使用tkinter和grid以絕對方式定位按鈕

我是使用 tkinter 的新手，并且正在努力讓我的按鈕呈現在螢屏的最底部，均勻分布，填充整個底行。

我一直在使用 grid() 來嘗試這樣做，但沒有運氣。我希望這三個按鈕在不影響頁面其他組件（例如頂部的文本）的情況下呈現。我正在嘗試完成一個具有三個按鈕的視窗，每個按鈕呈現一個您可以與之互動的不同頁面。

下面是我的完整代碼，我比你知道的更感激任何見解。

from cgitb import text
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
  
LARGEFONT =("Verdana", 35)
  
class tkinterApp(tk.Tk):
     
    # __init__ function for class tkinterApp
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         
        # __init__ function for class Tk
        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
         
        # creating a container
        container = tk.Frame(self) 
        container.grid(row=0, column=0)
  
        container.grid_rowconfigure(0)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0)
  
        # initializing frames to an empty array
        self.frames = {} 
  
        # iterating through a tuple consisting
        # of the different page layouts
        for F in (StartPage, Page1, Page2):
  
            frame = F(container, self)
  
            # initializing frame of that object from
            # startpage, page1, page2 respectively with
            # for loop
            self.frames[F] = frame
  
            frame.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky ="nsew")
  
        self.show_frame(StartPage)
  
    # to display the current frame passed as
    # parameter
    def show_frame(self, cont):
        frame = self.frames[cont]
        frame.tkraise()
  
class StartPage(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
         
        # label of frame Layout 2
        welcome = ttk.Label(self, text ="Welcome!", font = LARGEFONT)
        welcome.grid(row = 0, column = 2, )
  
        button1 = ttk.Button(self, text ="Page 1", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(Page1))
        button1.grid(row = 9, column = 1,  padx = 10, pady = 10)

        button2 = ttk.Button(self, text ="Page 2", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(Page2))
        button2.grid(row = 9, column = 2, padx = 10, pady = 10)

# second window frame page1
class Page1(tk.Frame):
     
    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
         
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = ttk.Label(self, text ="Page 1", font = LARGEFONT)
        label.grid(row = 0, column = 2, )
        button1 = ttk.Button(self, text ="StartPage", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(StartPage))
        button1.grid(row = 9, column = 1,  padx = 10, pady = 10)
  
        button2 = ttk.Button(self, text ="Page 2", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(Page2))
        button2.grid(row = 9, column = 2, padx = 10, pady = 10)
  
# third window frame page2
class Page2(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = ttk.Label(self, text ="Page 3", font = LARGEFONT)
        label.grid(row = 0, column = 2, )
  
        button1 = ttk.Button(self, text ="Page 1", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(Page1))
        button1.grid(row = 9, column = 1,  padx = 10, pady = 10)
  
        button2 = ttk.Button(self, text ="Startpage", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(StartPage))
        button2.grid(row = 9, column = 2, padx = 10, pady = 10)
  
# Driver Code
app = tkinterApp()
app.geometry("800x425")
app.mainloop()

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

我對您的代碼進行了以下更改以使其正常作業：

對根視窗進行網格化，以便container占據視窗中的整個空間。

#Gridding the tkinter window
self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight = 1)

使用. container_sticky = 'nsew'

container.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky = 'nsew')

修改__init__并添加tkraise到所有Page類。

我將使用下面的代碼塊進行解釋。

class StartPage(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        
        # label of frame Layout 2
        welcome = ttk.Label(self, text ="Welcome!", font = LARGEFONT)
        welcome.grid(row = 0, column = 2)
        
        #Creating a frame exclusively for the buttons
        self.frame_buttons = tk.Frame(parent)
        self.frame_buttons.grid(row = 1, column = 0, columnspan = 3)
        self.frame_buttons.grid_remove()
        
        #Gridding self.frame_buttons
        self.frame_buttons.grid_columnconfigure((0,1), weight = 1)
        self.frame_buttons.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
        
        button1 = ttk.Button(self.frame_buttons, text ="Page 1", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(Page1))
        button1.grid(row = 0, column = 0,  padx = 10, pady = 10)

        button2 = ttk.Button(self.frame_buttons, text ="Page 2", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(Page2))
        button2.grid(row = 0, column = 1, padx = 10, pady = 10)
        
    def tkraise(self):
        self.frame_buttons.grid()
        self.frame_buttons.tkraise()
        tk.Frame.tkraise(self)

在該__init__方法中，self.frame_buttons創建并添加所有按鈕。它使用 顯示.grid，然后立即使用 洗掉.grid_remove()。使用的好處.grid_remove()是可以記住網格選項，我們.grid()以后可以直接用來顯示框架。

