因為想要寫一個簡單的作業系統,所以需要安裝虛擬機來模擬出硬體,VMware不適合這個場景,因為會使用硬體級別的虛擬化,而bochs這個開源虛擬機,是用軟體虛擬了所有的硬體,所以除錯可以做到非常細的粒度,比如每次cpu執行命令,我們都可以暫停,看暫存器狀態,看記憶體狀態,這對于作業系統開發除錯的幫助太大太大了,所以我們使用bochs這個虛擬機來,
mac安裝bochs
我的當前環境是Mac 版本是10.15.3,記錄下安裝的程序和踩的坑,
步驟:
- 安裝 sdl 庫,后續編譯會用到
brew install sdl
- 下載原始碼并且解壓
下載地址:https://sourceforge.net/projects/bochs/files/latest/download
# 下載解壓
tar -xvf bochs-2.6.tar.gz
# configure 所需要的引數
./configure --enable-ne2000 \
--enable-all-optimizations \
--enable-cpu-level=6 \
--enable-x86-64 \
--enable-vmx=2 \
--enable-pci \
--enable-usb \
--enable-usb-ohci \
--enable-e1000 \
--enable-debugger \
--enable-disasm \
--disable-debugger-gui \
--with-sdl \
--prefix=$HOME/opt/bochs
這里的 prefix 引數指定了安裝的位置,修改成自己想要的地址,
這里出現了第一個問題:
問題1
報這個錯誤
cdrom_osx.cc:194:18: error: assigning to 'char ' from incompatible type 'const ch
于是在網上查了一下,這個報錯有個補丁[https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/formula-patches/e9b520dd4c/bochs/xcode9.patch],我們找到這個檔案并且修改原始碼,這個檔案在 bochs-2.6/iodev/hdimage/cdrom_osx.cc,我們打開修改第 193 行
if ((devname = strrchr(devpath, '/')) != NULL) {
改為:
if ((devname = (char *) strrchr(devpath, '/')) != NULL) {
問題解決,我們接著編譯,
make && make install
問題二
這個時候報這個錯
config.cc:3261:55: error: ordered comparison between pointer and zero ('char *' and 'int')
if (SIM->get_param_string("model", base)->getptr()>0) {
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~
1 error generated.
我們打開config.cc,找到3621行,修改為
修改config.cc的3621行
if (SIM->get_param_string("model", base)->getptr()>0) {
為
if (SIM->get_param_string("model", base)->getptr()>(char *)0) {
即可,
然后我們再次編譯
make && make install
此時即可正常編譯成功,
我們可以將 bochs 加入環境變數以便使用:
export BXSHARE="$HOME/workplace/os/bochs/share/bochs"
export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/workplace/os/bochs/bin"
Bochs使用
bochs的安裝目錄下的bochs/share/doc/bochs/bochsrc-sample.txt是組態檔的模板,我們自己撰寫一個簡單的組態檔來運行:
# 設定虛擬機記憶體為32MB
megs: 32
# 設定BIOS鏡像
romimage: file=$BXSHARE/BIOS-bochs-latest
# 設定VGA BIOS鏡像
vgaromimage: file=$BXSHARE/VGABIOS-lgpl-latest
# 設定從硬碟啟動
boot: disk
# 設定日志檔案
log: bochsout.txt
# 關倍訓鼠
mouse: enabled=0
# 打開鍵盤
keyboard: type=mf, serial_delay=250
# 設定硬碟
ata0: enabled=1, ioaddr1=0x1f0, ioaddr2=0x3f0, irq=14
# 添加gdb遠程除錯支持
gdbstub: enabled=1, port=1234, text_base=0, data_base=0, bss_base=0
保存為 bochsrc ,在該目錄運行命令執行:
? my_src git:(master) ? bochs
========================================================================
Bochs x86 Emulator 2.6
Built from SVN snapshot on September 2nd, 2012
Compiled on Feb 11 2020 at 14:52:19
========================================================================
00000000000i[ ] reading configuration from bochsrc
00000000000p[ ] >>PANIC<< bochsrc:26: Bochs is not compiled with gdbstub support
========================================================================
Bochs is exiting with the following message:
[ ] bochsrc:26: Bochs is not compiled with gdbstub support
========================================================================
00000000000i[CPU0 ] CPU is in real mode (active)
00000000000i[CPU0 ] CS.mode = 16 bit
00000000000i[CPU0 ] SS.mode = 16 bit
00000000000i[CPU0 ] EFER = 0x00000000
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | EAX=00000000 EBX=00000000 ECX=00000000 EDX=00000000
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | ESP=00000000 EBP=00000000 ESI=00000000 EDI=00000000
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | IOPL=0 id vip vif ac vm rf nt of df if tf sf ZF af PF cf
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | SEG sltr(index|ti|rpl) base limit G D
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | CS:0000( 0000| 0| 0) 00000000 00000000 0 0
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | DS:0000( 0000| 0| 0) 00000000 00000000 0 0
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | SS:0000( 0000| 0| 0) 00000000 00000000 0 0
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | ES:0000( 0000| 0| 0) 00000000 00000000 0 0
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | FS:0000( 0000| 0| 0) 00000000 00000000 0 0
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | GS:0000( 0000| 0| 0) 00000000 00000000 0 0
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | EIP=00000000 (00000000)
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | CR0=0x00000000 CR2=0x00000000
00000000000i[CPU0 ] | CR3=0x00000000 CR4=0x00000000
bx_dbg_read_linear: physical memory read error (phy=0x0000000000000000, lin=0x0000000000000000)
00000000000i[CTRL ] quit_sim called with exit code 1
此時我們便成功運行了一個虛擬機,
模擬硬碟
bochs提供了一個創建虛擬硬碟的工具 bximage,提供了互動的方式創建虛擬硬碟,我們來做一下:
? my_src git:(master) ? bximage
========================================================================
bximage
Disk Image Creation Tool for Bochs
$Id: bximage.c 11315 2012-08-05 18:13:38Z vruppert $
========================================================================
Do you want to create a floppy disk image or a hard disk image?
Please type hd or fd. [hd] // 回車,新建硬碟
What kind of image should I create?
Please type flat, sparse or growing. [flat] // 回車,flat硬碟
Enter the hard disk size in megabytes, between 1 and 8257535
[10] 10 // 10MB大小硬碟
I will create a 'flat' hard disk image with
cyl=20
heads=16
sectors per track=63
total sectors=20160
total size=9.84 megabytes
What should I name the image?
[c.img] hd10m.img // 名稱
Writing: [] Done.
I wrote 10321920 bytes to hd10m.img.
The following line should appear in your bochsrc:
ata0-master: type=disk, path="hd10m.img", mode=flat, cylinders=20, heads=16, spt=63
? my_src git:(master) ? ls
bochsrc hd10m.img
好了,環境配置到此結束,我們之后將學習如何撰寫啟動資訊,
歡迎訪問我的博客和github(https://github.com/veeupup)!
轉載請註明出處,本文鏈接:https://www.uj5u.com/houduan/64986.html
標籤:C++
下一篇:c和c++中讀取資料的方式總結
