使用測驗服務器的.NET6E2E測驗在TeamCityCI上失敗，但作業手動運行-有解無憂

我有一個 .NET 6 應用程式（帶有 ASP.NET Core Web 部件）。我使用cypress進行 E2E 測驗。在我們從 .NET Framework 遷移到 .NET 6 之后，我想在 Web 應用程式上運行 E2E cypress 測驗。

我的程序是我實際上在 C# 中運行 nUnit 測驗來初始化記憶體中的 SQLite 資料庫，然后將此資料庫連接用于我的應用程式。我使用這種方法在運行實際測驗之前創建 E2E 測驗所需的資料。然后我從 C# 單元測驗中運行 cypress。這一切在 .NET Framework 中運行良好，Web 應用程式在測驗期間實際運行，因此它可以在 IIS 中的真實 URL 上使用。

使用 .NET 6，我們有允許在記憶體中運行應用程式的類WebApplicationFactory 。但是，我希望我的 Web 應用程式在具有真實埠的真實 URL 下可用，因此我可以針對它啟動 cypress 測驗。

在探索了這個 GitHub 討論的各種想法之后，我創建了一個真實測驗應用程式工廠（具有真實 IP 和埠）：

public abstract class RealTestServerWebAppFactory<TStartup> : WebApplicationFactory<TStartup> where TStartup : class
{
    private bool _disposed;
    private IHost _host;

    public RealTestServerWebAppFactory()
    {
        ClientOptions.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
        ClientOptions.BaseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost");
    }
    
    public string ServerAddress
    {
        get
        {
            EnsureServer();
            return ClientOptions.BaseAddress.ToString();
        }
    }
    
    public override IServiceProvider Services
    {
        get
        {
            EnsureServer();
            return _host!.Services!;
        }
    }
    
    // Code created with advices from https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/issues/4892
    protected override void ConfigureWebHost(IWebHostBuilder builder)
    {
        base.ConfigureWebHost(builder);
        
        // Final port will be dynamically assigned
        builder.UseUrls("http://127.0.0.1:0");
        
        builder.ConfigureServices(ConfigureServices);
    }
    
    protected override IHost CreateHost(IHostBuilder builder)
    {
        // Create the host for TestServer now before we
        // modify the builder to use Kestrel instead.
        var testHost = builder.Build();

        // Modify the host builder to use Kestrel instead
        // of TestServer so we can listen on a real address.
        builder.ConfigureWebHost(webHostBuilder => webHostBuilder.UseKestrel());

        // Create and start the Kestrel server before the test server,
        // otherwise due to the way the deferred host builder works
        // for minimal hosting, the server will not get "initialized
        // enough" for the address it is listening on to be available.
        // See https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/issues/33846.
        _host = builder.Build();
        _host.Start();

        // Extract the selected dynamic port out of the Kestrel server
        // and assign it onto the client options for convenience so it
        // "just works" as otherwise it'll be the default http://localhost
        // URL, which won't route to the Kestrel-hosted HTTP server.
        var server = _host.Services.GetRequiredService<IServer>();
        var addresses = server.Features.Get<IServerAddressesFeature>();

        ClientOptions.BaseAddress = addresses!.Addresses
            .Select(x => new Uri(x))
            .Last();

        // Return the host that uses TestServer, rather than the real one.
        // Otherwise the internals will complain about the host's server
        // not being an instance of the concrete type TestServer.
        // See https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/pull/34702.
        testHost.Start();
        return testHost;
    }

    protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        base.Dispose(disposing);

        if (!_disposed)
        {
            if (disposing)
            {
                _host?.Dispose();
            }

            _disposed = true;
        }
    }

    protected abstract void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services);

    /// <summary>
    /// Makes sure that the server has actually been run.
    /// It must be executed at lest once to have the address and port assigned and the app fully working
    /// </summary>
    private void EnsureServer()
    {
        if (_host is null)
        {
            using var _ = CreateDefaultClient();
        }
    }
}

然后我創建了一個派生自的類RealTestServerWebAppFactory，我在其中設定了一些測驗依賴注入，但這對于我們的示例來說并不重要。我們稱這個子類MyServerTestApp。

測驗中的實體創建如下所示：

var serverTestApp = new MyServerTestApp();
serverTestApp.ServerAddress;

在第二行，EnsureServer()呼叫為應用程式創建默認客戶端的方法。它還CreateHost(IHostBuilder builder)從RealTestServerWebAppFactory具有所有魔力的類中呼叫。在本地，在此行之后，我有應用程式的 URL，我可以通過 Web 瀏覽器（或 E2E 測驗）訪問它。

