我正在從網路交換機中提取資料，它以這樣的字串形式出現。
Gi1/0/1 COMPUTER1 Full 1000 Auto Down off A (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/2 COMPUTER2 Full 1000 Auto Down On T (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/3 COMPUTER3 Full 1000 Auto Up Off A (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/4 COMPUTER4 Full 1000 Auto Down Off A (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/5 COMPUTER5 Full 1000 Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/6 COMPUTER6 Full 1000 Auto Up On T (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/7 COMPUTER7 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/8 COMPUTER8 Full 1000 Auto Up Off A 1
Gi1/0/9 COMPUTER9 Full 1000 Auto Up On T (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/10 COMPUTER10 Full 1000 Auto Up On T (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/11 COMPUTER11 Full 1000 Auto Up On T (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/12 COMPUTER12 Full 1000 Auto Up On T (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/13 COMPUTER13 Full 1000 Auto Up On T (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/14 COMPUTER14 Full 1000 Auto Up On T (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/15 Server1 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 55
Gi1/0/16 Server2 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off
Gi1/0/17 Server3 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off
Gi1/0/18 Server4 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off
Gi1/0/19 Server5 Full 1000 Auto Up On T (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/20 Server6 Full 1000 Auto Up On T (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/21 Server7 Full 1000 Auto Up On T (1),5-7777
Gi1/0/22 Server8 Full 1000 Auto Up On A 3311
Gi1/0/23 COMPUTER15 Full 1000 Auto Up Off A 25
Gi1/0/24 COMPUTER16 Full 1000 Auto Up On A 99
Gi1/0/25 COMPUTER17 Full 1000 Auto Up On A 99
Gi1/0/26 Server9 Full 10 Auto Up On A 99
Gi1/0/27 COMPUTER18 Full 10 Auto Up On A 99
Gi1/0/28 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/29 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/30 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/31 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/32 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/33 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/34 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/35 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/36 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/37 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/38 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/39 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/40 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/41 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/42 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/43 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/44 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/45 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/46 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/47 N/A Unknown Auto D-Down Off A 1
Gi1/0/48 N/A Unknown Auto Down Off A 1
我將 TextFSM 與 Netmiko 一起使用，但我想知道如何在不使用 TextFSM 的情況下格式化資料。
我想將資料轉換為可以決議的位置，如下所示：
print(port[14]['Description'])
我會得到 COMPUTER14
我認為結構需要是這樣的：
{port: {14: {
'Interface': 'Gi1/0/14',
'Description': 'COMPUTER14',
'Duplex': 'Full',
'Speed': '1000',
'Neg': 'Auto',
'Linkstate': 'Up',
'Flowctrl': 'On',
'M': 'T'
'VLAN': ['(1)', '5-7777']
},
15: {
'Interface': 'Gi1/0/15',
'Description': 'SERVER1',
'Duplex': 'N/A',
'Speed': 'Unknown',
'Neg': 'Auto',
'Linkstate': 'Down',
'Flowctrl': 'off',
'M': 'A',
'VLAN': [55]
}
}
}
# VLAN would be a list and anything that doesn't have data would return 'None'
但不確定如何使用 Python 解決這個問題。我能做的最多的是使用splitlines().
編輯：在我嘗試做之前：
data_list = output.splitlines()
for data in data_list:
print(data.split(' '))
但從那里出來的名單是這樣的：
['Gi1/0/1', '', '', 'COMPUTER1', 'Full', '', '', '1000', '', '', '', 'Auto', 'Down', '', '', '', '', 'off', '', '', '', 'A', '', '(1),5-7777']
從這里我看到我需要將串列變成字典，但我不知道如何解釋空間以及沒有資料的空間，我仍然想表明沒有資料。
出來的資料是這樣的：
['Gi1/0/28', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', 'N/A', '', '', '', 'Unknown', 'Auto', 'Down', '', '', 'Off', '', '', 'A', '', '1']
往前走，累了：
keys = ["Interface", "Description", "Duplex", "Speed", "Neg", "Linkstate", "Flowctrl", "M", "VLAN"]
for data in data_list:
z = zip(keys, data.split(' '))
dictionary = dict(z)
print(dictionary)
Although this makes a dictionary, the keys don't match the values correctly because of the spaces.
