前言

今天給大家寫一個個打地鼠小游戲，廢話不多說直接開始～

開發工具

Python版本： 3.6.4

相關模塊：

pygame模塊；

以及一些Python自帶的模塊，

環境搭建

安裝Python并添加到環境變數，pip安裝需要的相關模塊即可，

原理簡介

打地鼠的游戲規則相信大家都知道，這里就不多介紹了，反正就是不停地拿錘子打洞里鉆出來的地鼠~

首先，讓我們確定一下游戲中有哪些元素，打地鼠打地鼠，地鼠當然得有啦，那我們就寫個地鼠的游戲精靈類：

'''地鼠'''
class Mole(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, image_paths, position, **kwargs):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.images = [pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(image_paths[0]), (101, 103)), 
                       pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(image_paths[-1]), (101, 103))]
        self.image = self.images[0]
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)
        self.setPosition(position)
        self.is_hammer = False
    '''設定位置'''
    def setPosition(self, pos):
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = pos
    '''設定被擊中'''
    def setBeHammered(self):
        self.is_hammer = True
    '''顯示在螢屏上'''
    def draw(self, screen):
        if self.is_hammer: self.image = self.images[1]
        screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)
    '''重置'''
    def reset(self):
        self.image = self.images[0]
        self.is_hammer = False

顯然，地鼠有被錘子擊中和未被錘子擊中這兩種狀態，所以需要加載兩張圖，當地鼠被擊中時從未被擊中的地鼠狀態圖切換到被擊中后的地鼠狀態圖(ps：圖可能不像地鼠)，

然后我們再來定義一下錘子這個游戲精靈類，和地鼠類似，錘子也有未錘下去和已錘下去兩種狀態，只不過錘下去之后需要迅速恢復回未錘下去的狀態，具體而言，代碼實作如下：

class Hammer(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, image_paths, position, **kwargs):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.images = [pygame.image.load(image_paths[0]), pygame.image.load(image_paths[1])]
        self.image = self.images[0]
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.images[1])
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = position
        # 用于顯示錘擊時的特效
        self.hammer_count = 0
        self.hammer_last_time = 4
        self.is_hammering = False
    '''設定位置'''
    def setPosition(self, pos):
        self.rect.centerx, self.rect.centery = pos
    '''設定hammering'''
    def setHammering(self):
        self.is_hammering = True
    '''顯示在螢屏上'''
    def draw(self, screen):
        if self.is_hammering:
            self.image = self.images[1]
            self.hammer_count += 1
            if self.hammer_count > self.hammer_last_time:
                self.is_hammering = False
                self.hammer_count = 0
        else:
            self.image = self.images[0]
        screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)

OK，定義完游戲精靈之后，我們就可以開始寫主程式啦，首先自然是游戲初始化：

'''游戲初始化'''
def initGame():
  pygame.init()
  pygame.mixer.init()
  screen = pygame.display.set_mode(cfg.SCREENSIZE)
  pygame.display.set_caption('Whac A Mole-微信公眾號:Charles的皮卡丘')
  return screen

然后加載必要的游戲素材和定義必要的游戲變數

  # 加載背景音樂和其他音效
  pygame.mixer.music.load(cfg.BGM_PATH)
  pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)
  audios = {
        'count_down': pygame.mixer.Sound(cfg.COUNT_DOWN_SOUND_PATH),
        'hammering': pygame.mixer.Sound(cfg.HAMMERING_SOUND_PATH)
      }
  # 加載字體
  font = pygame.font.Font(cfg.FONT_PATH, 40)
  # 加載背景圖片
  bg_img = pygame.image.load(cfg.GAME_BG_IMAGEPATH)
  # 開始界面
  startInterface(screen, cfg.GAME_BEGIN_IMAGEPATHS)
  # 地鼠改變位置的計時
  hole_pos = random.choice(cfg.HOLE_POSITIONS)
  change_hole_event = pygame.USEREVENT
  pygame.time.set_timer(change_hole_event, 800)
  # 地鼠
  mole = Mole(cfg.MOLE_IMAGEPATHS, hole_pos)
  # 錘子
  hammer = Hammer(cfg.HAMMER_IMAGEPATHS, (500, 250))
  # 時鐘
  clock = pygame.time.Clock()
  # 分數
  your_score = 0

