我創建了一個腳本來修改 CSV 檔案，但它無法正常作業：
在
awk -F, 'NR==1|不列印頭，但第二排。即使其中只指定了一些列，
while read V0 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V14 V15 V16它也會列印出 csv 的所有列。
一些示例資料：
COUNTRY NAME,YEAR,LIFE LADDER,LOG GDP PER CAPITA,SOCIAL SUPPORT,HEALTHY LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH,FREEDOM TO MAKE LIFE CHOICES,GENEROSITY,PERCEPTIONS OF CORRUPTION,POSITIVE AFFECT,NEGATIVE AFFECT,CONFIDENCE IN NATIONAL GOVERNMENT,DEMOCRATIC QUALITY,DELIVERY QUALITY,STANDARD DEVIATION OF LADDER BY COUNTRY-YEAR,STANDARD DEVIATION/MEAN OF LADDER BY COUNTRY-YEAR,GINI INDEX (WORLD BANK ESTIMATE),GINI INDEX (WORLD BANK ESTIMATE) AVERAGE 2000-16","GINI OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME REPORTED IN GALLUP BY WP5-YEAR","MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED GALLUP","MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED WVS ROUND 1981-1984","MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED WVS ROUND 1989-1993","MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED WVS ROUND 1994-1998","MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED WVS ROUND 1999-2004","MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED WVS ROUND 2005-2009","MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED WVS ROUND 2010-2014"
AFGHANISTAN,2008,3.72,7.16,0.45,50.79,0.71,0.17,0.88,0.51,0.25,0.61,-1.92,-1.65,1.77,0.47,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
AFGHANISTAN,2009,4.40,7.33,0.55,51.20,0.67,0.20,0.85,0.58,0.23,0.61,-2.04,-1.63,1.72,0.39,NULL,NULL,0.44,0.28,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
AFGHANISTAN,2010,4.75,7.38,0.53,51.59,0.60,0.13,0.70,0.61,0.27,0.29,-1.99,-1.61,1.87,0.39,NULL,NULL,0.32,0.27,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
AFGHANISTAN,2011,3.83,7.41,0.52,51.91,0.49,0.17,0.73,0.61,0.26,0.30,-1.91,-1.61,1.78,0.46,NULL,NULL,0.33,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
AFGHANISTAN,2012,3.78,7.51,0.52,52.24,0.53,0.24,0.77,0.71,0.26,0.43,-1.84,-1.40,1.79,0.47,NULL,NULL,0.34,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
AFGHANISTAN,2013,3.57,7.52,0.48,52.56,0.57,0.07,0.82,0.62,0.27,0.48,-1.87,-1.40,1.22,0.34,NULL,NULL,0.30,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
AFGHANISTAN,2014,3.13,7.51,0.52,52.88,0.50,0.11,0.87,0.53,0.37,0.40,-1.77,-1.31,1.39,0.44,NULL,NULL,0.41,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
AFGHANISTAN,2015,3.98,7.50,0.52,53.20,0.38,0.08,0.88,0.55,0.33,0.26,-1.84,-1.29,2.16,0.54,NULL,NULL,0.59,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
這是我的腳本：
#!/usr/bin/env bash
INPUT=./happiness.csv.1
OLDIFS=$IFS
IFS=','
[ ! -f $INPUT ] && { echo "$INPUT file not found"; exit 99; }
while read V0 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V14 V15 V16
do
awk -F, 'NR==1 || /^[A-Z,a-z]*,2018/' |
