我正在生成一個 tkinter 應用程式，并且我需要將它與類和物件一起采用。我嘗試的示例給了我錯誤，AttributeError: '_tkinter.tkapp' object has no attribute 'add'。這是作業示例。
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfile
from tkinter.font import Font
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
# intializing the window
root = self
root.title("Data Visualization")
# configuring size of the window
root.geometry('800x650')
# this removes the maximize button
root.resizable(0,0)
# Styling the tabs
s = ttk.Style()
s.theme_create('pastel', settings={
".": {
"configure": {
"background": '#ffffff', # All except tabs
"font": 'red'
}
},
"TNotebook": {
"configure": {
"background":'#848a98', # Your margin color
"tabmargins": [5, 5, 4, 4], # margins: left, top, right, separator
}
},
"TNotebook.Tab": {
"configure": {
"background": '#d9ffcc', # tab color when not selected
"padding": [10, 2], # [space between text and horizontal tab-button border, space between text and vertical tab_button border]
"font":"white"
},
"map": {
"background": [("selected", '#ccffff')], # Tab color when selected
"expand": [("selected", [1, 1, 1, 0])] # text margins
}
}
})
s.theme_use('pastel')
#s.theme_use('default')
s.configure('TNotebook.Tab', font=('URW Gothic L','13','bold'))
#s.map("TNotebook", background= [("selected", "#ffffff")])
my_font = Font(
family = 'Arial',
size = 15,
weight = 'bold',
slant = 'roman',
underline = 0,
overstrike = 0
)
my_font2 = Font(
family = 'Arial',
size = 11,
#weight = 'bold',
slant = 'roman',
underline = 0,
overstrike = 0
)
#Create Tab Control
notebook = ttk.Notebook(root)
# Configuration inside each tab
f1 = tk.Frame(notebook,background="#FFFAF0")
f2 = tk.Frame(notebook,background="#ffffff")
f3 = tk.Frame(notebook,background="#ffffff")
f4 = tk.Frame(notebook,background="#ffffff")
# Configure tab titles
notebook.add(f1, text="About" )
notebook.add(f2, text="Load and Save Actions" )
notebook.add(f3, text="Preprocess" )
notebook.add(f4, text="Visualize" )
#Tab Name Labels
#ttk.Label(f1, text="This is Tab 1").grid(column=3, row=2)
ttk.Label(f2, text="This is Tab 2").grid(column=2, row=2)
#logo
logo = Image.open('airport.jpg')
#Resize the Image using resize method
resized_image= logo.resize((600,300), Image.ANTIALIAS)
logo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(resized_image)
logo_label = ttk.Label(f1,image=logo,relief="raised")
logo_label.image = logo
#logo_label.grid(column=3, row=0)
logo_label.place(relx=0.12,rely=0.1) # using place
# Tab1
ttk.Label(f1, text="Airports, Airport-frequencies and Runways analysis", font=my_font).place(relx=0.2,rely=0.03)
#label = tk.Label(f1, text="This application allows you to analyze Airports, Airport-frequencies and Runways \n of Europe", font=my_font2).place(rely=0.63,anchor="center")
#text box
text_box = tk.Text(f1, height =10,font=my_font2)
text_box.insert(1.0,"""This application allows you to analyze Airports, Airport-frequencies and Runways of Europe.
? Tab "Load and Save Actions" is to load the initial data set (which consists of three CSV files) and translate it into a suitable format. \n\n? Tab "Preprocess" is to clean and prepare the initial data set, managing inconsistences, \nerrors, missing values and any specific changes required. \n\n? Tab "Visualize" is to use the prepared data set to generate output and visualisations.""" )
text_box.tag_configure("center", justify="center")
text_box.tag_add("center", 1.0, "end")
text_box.place(relx=0.1, rely=0.65)
text_box.config(highlightthickness = 2, borderwidth=0,background='#FFFAFA')
notebook.pack(expand=1, fill="both")
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = App()
app.mainloop()
我試圖將其分解為如下所示的類。這些類應該是理想的，主標題類、選項卡類和選項卡類需要以選項卡方式繼承。有人可以幫忙嗎
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfile
from tkinter.font import Font
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
# intializing the window
self.title("Data Visualization")
# configuring size of the window
self.geometry('800x650')
# this removes the maximize button
self.resizable(0,0)
def tabs(self):
notebook = self
f1 = tk.Frame(notebook,background="#FFFAF0")
notebook.add(f1, text="About" )
#logo
logo = Image.open('airport.jpg')
#Resize the Image using resize method
resized_image= logo.resize((600,300), Image.ANTIALIAS)
logo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(resized_image)
logo_label = ttk.Label(f1,image=logo,relief="raised")
logo_label.image = logo
#logo_label.grid(column=3, row=0)
logo_label.place(relx=0.12,rely=0.1) # using place
# Tab1
ttk.Label(f1, text="Airports, Airport-frequencies and Runways analysis", font=my_font).place(relx=0.2,rely=0.03)
#label = tk.Label(f1, text="This application allows you to analyze Airports, Airport-frequencies and Runways \n of Europe", font=my_font2).place(rely=0.63,anchor="center")
#text box
text_box = tk.Text(f1, height =10,font=my_font2)
text_box.insert(1.0,"""This application allows you to analyze Airports, Airport-frequencies and Runways of Europe.
? Tab "Load and Save Actions" is to load the initial data set (which consists of three CSV files) and translate it into a suitable format. \n\n? Tab "Preprocess" is to clean and prepare the initial data set, managing inconsistences, \nerrors, missing values and any specific changes required. \n\n? Tab "Visualize" is to use the prepared data set to generate output and visualisations.""" )
text_box.tag_configure("center", justify="center")
text_box.tag_add("center", 1.0, "end")
text_box.place(relx=0.1, rely=0.65)
text_box.config(highlightthickness = 2, borderwidth=0,background='#FFFAFA')
notebook.pack(expand=1, fill="both")
if __name__ == "__main__":
App().tabs()
app.mainloop()
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
問題在這里：
class App(tk.Tk):
.
.
.
def tabs(self):
notebook = self # <- HERE (see below)
f1 = tk.Frame(notebook, background="#FFFAF0")
notebook.add(f1, text="About" )
因為tabs()是你類內部的一個方法，所以它直接App(tk.Tk)繼承了 from 的屬性——也就是說in參考了來自的類屬性！tk.Tksuper().__init__()selftabs()tk.Tk
基本上, notebook = tk.Tk(), 并tk.Tk()沒有add()方法！
我假設您想要一個實際的 Tk Notebook 小部件，因此請嘗試：
def tabs(self):
# create a new Notebook widget with App as its parent
notebook = tk.Notebook(self) # <- do this instead!
f1 = tk.Frame(notebook, background="#FFFAF0")
notebook.add(f1, text="About" )
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