這個程式總是運行不出來,求各位大神幫忙看一下
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<math.h>
//十五數碼狀態對應的節點結構體
struct Node {
int s[4][4];//保存十五數碼狀態,0代表空格
int f, g;//啟發函式中的f和g值
struct Node* next;
struct Node* previous;//保存其父節點
};
int open_N = 0; //記錄Open串列中節點數目
//十五數碼初始狀態
int inital_s[4][4] = {
2,3,5,9,
1,4,10,12,
7,0,11,8,
6,13,14,15
};
//十五數碼目標狀態
int final_s[4][4] = {
1,2,3,4,
12,13,14,5,
11,0,15,6,
10,9,8,7
};
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//添加節點函式入口,方法:通過插入排序向指定表添加
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
void Add_Node(struct Node* head, struct Node* p)
{
struct Node* q;
if (head->next)//考慮鏈表為空
{
q = head->next;
if (p->f < head->next->f) {//考慮插入的節點值比鏈表的第一個節點值小
p->next = head->next;head->next = p;
}
else {
while (q->next)//考慮插入節點x,形如a<= x <=b
{
if ((q->f < p->f || q->f == p->f) && (q->next->f > p->f || q->next->f == p->f)) {
p->next = q->next;
q->next = p;
break;
}
q = q->next;
}
if (q->next == NULL) //考慮插入的節點值比鏈表最后一個元素的值更大
q->next = p;
}
}
else head->next = p;
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//洗掉節點函式入口
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
void del_Node(struct Node* head, struct Node* p) {
struct Node* q;
q = head;
while (q->next)
{
if (q->next == p) {
q->next = p->next;
p->next = NULL;
if (q->next == NULL) return;
// free(p);
}
q = q->next;
}
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//判斷兩個陣列是否相等函式入口
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
int equal(int s1[4][4], int s2[4][4])
{
int i, j, flag = 0;
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
for (j = 0; j < 4;j++)
if (s1[i][j] != s2[i][j]) { flag = 1; break; }
if (!flag)
return 1;
else return 0;
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//判斷后繼節點是否存在于Open或Closed表中函式入口
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
int exit_Node(struct Node* head, int s[4][4], struct Node* Old_Node) {
struct Node* q = head->next;
int flag = 0;
while (q)
if (equal(q->s, s)) {
flag = 1;
Old_Node->next = q;
return 1;
}
else q = q->next;
if (!flag) return 0;
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//計算p(n)的函式入口
//其中p(n)為放錯位的數碼與其正確的位置之間距離之和
//具體方法:放錯位的數碼與其正確的位置對應下標差的絕對值之和
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
int wrong_sum(int s[4][4])
{
int i, j, fi, fj, sum = 0;
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)
{
for (fi = 0; fi < 4; fi++)
for (fj = 0; fj < 4; fj++)
if ((final_s[fi][fj] == s[i][j])) {
sum += fabs(i - fi) + fabs(j - fj);
break;
}
}
return sum;
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//獲取后繼結點函式入口
//檢查空格每種移動的合法性,如果合法則移動空格得到后繼結點
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
int get_successor(struct Node* BESTNODE, int direction, struct Node* Successor)//擴展BESTNODE,產生其后繼結點SUCCESSOR
{
int i, j, i_0, j_0, temp;
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)
Successor->s[i][j] = BESTNODE->s[i][j];
//獲取空格所在位置
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)
if (BESTNODE->s[i][j] == 0) { i_0 = i; j_0 = j;break; }
switch (direction)
{
case 0: if ((i_0 - 1) > -1) {
temp = Successor->s[i_0][j_0];
Successor->s[i_0][j_0] = Successor->s[i_0 - 1][j_0];
Successor->s[i_0 - 1][j_0] = temp;
return 1;
}
else return 0;
case 1: if ((j_0 - 1) > -1) {
temp = Successor->s[i_0][j_0];
Successor->s[i_0][j_0] = Successor->s[i_0][j_0 - 1];
Successor->s[i_0][j_0 - 1] = temp;
return 1;
}
else return 0;
case 2: if ((j_0 + 1) < 4) {
temp = Successor->s[i_0][j_0];
Successor->s[i_0][j_0] = Successor->s[i_0][j_0 + 1];
Successor->s[i_0][j_0 + 1] = temp;
return 1;
}
else return 0;
case 3: if ((i_0 + 1) < 4) {
temp = Successor->s[i_0][j_0];
Successor->s[i_0][j_0] = Successor->s[i_0 + 1][j_0];
Successor->s[i_0 + 1][j_0] = temp;
return 1;
}
else return 0;
}
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//從OPen表獲取最佳節點函式入口
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct Node* get_BESTNODE(struct Node* Open)
{
return Open->next;
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//輸出最佳路徑函式入口
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
void print_Path(struct Node* head)
{
struct Node* q, * q1, * p;
int i, j, count = 1;
p = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
//通過頭插法變更節點輸出次序
p->previous = NULL;
q = head;
while (q)
{
q1 = q->previous;
q->previous = p->previous;
p->previous = q;
q = q1;
}
q = p->previous;