{'Interface': 'Gi1/0/1', 'Description': '', 'Duplex': '', 'Speed': 'COMPUTER1', 'Neg': 'Full', 'Linkstate': '', 'Flowctrl': '', 'M': '1000', 'VLAN': ''}
{'Interface': 'Gi1/0/28', 'Description': '', 'Duplex': '', 'Speed': '', 'Neg': '', 'Linkstate': '', 'Flowctrl': '', 'M': '', 'VLAN': ''}
How do I account for the spaces, or am I going the wrong direction here?
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
通過聊天中的對話，文本決議似乎是唯一的出路。我復制了整個文本并將其保存到一個檔案中，因為我假設您將命令的輸出存盤在一個檔案中。不過，為了回答的長度，我嘗試只運行幾個埠而不是所有 48 個埠。另外請注意，這僅在每列至少有一行資料時才有效。如果有一列沒有埠有任何資料，這將失敗
我沒有使用 readline，而是使用read()它以便我可以在\n. 這基本上\n在使用時洗掉了行中每個條目的末尾readlines()
with open('port_data.txt', 'r') as file:
contents = file.read()
lines = contents.split('\n')
noOfLine = len(lines)
我們還維護了一個列描述串列，我相信這些描述將來不會針對相關命令進行更改。
columns = ['Interfaces', 'Description', 'Duplex', 'Speed', 'Neg', 'LinkState', 'Flow Control', 'M', 'VLAN']
colSize = len(columns)
我所做的是為每列內容保留一個串列，以便可以輕松迭代以獲取所有資料。
# This is a list of lists.
# finalList[0] is a list of all ports
# finalList[1] is a list of all descriptions, etc.
# finalList will have 9 lists because we have 9 columns here.
finalList = []
# This is the output dictionary
output = {}
為了構建字典，我們將lines[]at a中的每一行分開' '。這將確保由 生成的串列的第一個索引split()具有您需要的資料。獲得該資料后，我們需要找出下一列的開始位置。
我們知道下一列在該列中最長條目之后的一些空格處開始。例如，如果row1中的名字是apple，row2中的名字是photosynthesis，那么我們知道在row1的第一個詞之后有更多的空間來容納row2中同列的長詞。為了找到這個大小，我們跟蹤變數中列的最大長度。我們對每一列都這樣做。
for i in range(len(columns)): # Perform the loop for every column
resultList = [] # This is used to keep the list of every entry in the current column
maxSize = 0 # This is the max length of an entry in the current column. We compute this at run time.
for line in lines:
line = line.rstrip() # Remove any trailing spaces in the right end.
curString = line.split(' ')[0] # Split and get the first word
maxSize = max(maxSize, len(curString)) # Update the maxSize
resultList.append(curString) # Add this word to the current column list.
finalList.append(resultList) # Add the current column to the list of columns we already created.
現在我們有了當前列中最大單詞的長度，我們可以確定對于每一行，下一列出現在某個點之后maxSize以適應間距。對于下一列非空的行，下一個單詞可以以幾個空格開頭。但是，對于下一列有空條目的行，會有更多的空格。
為了適應這種情況，我們找到當前 maxSize 之后空格數最少的行，并修剪行串列中的所有字串以從該位置開始。在同一個主回圈中
newLineList = [] # This is going to be the list of lines after we have removed the first entry
minLength = 10000 # Arbitrarily large number
if i != colSize-1: # We don't have to do this for the last column because we won't be processing it anymore.
for line in lines: # Each line
minLength = min(minLength, len(line[maxSize:])-len(line[maxSize:].lstrip())) # len(' Apple') - len('Apple') = 4 meaning there are 4 spaces from the current position of line[maxSize]
# Now that we have the minimum length, we can say for sure that the next column starts at maxSize minLength for every row.
for line in lines:
newLineList.append(line[maxSize minLength:]) # temporary holder for recomputed lines.
lines = [] # Set it to empty
for line in newLineList:
lines.append(line) # Append all the new lines to the original lines set for next iteration.
