pprint

data_list = [
    "DeviceA.CommandA.1.Hello",
    "DeviceA.CommandA.2.Hello",
    "DeviceA.CommandA.3.Hello",
    "DeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello",
    "DeviceA.CommandB.1.Bye",
    "DeviceB.CommandB.What",
    "DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello",
    "DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.15.Hello",  # added test case to ensure numbers are sorted numerically
    "DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.2.Hello",
    "DeviceA.SubdeviceB.CommandA.1.What",
]


def get_sort_key(s):
    # Turning the pieces to integers would fail some comparisons (1 vs "What")
    # so instead pad them on the left to a suitably long string
    return [
        bit.rjust(30, "0") if bit.isdigit() else bit
        for bit in s.split(".")
    ]


# Note the key function must be passed as a kwarg.
sorted_list = sorted(data_list, key=get_sort_key)

pprint(sorted_list)

輸出是

['DeviceA.CommandA.1.Hello',
 'DeviceA.CommandA.2.Hello',
 'DeviceA.CommandA.3.Hello',
 'DeviceA.CommandB.1.Bye',
 'DeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello',
 'DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello',
 'DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.2.Hello',
 'DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.15.Hello',
 'DeviceA.SubdeviceB.CommandA.1.What',
 'DeviceB.CommandB.What']

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

指定 a keyinsorted似乎可以實作您想要的：

import re

def my_key(s):
    n = re.search("\d ",s)
    return (s[:n.span()[0]], int(n[0])) if n else (s,) 

print(sorted(l, key = my_key))

輸出：

['DeviceA.CommandA.1.Hello', 'DeviceA.CommandA.2.Hello', 'DeviceA.CommandA.3.Hello', 'DeviceA.CommandA.11.Hello', 'DeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello', 'DeviceA.CommandB.1.Bye', 'DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.1.Hello', 'DeviceA.SubdeviceA.CommandB.2.Hello', 'DeviceA.SubdeviceB.CommandA.1.What', 'DeviceB.CommandB.What']

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標籤：Python python-2.7 排序分裂

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