現在，問題是測驗在本地運行良好。但是，我也在 CI 上執行它們 - 更準確地說是 TeamCity。TeamCity 用于運行這些測驗的dotnet test命令如下所示：

"C:\Program Files\dotnet\dotnet.exe" test C:\TeamCity\buildAgent\work\c9a5fb5bca7f6666\Tests\E2ETests\bin\Release\net6.0-windows\MyApp.E2ETests.dll /logger:logger://teamcity /TestAdapterPath:C:\TeamCity\buildAgent\plugins\dotnet\tools\vstest15 /logger:console;verbosity=normal

這實際上是對dotnet test命令的直接使用。但是，TeamCity 無法執行這些測驗，但有以下例外：

[12:47:54][dotnet test] A total of 1 test files matched the specified pattern.
[12:47:56][dotnet test] NUnit Adapter 4.2.0.0: Test execution started
[12:47:56][dotnet test] Running all tests in C:\TeamCity\buildAgent\work\c9a5fb5bca7f6666\Tests\E2ETests\bin\Release\net6.0-windows\MyApp.E2ETests.dll
[12:47:58][dotnet test]    NUnit3TestExecutor discovered 10 of 10 NUnit test cases using Current Discovery mode, Non-Explicit run
[12:48:07][dotnet test] Setup failed for test fixture MyApp.E2ETests.SomeTestsClass
[12:48:07][dotnet test] System.InvalidOperationException : Sequence contains no elements
[12:48:07][dotnet test] StackTrace:    at System.Linq.ThrowHelper.ThrowNoElementsException()
[12:48:07][dotnet test]    at System.Linq.Enumerable.Last[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
[12:48:07][dotnet test]    at MyApp.E2ETests.Infrastructure.RealTestServerWebAppFactory`1.CreateHost(IHostBuilder builder) in C:\TeamCity\buildAgent\work\c9a5fb5bca7f6666\Tests\MyApp.E2ETests\Infrastructure\RealTestServerWebAppFactory.cs:line 85
[12:48:07][dotnet test]    at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Testing.WebApplicationFactory`1.ConfigureHostBuilder(IHostBuilder hostBuilder)
[12:48:07][dotnet test]    at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Testing.WebApplicationFactory`1.EnsureServer()
[12:48:07][dotnet test]    at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Testing.WebApplicationFactory`1.CreateDefaultClient(DelegatingHandler[] handlers)
[12:48:07][dotnet test]    at MyApp.E2ETests.Infrastructure.RealTestServerWebAppFactory`1.EnsureServer() in C:\TeamCity\buildAgent\work\c9a5fb5bca7f6666\Tests\MyApp.E2ETests\Infrastructure\RealTestServerWebAppFactory.cs:line 122
[12:48:07][dotnet test]    at MyApp.E2ETests.Infrastructure.RealTestServerWebAppFactory`1.get_ServerAddress() in C:\TeamCity\buildAgent\work\c9a5fb5bca7f6666\Tests\MyApp.E2ETests\Infrastructure\RealTestServerWebAppFactory.cs:line 35
System.InvalidOperationException : Sequence contains no elements

似乎這段代碼：

var addresses = server.Features.Get<IServerAddressesFeature>();

回傳由 TeamCity 運行的地址的空連接。因此，這段代碼：

ClientOptions.BaseAddress = addresses!.Addresses
            .Select(x => new Uri(x))
            .Last();

失敗System.InvalidOperationException : Sequence contains no elements。

奇怪的是，如果我使用與dotnet testTeamCity 手動使用相同的命令運行這些測驗cmd，它就可以作業。它在同一臺 CI 機器上作業，但從手動執行cmd，而不是作為 TeamCity 的構建步驟。CI 機器運行 Windows Server 2019。

我一直認為這可能與用于運行 TeamCity 的用戶的權利/權限有關。但是，TeamCity 的 Windows 服務使用“本地系統”帳戶，因此據我所知，它應該具有所有權限。

任何幫助/想法表示贊賞:)

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

根據這個答案，您必須IServerAddressesFeature使用以下代碼設定默認地址：

var serverFeatures = featureCollection.Get<IServerAddressesFeature>();
if (serverFeatures.Addresses.Count == 0)
{
    ListenOn(DefaultAddress); // Start the server on the default address
    serverFeatures.Addresses.Add(DefaultAddress) // Add the default address to the IServerAddressesFeature
}

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標籤：C＃。网单元测试 asp.net 核心 .net-core

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