拉購網職位搜索爬蟲

分析職位搜索呼叫介面：

1. 瀏覽器開發者模式(快捷鍵F12)切換手機模式，打開拉購網職位搜索鏈接 https://m.lagou.com/search.html
2. 輸入搜索關鍵詞， 例如"Python" ，可以看到右側的XHR中出現一個AJAX呼叫請求 https://m.lagou.com/search.json?city=%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD&positionName=Python&pageNo=1&pageSize=15
3. 找到了AJAX介面后，我們就可以使用requests模擬發送請求來搜索職位資訊了，

下面是實作原始碼：

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*-coding:utf8-*-
import logging
import traceback
import requests
from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter
import json
import random
import sys


def usage():
    print("Usage:\n\t lagou_search <keyword> [page_number] [地理位置] \n\n\t<keyword> : 搜索職位名稱\n\t[page_number]顯示頁數,每頁15條\n------\n")


if len(sys.argv) < 2:
    usage()
    sys.exit(1)

keyword = sys.argv[1]
if len(sys.argv) > 2:
    page_num = int(sys.argv[2])
else:
    page_num = 1
if len(sys.argv) > 3:
    city = sys.argv[3]
else:
    city = '全國'

LOG_FORMAT = "%(asctime)s - %(filename)s - %(funcName)s - %(lineno)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
logging.basicConfig(filename=f'log.lagou.log', level=logging.DEBUG, filemode='a', format=LOG_FORMAT)


def get_proxy():
    proxy_uri = 'socks5://127.0.0.1:1084'
    proxies = {
        'http': proxy_uri,
        'https': proxy_uri
    }
    return proxies


def search_jobs(keyword, page):
    proxies = get_proxy()
    myheaders = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 7.1.1; OS105 Build/NGI77B) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/62.0.3202.84 Mobile Safari/537.36',
    }
    headers = {
        'Host': 'm.lagou.com',
        'Accept': 'application/json,text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',
        'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 7.1.1; OS105 Build/NGI77B) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/62.0.3202.84 Mobile Safari/537.36',
        'Referer': 'https://m.lagou.com/search.html',
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9'
    }
    payload = {
        'city': city,
        'positionName': keyword,
        'pageNo': 1,
        'pageSize': 15
    }
    result = {}
    try:
        s = requests.Session()
        s.mount('http://', HTTPAdapter(max_retries=5))
        s.mount('https://', HTTPAdapter(max_retries=5))
        resp = s.get('https://m.lagou.com/search.html', headers=myheaders, proxies=proxies, timeout=10)
        for pn in range(1, page+1):
            payload['pageNo'] = pn
            try:
                resp = s.get('https://m.lagou.com/search.json', params=payload, proxies=proxies, timeout=10, headers=headers)
                jscontent = resp.text
                jsDict = json.loads(jscontent)
                statusJson = jsDict['state'] if 'state' in jsDict.keys() else 0
                if statusJson == 1:
                    if 'content' in jsDict.keys():
                        jsList = jsDict['content']['data']['page']['result']
                        for jsData in jsList:
                            result['positionId'] = jsData['positionId']
                            result['positionName'] = jsData['positionName']
                            result['city'] = jsData['city']
                            result['salary'] = jsData['salary']
                            result['companyFullName'] = jsData['companyFullName']
                            result['link'] = 'https://www.lagou.com/jobs/' + str(jsData['positionId']) + '.html'
                            print(json.dumps(result, ensure_ascii=False))
            except Exception as e:
                logging.exception(str(e))
    except requests.exceptions.ProxyError as e:
        logging.exception(f'proxy_error ' + str(e))
    except Exception as e:
        logging.exception(f'proxy: ' + str(e))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
        search_jobs(keyword, page_num)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)

腳本工具使用方法：

╰─ ./lagou_search.py
Usage:
         lagou_search <keyword> [page_number] [地理位置]

        <keyword> : 搜索職位名稱
        [page_number]顯示頁數,每頁15條
------

標籤：Python

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