while (q)
{
if (q == p->previous)printf("十五數碼的初始狀態:\n");
else if (q->previous == NULL)printf("十五數碼的目標狀態:\n");
else printf("十五數碼的中間態%d\n", count++);
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)
{
printf("%4d", q->s[i][j]);
if (j == 3)printf("\n");
}
printf("f=%d, g=%d\n\n", q->f, q->g);
q = q->previous;
}
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//A*子演算法入口:處理后繼結點
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
void sub_A_algorithm(struct Node* Open, struct Node* BESTNODE, struct Node* Closed, struct Node* Successor)
{
struct Node* Old_Node = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node)); Successor->previous = BESTNODE;//建立從successor回傳BESTNODE 的指標
Successor->g = BESTNODE->g + 1;//計算后繼結點的g值
//檢查后繼結點是否已存在于Open和Closed表中,如果存在:該節點記為old_Node,比較后繼結點的g值和表中old_Node節點
//g值,前者小代表新的路徑比老路徑更好,將Old_Node的父節點改為BESTNODE,并修改其f,g值,后者小則什么也不做。
//即不存在Open也不存在Closed表則將其加入OPen表,并計算其f 值
if (exit_Node(Open, Successor->s, Old_Node)) {
if (Successor->g < Old_Node->g) {
Old_Node->next->previous = BESTNODE;//將Old_Node的父節點改為BESTNODE
Old_Node->next->g = Successor->g;//修改g值
Old_Node->next->f = Old_Node->g + wrong_sum(Old_Node->s);//修改f值
//排序~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
del_Node(Open, Old_Node);
Add_Node(Open, Old_Node);
}
}
else if (exit_Node(Closed, Successor->s, Old_Node)) {
if (Successor->g < Old_Node->g) {
Old_Node->next->previous = BESTNODE;
Old_Node->next->g = Successor->g;
Old_Node->next->f = Old_Node->g + wrong_sum(Old_Node->s);
//排序~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
del_Node(Closed, Old_Node);
Add_Node(Closed, Old_Node);
}
}
else {
Successor->f = Successor->g + wrong_sum(Successor->s);
Add_Node(Open, Successor);
open_N++;
}
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//A*演算法入口
//十五數碼問題的啟發函式為:f(n)=d(n)+p(n)
//其中A*演算法中的g(n)根據具體情況設計為d(n),意為n節點的深度,而h(n)設計為p(n),
//意為放錯的數碼與正確的位置距離之和
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
void A_algorithm(struct Node* Open, struct Node* Closed) //A*演算法
{
int i, j;
struct Node* BESTNODE, * inital, * Successor;
inital = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
//初始化起始節點
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)
inital->s[i][j] = inital_s[i][j];
inital->f = wrong_sum(inital_s);
inital->g = 0;
inital->previous = NULL;
inital->next = NULL;
Add_Node(Open, inital);//把初始節點放入OPEN表
open_N++;
while (1)
{
if (open_N == 0) { printf("failure!"); return; }
else {
BESTNODE = get_BESTNODE(Open);//從OPEN表獲取f值最小的BESTNODE,將其從OPEN表洗掉并加入CLOSED表中
del_Node(Open, BESTNODE);
open_N--;
Add_Node(Closed, BESTNODE);
if (equal(BESTNODE->s, final_s)) {//判斷BESTNODE是否為目標節點
printf("success!\n");
print_Path(BESTNODE);
return;
}
//針對十五數碼問題,后繼結點Successor的擴展方法:空格(二維陣列中的0)上下左右移動,
//判斷每種移動的有效性,有效則轉向A*子演算法處理后繼節點,否則進行下一種移動
else {
Successor = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));Successor->next = NULL;
if (get_successor(BESTNODE, 0, Successor))sub_A_algorithm(Open, BESTNODE, Closed, Successor);
Successor = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node)); Successor->next = NULL;
if (get_successor(BESTNODE, 1, Successor))sub_A_algorithm(Open, BESTNODE, Closed, Successor);
Successor = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node)); Successor->next = NULL;
if (get_successor(BESTNODE, 2, Successor))sub_A_algorithm(Open, BESTNODE, Closed, Successor);
Successor = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node)); Successor->next = NULL;
if (get_successor(BESTNODE, 3, Successor))sub_A_algorithm(Open, BESTNODE, Closed, Successor);
}
}
}
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//main()函式入口
//定義Open和Closed串列。Open串列:保存待檢查節點。Closed串列:保存不需要再檢查的節點
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
void main()
{
struct Node* Open = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
struct Node* Closed = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
Open->next = NULL;
Open->previous = NULL;
Closed->next = NULL;
Closed->previous = NULL;
A_algorithm(Open, Closed);
}
uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
真相只有一個 你的6個while陷入了死回圈,大概看了一下,好家伙 沒幾個正常回圈的,哈哈uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
建議樓主通過除錯分別分段來定位問題,先看程式運行到哪里卡頓了。一下子看這么多代碼不好定位。uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
while回圈
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