現在我們應該有一個這樣的串列：
>>> for x in finalList:
>>> ... print(x)
['Gi1/0/1', 'Gi1/0/2', 'Gi1/0/3', 'Gi1/0/4', 'Gi1/0/47', 'Gi1/0/48']
['COMPUTER1', 'COMPUTER2', 'COMPUTER3', 'COMPUTER4', '', '']
['Full', 'Full', 'Full', 'Full', 'N/A', 'N/A']
['1000', '1000', '1000', '1000', 'Unknown', 'Unknown']
['Auto', 'Auto', 'Auto', 'Auto', 'Auto', 'Auto']
['Down', 'Down', 'Up', 'Down', 'D-Down', 'Down']
['off', 'On', 'Off', 'Off', 'Off', 'Off']
['A', 'T', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A']
['(1),5-7777', '(1),5-7777', '(1),5-7777', '(1),5-7777', '1', '1']
既然我們在串列中單獨擁有了每一列，構建字典就不是那么困難了。
for i in range(noOfLine): # For each row
result = {} # This is a new entry in the final JSON of ports.
for j in range(colSize): # For each column
if(columns[j] == 'VLAN'): # For VLAN, we need to perform a split to get list output
result[columns[j]] = finalList[j][i].split(',') # If the VLAN is a single entry, we would just get that entry in a list.
else:
result[columns[j]] = finalList[j][i].strip() # Removes any excessive spaces.
name = finalList[0][i] # Get the port name like Gi1/0/1 or Gi1/0/2
output[name.split('/')[-1]] = result # Compute the actual port number. Split at '/' gives ['Gi1','0','1'] from which we take a last entry as the port number.
完整代碼放在一起：
import pprint
with open('Data_to_Csv.txt', 'r') as file:
contents = file.read()
lines = contents.split('\n')
noOfLine = len(lines)
columns = ['Interfaces', 'Description', 'Duplex', 'Speed', 'Neg', 'LinkState', 'Flow Control', 'M', 'VLAN']
colSize = len(columns)
finalList = []
output = {}
for i in range(len(columns)):
resultList = []
newLineList = []
maxSize = 0
for line in lines:
line = line.rstrip()
curString = line.split(' ')[0]
maxSize = max(maxSize, len(curString))
resultList.append(curString)
finalList.append(resultList)
minLength = 10000
if i != colSize-1:
for line in lines:
minLength = min(minLength, len(line[maxSize:])-len(line[maxSize:].lstrip()))
for line in lines:
newLineList.append(line[maxSize minLength:])
lines = []
for line in newLineList:
lines.append(line)
for x in finalList:
print(x)
for i in range(noOfLine):
result = {}
for j in range(colSize):
# print("J = {}".format(j))
if(columns[j] == 'VLAN'):
result[columns[j]] = finalList[j][i].split(',')
else:
result[columns[j]] = finalList[j][i].strip()
# print("Columns = {}".format(columns[j]))
# print("result = {}".format(result[columns[j]]))
name = finalList[0][i]
output[name.split('/')[-1]] = result
pprint.pprint(output)
上面代碼的輸出：
{'1': {'Description': 'COMPUTER1',
'Duplex': 'Full',
'Flow Control': 'off',
'Interfaces': 'Gi1/0/1',
'LinkState': 'Down',
'M': 'A',
'Neg': 'Auto',
'Speed': '1000',
'VLAN': ['(1)', '5-7777']},
'2': {'Description': 'COMPUTER2',
'Duplex': 'Full',
'Flow Control': 'On',
'Interfaces': 'Gi1/0/2',
'LinkState': 'Down',
'M': 'T',
'Neg': 'Auto',
'Speed': '1000',
'VLAN': ['(1)', '5-7777']},
'3': {'Description': 'COMPUTER3',
'Duplex': 'Full',
'Flow Control': 'Off',
'Interfaces': 'Gi1/0/3',
'LinkState': 'Up',
'M': 'A',
'Neg': 'Auto',
'Speed': '1000',
'VLAN': ['(1)', '5-7777']},
'4': {'Description': 'COMPUTER4',
'Duplex': 'Full',
'Flow Control': 'Off',
'Interfaces': 'Gi1/0/4',
'LinkState': 'Down',
'M': 'A',
'Neg': 'Auto',
'Speed': '1000',
'VLAN': ['(1)', '5-7777']},
'47': {'Description': '',
'Duplex': 'N/A',
'Flow Control': 'Off',
'Interfaces': 'Gi1/0/47',
'LinkState': 'D-Down',
'M': 'A',
'Neg': 'Auto',
'Speed': 'Unknown',
'VLAN': ['1']},
'48': {'Description': '',
'Duplex': 'N/A',
'Flow Control': 'Off',
'Interfaces': 'Gi1/0/48',
'LinkState': 'Down',
'M': 'A',
'Neg': 'Auto',
'Speed': 'Unknown',
'VLAN': ['1']}}
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