SpringBoot整合微信登錄

1.準備作業

1.1 獲取微信登錄憑證

前往官網微信開放平臺 (qq.com)，完成以下步驟：

注冊
郵箱激活
完善開發者資料
開發者資質認證
創建網站應用

1.2 組態檔

在組態檔application.properties添加相關配置資訊：

# 微信開放平臺 appid
wx.open.app_id=你的appid
# 微信開放平臺 appsecret
wx.open.app_secret=你的appsecret
# 微信開放平臺重定向url
wx.open.redirect_url=http://81/api/ucenter/wx/callback

1.3 添加依賴

<!--httpclient-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--commons-io-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--gson-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
    <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
</dependency>

1.4 創建讀取公共常量的工具類

創建讀取公共常量的工具類ConstantWxUtils：

/**
 * @author xppll
 * @date 2021/12/11 14:39
 */
@Component
public class ConstantWxUtils implements InitializingBean {


    @Value("${wx.open.app_id}")
    private String appId;
    @Value("${wx.open.app_secret}")
    private String appSecret;
    @Value("${wx.open.redirect_url}")
    private String redirectUrl;
    public static String WX_OPEN_APP_ID;
    public static String WX_OPEN_APP_SECRET;
    public static String WX_OPEN_REDIRECT_URL;

    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        WX_OPEN_APP_ID = appId;
        WX_OPEN_APP_SECRET = appSecret;
        WX_OPEN_REDIRECT_URL = redirectUrl;
    }
}

1.5 HttpClient工具類

/**
 *  依賴的jar包有：commons-lang-2.6.jar、httpclient-4.3.2.jar、httpcore-4.3.1.jar、commons-io-2.4.jar
 * @author zhaoyb
 *
 */
public class HttpClientUtils {

   public static final int connTimeout=10000;
   public static final int readTimeout=10000;
   public static final String charset="UTF-8";
   private static HttpClient client = null;

   static {
      PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
      cm.setMaxTotal(128);
      cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(128);
      client = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).build();
   }

   public static String postParameters(String url, String parameterStr) throws ConnectTimeoutException, SocketTimeoutException, Exception{
      return post(url,parameterStr,"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",charset,connTimeout,readTimeout);
   }

   public static String postParameters(String url, String parameterStr,String charset, Integer connTimeout, Integer readTimeout) throws ConnectTimeoutException, SocketTimeoutException, Exception{
      return post(url,parameterStr,"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",charset,connTimeout,readTimeout);
   }

   public static String postParameters(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws ConnectTimeoutException,
         SocketTimeoutException, Exception {
      return postForm(url, params, null, connTimeout, readTimeout);
   }

   public static String postParameters(String url, Map<String, String> params, Integer connTimeout,Integer readTimeout) throws ConnectTimeoutException,
         SocketTimeoutException, Exception {
      return postForm(url, params, null, connTimeout, readTimeout);
   }

   public static String get(String url) throws Exception {
      return get(url, charset, null, null);
   }

   public static String get(String url, String charset) throws Exception {
      return get(url, charset, connTimeout, readTimeout);
   }

   /**
    * 發送一個 Post 請求, 使用指定的字符集編碼.
    *
    * @param url
    * @param body RequestBody
    * @param mimeType 例如 application/xml "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" a=1&b=2&c=3
    * @param charset 編碼
    * @param connTimeout 建立鏈接超時時間,毫秒.
    * @param readTimeout 回應超時時間,毫秒.
    * @return ResponseBody, 使用指定的字符集編碼.
    * @throws ConnectTimeoutException 建立鏈接超時例外
    * @throws SocketTimeoutException  回應超時
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public static String post(String url, String body, String mimeType,String charset, Integer connTimeout, Integer readTimeout)
         throws ConnectTimeoutException, SocketTimeoutException, Exception {
      HttpClient client = null;
      HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
      String result = "";
      try {
         if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(body)) {
            HttpEntity entity = new StringEntity(body, ContentType.create(mimeType, charset));
            post.setEntity(entity);
         }
         // 設定引數
         Builder customReqConf = RequestConfig.custom();
         if (connTimeout != null) {
            customReqConf.setConnectTimeout(connTimeout);
         }
         if (readTimeout != null) {
            customReqConf.setSocketTimeout(readTimeout);
         }
         post.setConfig(customReqConf.build());