在該tkraise方法中，框架被顯示，提升到頂部，然后tk.Frame.tkraise(self)用于呼叫內置方法。

作業代碼：

from cgitb import text
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
  
LARGEFONT =("Verdana", 35)
  
class tkinterApp(tk.Tk):
     
    # __init__ function for class tkinterApp
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         
        # __init__ function for class Tk
        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        
        #Gridding the tkinter window
        self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
        self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight = 1)
         
        # creating a container
        container = tk.Frame(self) 
        container.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky = 'nsew')
  
        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight = 1)
  
        # initializing frames to an empty array
        self.frames = {} 
  
        # iterating through a tuple consisting
        # of the different page layouts
        for F in (StartPage, Page1, Page2):
  
            frame = F(container, self)
  
            # initializing frame of that object from
            # startpage, page1, page2 respectively with
            # for loop
            self.frames[F] = frame
  
            frame.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky ="nsew")
  
        self.show_frame(StartPage)
  
    # to display the current frame passed as
    # parameter
    def show_frame(self, cont):
        frame = self.frames[cont]
        frame.tkraise()
  
class StartPage(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        
        # label of frame Layout 2
        welcome = ttk.Label(self, text ="Welcome!", font = LARGEFONT)
        welcome.grid(row = 0, column = 2)
        
        #Creating a frame exclusively for the buttons
        self.frame_buttons = tk.Frame(parent)
        self.frame_buttons.grid(row = 1, column = 0, columnspan = 3)
        self.frame_buttons.grid_remove()
        
        #Gridding self.frame_buttons
        self.frame_buttons.grid_columnconfigure((0,1), weight = 1)
        self.frame_buttons.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
        
        button1 = ttk.Button(self.frame_buttons, text ="Page 1", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(Page1))
        button1.grid(row = 0, column = 0,  padx = 10, pady = 10)

        button2 = ttk.Button(self.frame_buttons, text ="Page 2", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(Page2))
        button2.grid(row = 0, column = 1, padx = 10, pady = 10)
        
    def tkraise(self):
        self.frame_buttons.grid()
        self.frame_buttons.tkraise()
        tk.Frame.tkraise(self)

# second window frame page1
class Page1(tk.Frame):
     
    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = ttk.Label(self, text ="Page 1", font = LARGEFONT)
        label.grid(row = 0, column = 2)
        
        #Creating a frame exclusively for the buttons
        self.frame_buttons = tk.Frame(parent)
        self.frame_buttons.grid(row = 1, column = 0, columnspan = 3)
        self.frame_buttons.grid_remove()
        
        #Gridding self.frame_buttons
        self.frame_buttons.grid_columnconfigure((0,1), weight = 1)
        self.frame_buttons.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
        
        button1 = ttk.Button(self.frame_buttons, text ="StartPage", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(StartPage))
        button1.grid(row = 0, column = 0,  padx = 10, pady = 10)

        button2 = ttk.Button(self.frame_buttons, text ="Page 2", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(Page2))
        button2.grid(row = 0, column = 1, padx = 10, pady = 10)
        
    def tkraise(self):
        self.frame_buttons.grid()
        self.frame_buttons.tkraise()
        tk.Frame.tkraise(self)
  
# third window frame page2
class Page2(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = ttk.Label(self, text ="Page 2", font = LARGEFONT)
        label.grid(row = 0, column = 2)
        
        #Creating a frame exclusively for the buttons
        self.frame_buttons = tk.Frame(parent)
        self.frame_buttons.grid(row = 1, column = 0, columnspan = 3)
        self.frame_buttons.grid_remove()
        
        #Gridding self.frame_buttons
        self.frame_buttons.grid_columnconfigure((0,1), weight = 1)
        self.frame_buttons.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
        
        button1 = ttk.Button(self.frame_buttons, text ="Page 1", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(Page1))
        button1.grid(row = 0, column = 0,  padx = 10, pady = 10)

        button2 = ttk.Button(self.frame_buttons, text ="Startpage", command = lambda : controller.show_frame(StartPage))
        button2.grid(row = 0, column = 1, padx = 10, pady = 10)
        
    def tkraise(self):
        self.frame_buttons.grid()
        self.frame_buttons.tkraise()
        tk.Frame.tkraise(self)
        
# Driver Code
app = tkinterApp()
app.geometry("800x425")
app.mainloop()

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

您正在使用網格和包。你不應該混合這兩個布局管理器，因為它會導致未知的錯誤行為。也許您的代碼在剔除該包呼叫后將起作用。

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