R：大資料集的for回圈和ifelse陳述句-我如何獲得我需要的資訊-有解無憂

我想計算一個人是否從一年到下一年幸存下來。0 表示它死了，1 表示它存活了。資料集由不同年份（2007 年到 2020 年）組成，計算應從 2008 年開始。我只希望 R 使用我擁有的資料的一部分。

我的資料集如下所示：

我的資料集的前 17 行

> ID 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
   1   0    1    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0     0   0   0  
   3   0    1    1    1    0    0    0    0    0    0    0     0   0   0 
   4   0    1    1    1    0    0    0    0    0    0    0     0   0   0
   9   0    1    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0     0   0   0
   24  0    0    1    1    1    1    1    1    1    1    1     1   1   0
  ...

我總共有 1,121 個條目，總共 16 個列。

我希望 R 從 2008 年的第一行開始，看看是否有 1。如果有 1，我希望 R 查看下一列（2009），看看是否還有 1（應該給我一個 1 作為輸出）或一個 0（應該給我一個 0 作為輸出）。如果沒有 1，我希望 R 檢查下一列，直到找到帶有 1 的年份，那么它應該如上所述檢查下一列。在它找到 1 并進行檢查后，它應該忽略剩余的列并移動到下一行并重復該程序。輸出應保存在新列中。

我嘗試了 for 回圈和 if else 陳述句以及 ifelse, if ...

我最接近目標的是使用以下代碼

for(x in foal_fates_2)) {
  if (foal_fates_2$`2008`=="1" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="1") {
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "1" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0") {
    print("0")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="1" && foal_fates_2$`2010` == "1"){
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="1" && foal_fates_2$`2010`== "0") {
    print("0")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="1" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="1"){
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="1" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0"){
    print("0")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="1" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="1"){
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="1" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0"){
    print("0")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="1" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="1"){
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="1" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0"){
    print("0")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="1" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "1"){
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="1" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`=="0"){
    print("0")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "1" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="1"){
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
            foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
            foal_fates_2$`2014`== "1" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="0"){
    print("0")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="1" && foal_fates_2$`2016` =="1"){
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="1" && foal_fates_2$`2016` =="0"){
    print("0")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2016` =="1" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2017`=="1"){
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2016` =="1" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2017`=="0"){
    print("0")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2016` =="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2017`=="1" && foal_fates_2$`2018`=="1"){
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2016` =="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2017`=="1" && foal_fates_2$`2018`=="0"){
    print("0")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2016` =="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2017`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2018`=="1" && foal_fates_2$`2019`=="1"){
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2016` =="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2017`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2018`=="1" && foal_fates_2$`2019`=="0"){
    print("0")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2016` =="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2017`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2018`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2019`=="1" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2020`=="1"){
    print("1")
  } else if (foal_fates_2$`2008`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2009` =="0" && foal_fates_2$`2010` =="0" && 
             foal_fates_2$`2011`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2012`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2013`=="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2014`== "0" && foal_fates_2$`2015`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2016` =="0" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2017`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2018`=="0" && foal_fates_2$`2019`=="1" &&
             foal_fates_2$`2020`=="0"){
    print("0")
  }

}

With this code R at least does something, and the result has the correct number of entities but the output is not correct. R gives me 0 and 1 but not at the correct place. Meaning e.g. for the first five rows R gave me the results "0" "0" "0" "1" "0" but it should be "0" "1" "1" "1" "0". At least if I understand it correctly. I am new to R so maybe for loop and if else are not the right tools for what I want to do. So, the question is how can I get to my goal. I would really appreciate any help.

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

我會撰寫一個應用于每一行的函式。類似于以下內容（當然可以更詳細，但應該可以完成作業）：

numberAfterFirstOne <- function(myRow){
  x <- which(myRow == 1)[1] 
  if (length(x   1) < length(myRow)) # 
    return(myRow[x   1])
  else 
    return(NA)
}

解釋：

哪些索引等于1，選擇第一個即可；如果沒有為 1，則 x 將為 NA。
如果在第一個值之后有一個值，則回傳它
回傳 NA（也可以是 0 或任何你想要的“鍵值”

為了測驗這里是一個示例資料集：

n <- 5
m <- 16
set.seed(1562) # for reproducability
dataset <- as.data.frame(matrix(ncol = m, nrow = n, data = round(runif(m * n, 0, 0.7))))
dataset <- rbind(dataset, rep(0, 16))

  V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16
1  1  0  0  1  0  0  0  1  0   1   0   1   0   0   1   0
2  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  0  0   1   1   0   0   0   1   0
3  0  0  0  0  0  1  0  0  0   0   0   1   0   0   0   1
4  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0   1   0   0   1   0   1   0
5  0  1  1  0  0  1  0  1  0   1   0   1   0   0   1   0
6  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0

然后是每一行apply的函式numberAfterFirstOne（apply 類似于 for 回圈，但寫和讀更整潔）。

apply(dataset, 1, numberAfterFirstOne)
[1]  0  1  0  0  1 NA

這類似于帶有 for 回圈的更笨重的構造：

result <- c()
for (i in 1:nrow(dataset)){
  result[i] <- numberAfterFirstOne(dataset[i, ])
}

You could now tweak the function to return what you want. At the moment there could be 0, 1, or NA returned, maybe you just want 1 and 0 or 1 and NA. The check with if (length(x 1)) would not be necessary, because if the index is out of bounce, NA is returned by myRow[x 1] which would make the function even simpler.

You could also modify the code, so that the year is also returned:

colnames(dataset) <- 2007:2020 # name the columns of the example dataset

numberAfterFirstOne <- function(myRow){
  x <- which(myRow == 1)[1]
  return(c(x, myRow[x   1])) # return the column index   the value
}

result <- apply(dataset, 1, numberAfterFirstOne) #save the result
result[1, ] <- names(dataset)[result[1, ]] # set column index to name of dataset column
     [,1]   [,2]   [,3]   [,4]   [,5]   [,6]
[1,] "2007" "2007" "2012" "2007" "2008" NA  
[2,] "0"    "1"    "0"    "0"    "1"    NA

轉載請註明出處，本文鏈接：https://www.uj5u.com/qiye/437103.html

標籤：loops if-statement

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