接著就是游戲主回圈啦：

# 游戲主回圈
while True:
  # --游戲時間為60s
  time_remain = round((61000 - pygame.time.get_ticks()) / 1000.)
  # --游戲時間減少, 地鼠變位置速度變快
  if time_remain == 40:
    pygame.time.set_timer(change_hole_event, 650)
  elif time_remain == 20:
    pygame.time.set_timer(change_hole_event, 500)
  # --倒計時音效
  if time_remain == 10:
    audios['count_down'].play()
  # --游戲結束
  if time_remain < 0: break
  count_down_text = font.render('Time: '+str(time_remain), True, cfg.WHITE)
  # --按鍵檢測
  for event in pygame.event.get():
    if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
      pygame.quit()
      sys.exit()
    elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
      hammer.setPosition(pygame.mouse.get_pos())
    elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
      if event.button == 1:
        hammer.setHammering()
    elif event.type == change_hole_event:
      hole_pos = random.choice(cfg.HOLE_POSITIONS)
      mole.reset()
      mole.setPosition(hole_pos)
  # --碰撞檢測
  if hammer.is_hammering and not mole.is_hammer:
    is_hammer = pygame.sprite.collide_mask(hammer, mole)
    if is_hammer:
      audios['hammering'].play()
      mole.setBeHammered()
      your_score += 10
  # --分數
  your_score_text = font.render('Score: '+str(your_score), True, cfg.BROWN)
  # --系結必要的游戲元素到螢屏(注意順序)
  screen.blit(bg_img, (0, 0))
  screen.blit(count_down_text, (875, 8))
  screen.blit(your_score_text, (800, 430))
  mole.draw(screen)
  hammer.draw(screen)
  # --更新
  pygame.display.flip()
  clock.tick(60)

每一部分我也都做了注釋，邏輯很簡單，就不多廢話了，60s后，游戲結束，我們就可以統計分數以及和歷史最高分做對比了：

# 讀取最佳分數(try塊避免第一次游戲無.rec檔案)
try:
  best_score = int(open(cfg.RECORD_PATH).read())
except:
  best_score = 0
# 若當前分數大于最佳分數則更新最佳分數
if your_score > best_score:
  f = open(cfg.RECORD_PATH, 'w')
  f.write(str(your_score))
  f.close()
為了使游戲看起來更“正式”，再隨手添個開始界面和結束界面唄：
'''游戲開始界面'''
def startInterface(screen, begin_image_paths):
    begin_images = [pygame.image.load(begin_image_paths[0]), pygame.image.load(begin_image_paths[1])]
    begin_image = begin_images[0]
    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()
            elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
                mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
                if mouse_pos[0] in list(range(419, 574)) and mouse_pos[1] in list(range(374, 416)):
                    begin_image = begin_images[1]
                else:
                    begin_image = begin_images[0]
            elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                if event.button == 1 and mouse_pos[0] in list(range(419, 574)) and mouse_pos[1] in list(range(374, 416)):
                    return True
        screen.blit(begin_image, (0, 0))
        pygame.display.update()


'''結束界面'''
def endInterface(screen, end_image_path, again_image_paths, score_info, font_path, font_colors, screensize):
    end_image = pygame.image.load(end_image_path)
    again_images = [pygame.image.load(again_image_paths[0]), pygame.image.load(again_image_paths[1])]
    again_image = again_images[0]
    font = pygame.font.Font(font_path, 50)
    your_score_text = font.render('Your Score: %s' % score_info['your_score'], True, font_colors[0])
    your_score_rect = your_score_text.get_rect()
    your_score_rect.left, your_score_rect.top = (screensize[0] - your_score_rect.width) / 2, 215
    best_score_text = font.render('Best Score: %s' % score_info['best_score'], True, font_colors[1])
    best_score_rect = best_score_text.get_rect()
    best_score_rect.left, best_score_rect.top = (screensize[0] - best_score_rect.width) / 2, 275
    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()
            elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
                mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
                if mouse_pos[0] in list(range(419, 574)) and mouse_pos[1] in list(range(374, 416)):
                    again_image = again_images[1]
                else:
                    again_image = again_images[0]
            elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                if event.button == 1 and mouse_pos[0] in list(range(419, 574)) and mouse_pos[1] in list(range(374, 416)):
                    return True
        screen.blit(end_image, (0, 0))
        screen.blit(again_image, (416, 370))
        screen.blit(your_score_text, your_score_rect)
        screen.blit(best_score_text, best_score_rect)
        pygame.display.update()

文章到這里就結束了，感謝你的觀看，Python24個小游戲系列，下篇文章分享聯機對戰的小游戲

轉載請註明出處，本文鏈接：https://www.uj5u.com/houduan/384020.html

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Python游戲開發，pygame模塊，Python實作打地鼠小游戲

前言

開發工具

環境搭建

原理簡介