我必須處理不同的專案，其中一個使用 Java 8，另一個使用 Java 17。上周我使用 Java 17，現在我正在嘗試恢復我的配置以使用 Java 8。
這些是我的配置
$ mvn --version
Apache Maven 3.8.4 (9b656c72d54e5bacbed989b64718c159fe39b537)
Maven home: /usr/local/Cellar/maven/3.8.4/libexec
Java version: 1.8.0_251, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_251.jdk/Contents/Home/jre
Default locale: en_BR, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "mac os x", version: "10.16", arch: "x86_64", family: "mac"
$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_251"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_251-b08)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.251-b08, mixed mode)
我也洗掉了 ~/.m2 中的所有檔案夾。
我在 IntelliJ 中的配置是：
專案結構 > 專案 > 專案設定 > 專案
SDK：OpenJDK 1.8
語言級別：SDK 默認
專案結構 > 專案 > 專案設定 > 模塊
模塊 SDK：專案 SDK（OpenJDK 1.8）
偏好 | 構建、執行、部署 | 編譯器 | Java編譯器
專案位元組碼：8
偏好 | 構建、執行、部署 | 構建工具 | 馬文 | 輸入
匯入器的 JDK：使用專案 SDK
運行/除錯配置 > Tomcat 9.0.53
JRE：OpenJDK 1.8
我錯過了什么嗎？為什么會拋出這個錯誤？
-Dec-2021 12:05:30.631 SEVERE [RMI TCP Connection(4)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class [org.ocpsoft.rewrite.servlet.impl.RewriteServletContextListener]
java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: META-INF/versions/9/module-info has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 53.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 52.0 (unable to load class [META-INF.versions.9.module-info])
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:2483)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.findClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:870)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1371)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1215)
at com.ocpsoft.pretty.faces.config.annotation.AbstractClassFinder.processClass(AbstractClassFinder.java:216)
at com.ocpsoft.pretty.faces.config.annotation.WebLibFinder.processJarFile(WebLibFinder.java:141)
at com.ocpsoft.pretty.faces.config.annotation.WebLibFinder.findClasses(WebLibFinder.java:85)
at com.ocpsoft.pretty.faces.config.spi.AnnotationConfigurationProvider.loadConfiguration(AnnotationConfigurationProvider.java:82)
at com.ocpsoft.pretty.faces.config.PrettyConfigurator.configure(PrettyConfigurator.java:63)
at org.ocpsoft.rewrite.prettyfaces.PrettyConfigContextListener.contextInitialized(PrettyConfigContextListener.java:41)
at org.ocpsoft.rewrite.servlet.impl.RewriteServletContextListener.contextInitialized(RewriteServletContextListener.java:38)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4768)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5230)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:726)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:698)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:696)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1783)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:293)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:460)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:408)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:293)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
at com.sun.jmx.remote.security.MBeanServerAccessController.invoke(MBeanServerAccessController.java:468)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1468)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.access$300(RMIConnectionImpl.java:76)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1309)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1408)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:829)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:357)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:200)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:197)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:196)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:573)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:834)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$0(TCPTransport.java:688)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:687)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
截圖
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
問題似乎是 Tomcat 在 Java 8 上運行時與 log4j 2.15 不兼容。
查看其他應用服務器的相關問題：
- Log4j 2.16.0 java 8
- java.lang.RuntimeException：從 jar 掃描入口模塊資訊.class 時出錯
通常，此類問題由應用服務器更新修復。如果不可能，請使用沒有 JEP-238 的 log4j 庫。
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