使用PowerShellSDK以正確的順序捕獲所有流

我正在使用 PowerShell SDK 執行腳本，它使用所有不同的流（資訊、警告、詳細資訊……）。我可以正確地捕獲它們的輸出，但不是按照它們生成的順序。例如，這是一個控制臺應用程式（C#、.NET 7，安裝了 NuGet 包Microsoft.PowerShell.SDK）：

using System.Management.Automation.Runspaces;

var runSpace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(InitialSessionState.CreateDefault());
runSpace.Open();

var instance = System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.Create(runSpace);

instance.AddScript("""
    $VerbosePreference = 'Continue'

    Write-Verbose "Line 1"
    Write-Output "Line 2"
    Write-Verbose "Line 3"
    Write-Information "Line 4"
    Write-Information "Line 5"
    Write-Verbose "Line 6"
    """
);

var output = instance.Invoke();

foreach (var o in output)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"[N]: {o}");
}

foreach (var v in instance.Streams.Verbose)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"[V]: {v}");
}

foreach (var i in instance.Streams.Information)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"[I]: {i}");
}

如您所見，我在不同的流上回傳不同的結果。當然，當我像那樣輸出它們時，它們的順序不再正確：

[N]: Line 2
[V]: Line 1
[V]: Line 3
[V]: Line 6
[I]: Line 4
[I]: Line 5

我一直在查看 、 等提供的物件instance.Streams.Information-instance.Streams.Verbose但我找不到可以讓我對它們進行排序的屬性。有趣的是instance.Streams.Information有一個TimeGenerated，但它在所有其他流物件中都沒有！

所以我很困惑如何才能做到這一點，是否有可能根據它們的生成時間對它們進行排序？

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

您需要預先訂閱每個流集合上的相關事件，而不是等到執行完成。

為此，請在每個相關屬性上為DataAdded事件注冊處理程式：instance.Streams.*

var runSpace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(InitialSessionState.CreateDefault());
runSpace.Open();

using (var instance = System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.Create(runSpace))
{
    instance.AddScript("""
        $VerbosePreference = 'Continue'

        Write-Verbose "Line 1"
        Write-Output "Line 2"
        Write-Verbose "Line 3"
        Write-Information "Line 4"
        Write-Information "Line 5"
        Write-Verbose "Line 6"
        """
    );

    # register event handler for the DataAdded event on each relevant stream collection
    instance.Streams.Verbose.DataAdded  = ConsumeStreamOutput;
    instance.Streams.Information.DataAdded  = ConsumeStreamOutput;

    # now create a data collection for standard output
    var outputCollection = new PSDataCollection<PSObject>();
    # ... and register the event handler on that too
    outputCollection.DataAdded  = ConsumeStreamOutput;

    # ... and now we're finally ready to invoke the script
    instance.Invoke();
}

現在我們只需要定義和實作ConsumeStreamOutput處理事件的方法。它需要根據寫入的流期望不同型別的輸出。

static void ConsumeStreamOutput(object sender, DataAddedEventArgs evtArgs)
{
    var data = ((System.Collections.IList)sender)[evtArgs.Index];

    switch (data)
    {
        case VerboseRecord vr:
            WriteLine($"Received Verbose stream data     :  '{vr}'");
            break;
        case InformationRecord ir:
            WriteLine($"Received Information stream data :  '{ir}'");
            break;
        default:
            WriteLine($"Received standard output         :  '{data}'");
            break;
    }
}

上面應該給你這樣的輸出：

Received Verbose stream data     :  'Line 1'
Received standard output         :  'Line 2'
Received Verbose stream data     :  'Line 3'
Received Information stream data :  'Line 4'
Received Information stream data :  'Line 5'
Received Verbose stream data     :  'Line 6'

當然，如果您需要在其他地方處理資料，您可以更改此方法以僅將資料收集到單個佇列或類似佇列。

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

在閱讀了更多有關 PS 主機的資訊后，我找到了這樣做的方法！基本上可以使用此行將所有其他流重定向到標準輸出流：

instance.Commands.Commands[0].MergeMyResults(PipelineResultTypes.All,PipelineResultTypes.Output);

這樣，instance.Invoke()回傳所有內容，包括詳細資訊、資訊等流。

然后通過檢查每個PSObject是什么，我可以根據物件的型別對它們進行不同的處理。完整示例：

using System.Management.Automation;
using System.Management.Automation.Runspaces;

var runSpace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(InitialSessionState.CreateDefault());
runSpace.Open();

var instance = PowerShell.Create(runSpace);

instance.AddScript("""
    $VerbosePreference = 'Continue'

    Write-Verbose "Line 1"
    Write-Output "Line 2"
    Write-Error "Line 3"
    Write-Verbose "Line 4"
    Write-Information "Line 5"
    Write-Information "Line 6"
    Write-Verbose "Line 7"
    """
);

instance.Commands.Commands[0].MergeMyResults(PipelineResultTypes.All,PipelineResultTypes.Output);

var output = instance.Invoke();

foreach (var o in output)
{
    switch (o.ImmediateBaseObject)
    {
        case ErrorRecord er:
            Console.WriteLine($"[ERR]: {er}");
            break;
        case WarningRecord wr:
            Console.WriteLine($"[WRN]: {wr}");
            break;
        case VerboseRecord vr:
            Console.WriteLine($"[VER]: {vr}");
            break;
        case InformationRecord ir:
            Console.WriteLine($"[INF]: {ir}");
            break;
        case DebugRecord dr:
            Console.WriteLine($"[DBG]: {dr}");
            break;
        default:
            // I assume everything that ends up here is uncaptured output.
            Console.WriteLine($"[OUT]: {o}");
            break;
    }
}

現在輸出的順序是正確的：

[VER]: Line 1
[OUT]: Line 2
[ERR]: Line 3
[VER]: Line 4
[INF]: Line 5
[INF]: Line 6
[VER]: Line 7

標籤：C＃电源外壳powershell-sdk

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