僅使用elementTree獲取和迭代的屬性

我有這些xml：

<DEFINITION xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="Fol.xsd">
    <FOLDER SERVER="CTMAFB" VERSION="918" SO="UNIX" FOLDER_NAME="FOLDER_ONE" MODIFIED="False" LAST_UPLOAD="20220518084048UTC" FOLDER_ORDER_METHOD="SYSTEM" REAL_FOLDER_ID="2" TYPE="1" USED_BY_CODE="0">
        <JOB ID="256" APP="APP" SUB_APP="SUBAPP" JOBNAME="JOBA" CREATED_BY="emuser" RUN_AS="root" CRITICAL="0" CREATION_DATE="20190916" CREATION_TIME="120730" PARENT_FOLDER="FOLDER_ONE">
            <SHOUT WHEN="DDD" TIME="1825"/>
        </JOB>
        <JOB ID="263" APP="APP" SUB_APP="SUBAPP" JOBNAME="JOBB" CREATION_TIME="174238" PARENT_FOLDER="FOLDER_ONE">
        </JOB>
    </FOLDER>
    <FOLDER SERVER="CTMAFB" VERSION="918" SO="UNIX" FOLDER_NAME="FOLDER_TWO" MODIFIED="False" LAST_UPLOAD="20220611092853UTC" REAL_FOLDER_ID="589" TYPE="1" USED_BY_CODE="0">
        <JOB ID="2" APP="APP" SUB_APP="SUB" JOBNAME="JOBC" CREATION_DATE="20220611" VPARENT_FOLDER="FOLDER_TWO" />
        <JOB ID="3" APP="APP" SUB_APP="SUB" JOBNAME="JOBD" CREATION_DATE="20220611" CREATION_TIME="102504" CHANGE_USERID="ESY9C4DB" CHANGE_DATE="20220611"  PARENT_FOLDER="FOLDER_TWO" />
    </FOLDER>
</DEFINITION>

您如何看到有兩個檔案夾名稱，每個檔案夾名稱中有兩個作業。

我想用代碼得到它：

for nodes in tree.iter('FOLDER'):   
    nameFolder = nodes.attrib.get('FOLDER_NAME')
    print('NameFolder is ...'   nameFolder)
    
    for nodes in tree.iter('JOB'):       
        name = nodes.attrib.get('JOBNAME')
        print('NAMEEEE .... '   name)

但是使用該代碼，我得到：

NameFolder is ...FOLDER_ONE
NAMEEEE ....  JOBA
NAMEEEE ....  JOBB
NAMEEEE ....  JOBC
NAMEEEE ....  JOBD
NameFolder is ...FOLDER_TWO
NAMEEEE .... JOBA
NAMEEEE ....  JOBB
NAMEEEE ....  JOBC
NAMEEEE ....  JOBD

我需要

NameFolder is ...FOLDER_ONE
NAMEEEE ....  JOBA
NAMEEEE ....  JOBB
NameFolder is ...FOLDER_TWO
NAMEEEE .... JOBC
NAMEEEE ....  JOBD

請問有什么幫助嗎？謝謝

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

清單[Python.Docs]：xml.etree.ElementTree - ElementTree XML API。

問題是，在你的內部回圈中，你迭代了整個樹，而實際上你應該只迭代當前的樹（節點- 在這里你也有一個名稱沖突）。

代碼00.py：

#!/usr/bin/env python

import sys
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET


xml_blob = """
<DEFINITION xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="Fol.xsd">
    <FOLDER SERVER="CTMAFB" VERSION="918" SO="UNIX" FOLDER_NAME="FOLDER_ONE" MODIFIED="False" LAST_UPLOAD="20220518084048UTC" FOLDER_ORDER_METHOD="SYSTEM" REAL_FOLDER_ID="2" TYPE="1" USED_BY_CODE="0">
        <JOB ID="256" APP="APP" SUB_APP="SUBAPP" JOBNAME="JOBA" CREATED_BY="emuser" RUN_AS="root" CRITICAL="0" CREATION_DATE="20190916" CREATION_TIME="120730" PARENT_FOLDER="FOLDER_ONE">
            <SHOUT WHEN="DDD" TIME="1825"/>
        </JOB>
        <JOB ID="263" APP="APP" SUB_APP="SUBAPP" JOBNAME="JOBB" CREATION_TIME="174238" PARENT_FOLDER="FOLDER_ONE">
        </JOB>
    </FOLDER>
    <FOLDER SERVER="CTMAFB" VERSION="918" SO="UNIX" FOLDER_NAME="FOLDER_TWO" MODIFIED="False" LAST_UPLOAD="20220611092853UTC" REAL_FOLDER_ID="589" TYPE="1" USED_BY_CODE="0">
        <JOB ID="2" APP="APP" SUB_APP="SUB" JOBNAME="JOBC" CREATION_DATE="20220611" VPARENT_FOLDER="FOLDER_TWO" />
        <JOB ID="3" APP="APP" SUB_APP="SUB" JOBNAME="JOBD" CREATION_DATE="20220611" CREATION_TIME="102504" CHANGE_USERID="ESY9C4DB" CHANGE_DATE="20220611"  PARENT_FOLDER="FOLDER_TWO" />
    </FOLDER>
</DEFINITION>
"""


def main(*argv):
    root = ET.fromstring(xml_blob)
    for folder_node in root.iter("FOLDER"):
        print(folder_node.attrib.get("FOLDER_NAME"))
        for job_node in folder_node.iter("JOB"):  # Iterate on folder_node, NOT root
            print("  ", job_node.attrib.get("JOBNAME"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("Python {:s} {:03d}bit on {:s}\n".format(" ".join(elem.strip() for elem in sys.version.split("\n")),
                                                   64 if sys.maxsize > 0x100000000 else 32, sys.platform))
    rc = main(*sys.argv[1:])
    print("\nDone.")
    sys.exit(rc)

輸出：

[cfati@CFATI-5510-0:e:\Work\Dev\StackOverflow\q072586383]> "e:\Work\Dev\VEnvs\py_pc064_03.09_test0\Scripts\python.exe" ./code00.py
Python 3.9.9 (tags/v3.9.9:ccb0e6a, Nov 15 2021, 18:08:50) [MSC v.1929 64 bit (AMD64)] 064bit on win32

FOLDER_ONE
   JOBA
   JOBB
FOLDER_TWO
   JOBC
   JOBD

Done.

就個人而言，在遍歷XML樹時，我更喜歡XPath ：

• [SO]：通過指定多個存在的子名稱來決議 XML（@CristiFati 的回答）

• [SO]：在 python 中將一些 XML 欄位決議為文本檔案（@CristiFati 的回答）

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