grep '^.*-.*$'
done < $INPUT
這是輸出：
> AFGHANISTAN,2008,3.72,7.16,0.45,50.79,0.71,0.17,0.88,0.51,0.25,0.61,-1.92,-1.65,1.77,0.47,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
> AFGHANISTAN,2018,2.69,7.49,0.50,52.59,0.37,-0.08,0.92,0.42,0.40,0.36,NULL,NULL,1.40,0.52,NULL,NULL,0.29,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
> ALGERIA,2018,5.04,9.55,0.79,65.90,0.58,-0.17,0.75,0.59,0.29,NULL,NULL,NULL,1.97,0.39,NULL,0.27,0.66,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,0.10,NULL,0.17
> ARGENTINA,2018,5.79,9.80,0.89,68.80,0.84,-0.20,0.85,0.82,0.32,0.26,NULL,NULL,2.47,0.42,NULL,0.46,0.40,NULL,0.27,0.22,0.17,0.15,0.17,0.19
> ARMENIA,2018,5.06,9.11,0.81,66.90,0.80,-0.14,0.67,0.58,0.45,0.67,NULL,NULL,2.10,0.41,NULL,0.31,0.40,NULL,NULL,NULL,0.23,NULL,NULL,0.10
> AZERBAIJAN,2018,5.16,9.67,0.78,65.5,0.77,-0.25,0.56,0.59,0.19,0.83,NULL,NULL,1.86,0.36,NULL,0.21,0.26,NULL,NULL,NULL,0.19,NULL,NULL,0.14
> BANGLADESH,2018,4.49,8.22,0.70,64.30,0.90,-0.03,0.70,0.54,0.36,0.83,NULL,NULL,2.15,0.47,NULL,0.32,0.36,NULL,NULL,NULL,0.20,0.23,NULL,
> BELARUS,2018,5.23,9.77,0.90,66.09,0.64,-0.18,0.71,0.45,0.23,0.42,NULL,NULL,1.69,0.32,NULL,0.28,0.29,NULL,NULL,0.25,0.22,NULL,NULL,0.32
> BELGIUM,2018,6.89,10.67,0.92,72,0.80,-0.12,0.63,0.74,0.25,0.44,NULL,NULL,1.54,0.22,NULL,0.28,0.29,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
> BOLIVIA,2018,5.91,8.86,0.82,63.59,0.86,-0.08,0.78,0.74,0.38,0.39,NULL,NULL,2.20,0.37,NULL,0.52,0.45,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
> BOTSWANA,2018,3.46,9.68,0.79,58.90,0.81,-0.25,0.80,0.72,0.26,0.71,NULL,NULL,2.63,0.76,NULL,0.62,0.61,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
> BRAZIL,2018,6.19,9.55,0.88,66.40,0.75,-0.12,0.76,0.74,0.34,0.16,NULL,NULL,2.63,0.42,NULL,0.54,0.42,NULL,NULL,0.06,NULL,NULL,0.09,0.07
> BULGARIA,2018,5.09,9.87,0.92,66.80,0.72,-0.17,0.95,0.63,0.18,0.21,NULL,NULL,2.03,0.39,NULL,0.35,0.34,NULL,NULL,NULL,0.23,NULL,0.19,
> BURUNDI,2018,3.77,6.54,0.48,53.40,0.64,-0.01,0.59,0.66,0.36,NULL,NULL,NULL,2.81,0.74,NULL,0.36,0.68,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,
> CHILE,2018,6.43,10.06,0.89,69.90,0.78,-0.07,0.81,0.83,0.27,0.33,NULL,NULL,2.15,0.33,NULL,0.49,0.43,NULL,NULL,0.22,0.21,0.22,0.12,0.12
> CHINA,2018,5.13,9.69,0.78,69.30,0.89,-0.17,NULL,0.85,0.18,NULL,NULL,NULL,2.26,0.44,NULL,0.42,0.53,NULL,NULL,0.59,0.50,0.54,0.49,0.61
誰能看到我做錯了什么？
我可以將 awk 陳述句交換為：
while read V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 ....
do
if [[ "$V2" = "2018" ]];then
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
根據您代碼的當前意圖，這是我可以建議的修改：
#!/usr/bin/env bash
INPUT=./happiness.csv.1
[[ -f $INPUT ]] || { echo "$INPUT file not found"; exit 99; }
awk -F, 'NR == 1 || $2 == "2018" && /-/' "$INPUT"
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