如果每個Sibling標簽都有不同的子標簽，我如何遍歷XML檔案并決議標簽內容？

是否有一個回圈將遍歷兄弟元素，如果它到達學生篩選之一（見下文）并且該學生沒有正在使用的標簽，則輸入 null/na ？

以下是我的 xml 檔案 [studentinfo.xml] 中的內容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<StudentBreakdown>
<Studentdata>
    <StudentScreening>
        <name>Sam Davies</name>
        <age>15</age>
        <hair>Black</hair>
        <eyes>Blue</eyes>
        <grade>10</grade>
        <teacher>Draco Malfoy</teacher>
        <dorm>Innovation Hall</dorm>
    </StudentScreening>
    <StudentScreening>
        <name>Cassie Stone</name>
        <age>14</age>
        <hair>Science</hair>
        <grade>9</grade>
        <teacher>Luna Lovegood</teacher>
    </StudentScreening>
    <StudentScreening>
        <name>Derek Brandon</name>
        <age>17</age>
        <eyes>green</eyes>
        <teacher>Ron Weasley</teacher>
        <dorm>Hogtie Manor</dorm>
    </StudentScreening>
</Studentdata>
</StudentBreakdown>

我的代碼正在遍歷 studentinfo.xml 檔案，并pandas根據我將標簽映射到的列將資訊輸入到資料框（df1）中。

以下是我的代碼示例：

import pandas as pd
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
with open('studentinfo.xml', 'r') as f:
    file = f.read()  

def parse_xml(file):
    soup = BeautifulSoup(file, 'xml')
    df1 = pd.DataFrame(columns=['StudentName', 'Age', 'Hair', 'Eyes', 'Grade', 'Teacher', 'Dorm'])
    all_items = soup.find_all('info')
    items_length = len(all_items)
    for index, info in enumerate(all_items):
        StudentName = info.find('<name>').text
        Age = info.find('<age>').text
        Hair = info.find('<hair>').text
        Eyes = info.find('<eyes>').text
        Grade = info.find('<grade>').text
        Teacher = info.find('<teacher>').text
        Dorm = info.find('<dorm>').text
      row = {
            'StudentName': StudentName,
            'Age': Age,
            'Hair': Hair,
            'Eyes': Eyes,
            'Grade': Grade,
            'Teacher': Teacher,
            'Dorm': Dorm
        }
        
        df1 = df1.append(row, ingore_index=True)
        print(f'Appending row %s of %s' %(index 1, items_length))
    
    return df1  

當我嘗試運行代碼時，我收到此錯誤：'AttributeError:'NoneType' object has no attribute 'text'' 我之所以會收到此錯誤的結論是因為并非每個 StudentScreening 都使用相同的子標簽。

什么條件可以添加到我的代碼中：“當我回圈時，如果元素標簽不存在，請在資料框中輸入 null 并繼續列舉檔案”??????

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

使用時pandas只需使用它的pandas.read_xml()：

pd.read_xml(xml, xpath='.//StudentScreening')

例子

import pandas as pd

xml = '''
<StudentBreakdown>
<Studentdata>
    <StudentScreening>
        <name>Sam Davies</name>
        <age>15</age>
        <hair>Black</hair>
        <eyes>Blue</eyes>
        <grade>10</grade>
        <teacher>Draco Malfoy</teacher>
        <dorm>Innovation Hall</dorm>
    </StudentScreening>
    <StudentScreening>
        <name>Cassie Stone</name>
        <age>14</age>
        <hair>Science</hair>
        <grade>9</grade>
        <teacher>Luna Lovegood</teacher>
    </StudentScreening>
    <StudentScreening>
        <name>Derek Brandon</name>
        <age>17</age>
        <eyes>green</eyes>
        <teacher>Ron Weasley</teacher>
        <dorm>Hogtie Manor</dorm>
    </StudentScreening>
</Studentdata>
</StudentBreakdown>'''

pd.read_xml(xml, xpath='.//StudentScreening')

輸出

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

您可以遍歷您的 xml 檔案ElementTree以創建字典串列，然后將其轉換為資料框：

import pandas as pd
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse('studentinfo.xml')
root = tree.getroot()

arr = []

for student_screening in root.iterfind('.//StudentScreening'):
    arr.append({el.tag: el.text for el in student_screening})

df = pd.DataFrame(arr)
print(df)

輸出：

            name age     hair   eyes grade        teacher             dorm
0     Sam Davies  15    Black   Blue    10   Draco Malfoy  Innovation Hall
1   Cassie Stone  14  Science    NaN     9  Luna Lovegood              NaN
2  Derek Brandon  17      NaN  green   NaN    Ron Weasley     Hogtie Manor

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

嘗試：

import pandas as pd
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

html_doc = """\
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<StudentBreakdown>
<Studentdata>
    <StudentScreening>
        <name>Sam Davies</name>
        <age>15</age>
        <hair>Black</hair>
        <eyes>Blue</eyes>
        <grade>10</grade>
        <teacher>Draco Malfoy</teacher>
        <dorm>Innovation Hall</dorm>
    </StudentScreening>
    <StudentScreening>
        <name>Cassie Stone</name>
        <age>14</age>
        <hair>Science</hair>
        <grade>9</grade>
        <teacher>Luna Lovegood</teacher>
    </StudentScreening>
    <StudentScreening>
        <name>Derek Brandon</name>
        <age>17</age>
        <eyes>green</eyes>
        <teacher>Ron Weasley</teacher>
        <dorm>Hogtie Manor</dorm>
    </StudentScreening>
</Studentdata>
</StudentBreakdown>"""


soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc, "xml")

all_data = []
for s in soup.select("StudentScreening"):
    all_data.append(
        {
            "name": s.find("name"),
            "age": s.age,
            "eyes": s.eyes,
            "grade": s.grade,
            "teacher": s.teacher,
            "dorm": s.dorm,
        }
    )

df = pd.DataFrame(all_data).apply(lambda x: [v.text if v else "N/A" for v in x])
print(df)

印刷：

            name age   eyes grade        teacher             dorm
0     Sam Davies  15   Blue    10   Draco Malfoy  Innovation Hall
1   Cassie Stone  14    N/A     9  Luna Lovegood              N/A
2  Derek Brandon  17  green   N/A    Ron Weasley     Hogtie Manor

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