如何創建帶有不斷添加新標簽的TKinter可滾動框架

我正在嘗試為一種聊天客戶端創建一個 GUI。我正在使用異步獲取聊天，并且正在使用多處理將資料通過管道傳輸到 TKinter。一切正常，但我目前遇到的問題是當新訊息進入時，它們被添加到畫布中，我無法滾動并且畫布水平很小，所以我只能看到前兩個字母訊息的反正。我對 Python GUI 完全陌生，所以這可能是一個非常簡單的解決方案。

這是我現在擁有的代碼：

import tkinter as tk

class App(tk.Tk):

    def __init__(self, pipe, *args, **kw):
        super().__init__(*args, **kw)
        self.app_pipe, _ = pipe
        self.check_interval = 250
        global message_queue
        message_queue = []

        self.configure(bg='gray')
        self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)

        frame_main = tk.Frame(self, bg='gray')
        frame_main.grid(sticky='news')
        frame_main.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        label1 = tk.Label(frame_main, text='Channel')
        label1.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nw')

        frame_canvas = tk.Frame(frame_main, bg='red')
        frame_canvas.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='nw')

        canvas = tk.Canvas(frame_canvas, bg='yellow')
        canvas.grid(row=0, column=0)

        vsb = tk.Scrollbar(canvas, orient='vertical', command=canvas.yview)
        vsb.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='ns')
        canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set)

        global names_frame
        names_frame = tk.Frame(canvas)
        canvas.create_window((0, 0), window=names_frame, anchor='nw')
        frame_canvas.bind('<Configure>', lambda e: canvas.configure(scrollregion=canvas.bbox('all')))

        self.bind('<<newMessage>>', self.add_message)

        self.after(self.check_interval, self.check)
    
    def check(self):
        while self.app_pipe.poll():
            msg = self.app_pipe.recv()

            if len(message_queue) < 200:
                message_queue.append(msg)
            elif len(message_queue) == 199:
                message_queue.pop(0)
                message_queue.append(msg)

            self.event_generate('<<newMessage>>', when='tail')

        self.after(self.check_interval, self.check)

    def add_message(self, *args):
        if message_queue[-1]['command'] == 'message':
            message = message_queue[-1]['data']
            print(message.author.name, len(message_queue))
            name = tk.Label(names_frame, text=message.author.name)
            name.grid(row=len(message_queue)-1, column=0)

這是 GUI 最終的樣子：

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

有兩個問題：

• 您已將滾動條創建vsb為canvas. 它應該是一個frame_canvas孩子

• 您需要在調整大小時更新scrollregion，而不是canvasnames_frameframe_canvas

class App(tk.Tk):

    def __init__(self, pipe, *args, **kw):
        super().__init__(*args, **kw)
        self.app_pipe, _ = pipe
        self.check_interval = 250
        global message_queue
        message_queue = []

        self.configure(bg='gray')
        self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)

        frame_main = tk.Frame(self, bg='gray')
        frame_main.grid(sticky='news')
        frame_main.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        label1 = tk.Label(frame_main, text='Channel')
        label1.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nw')

        frame_canvas = tk.Frame(frame_main, bg='red')
        frame_canvas.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='nw')

        canvas = tk.Canvas(frame_canvas, bg='yellow')
        canvas.grid(row=0, column=0)

        # should create 'vsb' as child of 'frame_canvas' instead
        vsb = tk.Scrollbar(frame_canvas, orient='vertical', command=canvas.yview)
        vsb.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='ns')
        canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set)

        global names_frame
        names_frame = tk.Frame(canvas)
        canvas.create_window((0, 0), window=names_frame, anchor='nw')
        # should bind '<Configure>' on 'names_frame' instead
        names_frame.bind('<Configure>', lambda e: canvas.configure(scrollregion=canvas.bbox('all')))

        self.bind('<<newMessage>>', self.add_message)

        self.after(self.check_interval, self.check)
...

請注意，最好使用 makemessage_queue和names_frame實體變數而不是全域變數。

標籤：Python tkinter

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