         HttpResponse res;
         if (url.startsWith("https")) {
            // 執行 Https 請求.
            client = createSSLInsecureClient();
            res = client.execute(post);
         } else {
            // 執行 Http 請求.
            client = HttpClientUtils.client;
            res = client.execute(post);
         }
         result = IOUtils.toString(res.getEntity().getContent(), charset);
      } finally {
         post.releaseConnection();
         if (url.startsWith("https") && client != null&& client instanceof CloseableHttpClient) {
            ((CloseableHttpClient) client).close();
         }
      }
      return result;
   }


   /**
    * 提交form表單
    *
    * @param url
    * @param params
    * @param connTimeout
    * @param readTimeout
    * @return
    * @throws ConnectTimeoutException
    * @throws SocketTimeoutException
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public static String postForm(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers, Integer connTimeout,Integer readTimeout) throws ConnectTimeoutException,
         SocketTimeoutException, Exception {

      HttpClient client = null;
      HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
      try {
         if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
            List<NameValuePair> formParams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
            Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = params.entrySet();
            for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) {
               formParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
            }
            UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formParams, Consts.UTF_8);
            post.setEntity(entity);
         }

         if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
            for (Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
               post.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
         }
         // 設定引數
         Builder customReqConf = RequestConfig.custom();
         if (connTimeout != null) {
            customReqConf.setConnectTimeout(connTimeout);
         }
         if (readTimeout != null) {
            customReqConf.setSocketTimeout(readTimeout);
         }
         post.setConfig(customReqConf.build());
         HttpResponse res = null;
         if (url.startsWith("https")) {
            // 執行 Https 請求.
            client = createSSLInsecureClient();
            res = client.execute(post);
         } else {
            // 執行 Http 請求.
            client = HttpClientUtils.client;
            res = client.execute(post);
         }
         return IOUtils.toString(res.getEntity().getContent(), "UTF-8");
      } finally {
         post.releaseConnection();
         if (url.startsWith("https") && client != null
               && client instanceof CloseableHttpClient) {
            ((CloseableHttpClient) client).close();
         }
      }
   }




   /**
    * 發送一個 GET 請求
    *
    * @param url
    * @param charset
    * @param connTimeout  建立鏈接超時時間,毫秒.
    * @param readTimeout  回應超時時間,毫秒.
    * @return
    * @throws ConnectTimeoutException   建立鏈接超時
    * @throws SocketTimeoutException   回應超時
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public static String get(String url, String charset, Integer connTimeout,Integer readTimeout)
         throws ConnectTimeoutException,SocketTimeoutException, Exception {

      HttpClient client = null;
      HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
      String result = "";
      try {
         // 設定引數
         Builder customReqConf = RequestConfig.custom();
         if (connTimeout != null) {
            customReqConf.setConnectTimeout(connTimeout);
         }
         if (readTimeout != null) {
            customReqConf.setSocketTimeout(readTimeout);
         }
         get.setConfig(customReqConf.build());

         HttpResponse res = null;

         if (url.startsWith("https")) {
            // 執行 Https 請求.
            client = createSSLInsecureClient();
            res = client.execute(get);
         } else {
            // 執行 Http 請求.
            client = HttpClientUtils.client;
            res = client.execute(get);
         }

         result = IOUtils.toString(res.getEntity().getContent(), charset);
      } finally {
         get.releaseConnection();
         if (url.startsWith("https") && client != null && client instanceof CloseableHttpClient) {
            ((CloseableHttpClient) client).close();
         }
      }
      return result;
   }


   /**
    * 從 response 里獲取 charset
    *
    * @param ressponse
    * @return
    */
   @SuppressWarnings("unused")
   private static String getCharsetFromResponse(HttpResponse ressponse) {
      // Content-Type:text/html; charset=GBK
      if (ressponse.getEntity() != null  && ressponse.getEntity().getContentType() != null && ressponse.getEntity().getContentType().getValue() != null) {
         String contentType = ressponse.getEntity().getContentType().getValue();
         if (contentType.contains("charset=")) {
            return contentType.substring(contentType.indexOf("charset=") + 8);
         }
      }
      return null;
   }



   /**
    * 創建 SSL連接
    * @return
    * @throws GeneralSecurityException
    */
   private static CloseableHttpClient createSSLInsecureClient() throws GeneralSecurityException {
      try {
         SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
            public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,String authType) throws CertificateException {
               return true;
            }
         }).build();

         SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, new X509HostnameVerifier() {

            @Override
            public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
               return true;
            }

            @Override
            public void verify(String host, SSLSocket ssl)
                  throws IOException {
            }

            @Override
            public void verify(String host, X509Certificate cert)
                  throws SSLException {
            }

            @Override
            public void verify(String host, String[] cns,
                           String[] subjectAlts) throws SSLException {
            }

         });

         return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();

      } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
         throw e;
      }
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      try {
         String str= post("https://localhost:443/ssl/test.shtml","name=12&page=34","application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "UTF-8", 10000, 10000);
         //String str= get("https://localhost:443/ssl/test.shtml?name=12&page=34","GBK");
            /*Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
            map.put("name", "111");
            map.put("page", "222");
            String str= postForm("https://localhost:443/ssl/test.shtml",map,null, 10000, 10000);*/
         System.out.println(str);
      } catch (ConnectTimeoutException e) {
         // TODO Auto-generated catch block
         e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
         // TODO Auto-generated catch block
         e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (Exception e) {
         // TODO Auto-generated catch block
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
   }

}

2.實作微信登錄

可以參考官方檔案：[網站應用微信登錄開發指南](準備作業 | 微信開放檔案 (qq.com))

2.1 具體流程

在這里插入圖片描述

第三方發起微信授權登錄請求，微信用戶允許授權第三方應用后，微信會拉起應用或重定向到第三方網站，并且帶上授權臨時票據code引數
通過code引數加上AppID和AppSecret等，通過API換取access_token
通過access_token進行介面呼叫，獲取用戶基本資料資源或幫助用戶實作基本操作

獲取access_token時序圖：
il5hSZ0n-1640060259471)(SpringBoot整合微信登錄.assets/D0wkkHSbtC6VUSHX4WsjP5ssg5mdnEmXO8NGVGF34dxS9N1WCcq6wvquR4K_Hcut)]

2.2 生成微信掃描的二維碼（請求CODE）

controller層：

/**
 * @author xppll
 * @date 2021/12/11 14:48
 */
@CrossOrigin
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/api/ucenter/wx")
public class WxApiController {
    @Autowired
    private UcenterMemberService memberService;

    /**
     * 生成微信掃描二維碼
     * @return 定向到請求微信地址
     */
    @GetMapping("login")
    public String getWxCode() {

        //微信開放平臺授權baseUrl
        String baseUrl = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/qrconnect" +
            "?appid=%s" +
            "&redirect_uri=%s" +
            "&response_type=code" +
            "&scope=snsapi_login" +
            "&state=%s" +
            "#wechat_redirect";


        //對redirect_url進行URLEncoder編碼
        String redirectUrl = ConstantWxUtils.WX_OPEN_REDIRECT_URL;
        try {
            redirectUrl = URLEncoder.encode(redirectUrl, "UTF-8");
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new GuliException(20001, e.getMessage());
        }
        //設定%s的值
        String url = String.format(
            baseUrl,
            ConstantWxUtils.WX_OPEN_APP_ID,
            redirectUrl,
            "atguigu"
        );

        //重定向到請求微信地址
        return "redirect:" + url;
    }

}

訪問：http://localhost:8160/api/ucenter/wx/login

訪問授權url后會得到一個微信登錄二維碼：

[外鏈圖片轉存失敗,源站可能有防盜鏈機制,建議將圖片保存下來直接上傳(img-oLOA9b4w-1640060259472)(SpringBoot整合微信登錄.assets/image-20211217115943673.png)]

用戶掃描二維碼會看到確認登錄的頁面：

用戶點擊“確認登錄”后，微信服務器會向谷粒學院的業務服務器發起回呼，因此接下來我們需要開發回呼controller

2.3 回呼

具體分幾步：

通過code獲取access_token

https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code

引數	是否必須	說明
appid	是	應用唯一標識，在微信開放平臺提交應用審核通過后獲得
secret	是	應用密鑰AppSecret，在微信開放平臺提交應用審核通過后獲得
code	是	填寫第一步獲取的code引數
grant_type	是	填authorization_code

從回傳結果獲取兩個值access_token、openid
通過openid查詢資料庫判斷該用戶是不是第一次登錄
如果是第一次登錄，根據access_token和openid再去訪問微信的資源服務器，獲取用戶資訊，存入資料庫
使用jwt根據member物件生成token字串，最后回傳首頁面，通過路徑傳遞token字串

/**
 * 獲取掃描人資訊，添加資料
 * @param code 類似于手機驗證碼，隨機唯一的值
 * @param state 用于保持請求和回呼的狀態，授權請求后原樣帶回給第三方
 * @return
 */
@GetMapping("callback")
public String callback(String code, String state) {
    try {
        //獲取code值，臨時票據類似于驗證碼
        //拿著code請求微信固定的地址，得到兩個值
        //1.向認證服務器發送請求換取access_token
        String baseAccessTokenUrl =
                "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token" +
                        "?appid=%s" +
                        "&secret=%s" +
                        "&code=%s" +
                        "&grant_type=authorization_code";
        //拼接三個引數：id 密鑰 和 code值
        String accessTokenUrl = String.format(
                baseAccessTokenUrl,
                ConstantWxUtils.WX_OPEN_APP_ID,
                ConstantWxUtils.WX_OPEN_APP_SECRET,
                code
        );
        //2.請求拼接好的地址，得到回傳的兩個值access_token和openid
        //使用httpclient發送請求，得到回傳結果(json形式的字串)
        String accessTokenInfo = HttpClientUtils.get(accessTokenUrl);
        //從accessTokenInfo字串獲取兩個值access_token、openid
        //把accessTokenInfo字串轉換為map集合，根據map里面的key獲取值
        //這里使用json轉換工具Gson
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        HashMap accessTokenMap = gson.fromJson(accessTokenInfo, HashMap.class);
        String access_token = (String) accessTokenMap.get("access_token");
        String openid = (String) accessTokenMap.get("openid");

        //3.判斷該用戶是不是第一次掃碼登錄
        //通過openid判斷
        UcenterMember member = memberService.getOpenIdMember(openid);
        //4.只有第一次登錄才獲取資訊
        if (member == null) {
            //根據access_token和openid再去訪問微信的資源服務器，獲取用戶資訊
            String baseUserInfoUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo" +
                    "?access_token=%s" +
                    "&openid=%s";
            String userInfoUrl = String.format(
                    baseUserInfoUrl,
                    access_token,
                    openid
            );
            //發送請求，得到用戶資訊
            String userInfo = HttpClientUtils.get(userInfoUrl);
            System.out.println(userInfo);
            //將用戶資訊存入資料庫
            //把json轉換為map
            HashMap userInfoMap = gson.fromJson(userInfo, HashMap.class);
            //得到nickname
            String nickname = (String) userInfoMap.get("nickname");
            //得到微信頭像avatar
            String headimgurl = (String) userInfoMap.get("headimgurl");

            member = new UcenterMember();
            member.setOpenid(openid);
            member.setNickname(nickname);
            member.setAvatar(headimgurl);
            memberService.save(member);
        }
        //5.使用jwt根據member物件生成token字串
        String jwtToken = JwtUtils.getJwtToken(member.getId(), member.getNickname());

        //最后回傳首頁面，通過路徑傳遞token字串
        return "redirect:http://localhost:3000?token=" + jwtToken;
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new GuliException(20001, "微信登錄失敗");
    }
}

判斷該用戶是不是第一次掃碼登錄：

/**
 * 根據openid查詢是否存在用戶
 * @param openid 授權用戶唯一標識
 * @return UcenterMember
 */
@Override
public UcenterMember getOpenIdMember(String openid) {
    LambdaQueryWrapper<UcenterMember> queryWrapper=new LambdaQueryWrapper<>();
    queryWrapper.eq(UcenterMember::getOpenid,openid);
    UcenterMember member = baseMapper.selectOne(queryWrapper);
    return member;
}

在這里插入圖片描述
最后喜歡的小伙伴，記得三聯哦！😏🍭😘

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