我想要具有字串'VarList'的行之前的所有行。我不明白為什么其他地方提出的解決方案不適用于我的 txt 檔案。
簡化：
我有許多看起來像這樣的 .txt 檔案：
text1=text
text2=text
(...)
textN=text
VarList=text
(...)
End
我只想要這個：
text1=text
text2=text
(...)
textN=text
如何為目錄路徑中的所有 txt 檔案獲取它？
首先我試過這個：
import os
for subdir, dirs, files in os.walk('C:\\Users\\nigel\\OneDrive\\Documents\\LAB\\lean\\.txt'):
for file in files:
output=[]
with open(file, 'r') as inF:
for line in inF:
output.append(line)
if 'VarList' in line: break
f=open(file, 'w')
blank=['']
[f.write(x) for x in output]
[f.write(x '\n') for x in blank]
f.close()
txt 檔案中沒有任何變化，但該檔案在其中一行中有字串“VarList”。那么，為什么它不起作用？
然后：
import re
def trim(test_string, removal_string):
return re.sub(r'^(.*?)(' removal_string ')(.*)$', r'\1' r'\2', test_string)
def cleanFile(file_path, removal_string):
with open(file_path) as master_text:
return trim(master_text, removal_string)
cleanFile(r'C:\Users\nigel\OneDrive\Documents\LAB\lean\sample_01.02_R00.txt', 'VarList')
我得到這個錯誤：
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) Input In [2], in <cell line: 16>()
13 with open(file_path) as master_text:
14 return trim(master_text, removal_string)
---> 16 cleanFile(r'C:\Users\nigel\OneDrive\Documents\LAB\lean\sample_01.02_R00.txt', 'VarList')
Input In [2], in cleanFile(file_path, removal_string)
12 def cleanFile(file_path, removal_string):
13 with open(file_path) as master_text:
---> 14 return trim(master_text, removal_string)
Input In [2], in trim(test_string, removal_string)
9 def trim(test_string, removal_string):
---> 10 return re.sub(r'^(.*?)(' removal_string ')(.*)$', r'\1' r'\2', test_string)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\re.py:210, in sub(pattern, repl, string, count, flags)
203 def sub(pattern, repl, string, count=0, flags=0):
204 """Return the string obtained by replacing the leftmost
205 non-overlapping occurrences of the pattern in string by the
206 replacement repl. repl can be either a string or a callable;
207 if a string, backslash escapes in it are processed. If it is
208 a callable, it's passed the Match object and must return
209 a replacement string to be used."""
--> 210 return _compile(pattern, flags).sub(repl, string, count)
TypeError: expected string or bytes-like object
最后，我嘗試過：
with open(r'C:\Users\nigel\OneDrive\Documents\LAB\lean\sample_01.02_R00.txt', 'r') as importFile, open(r'C:\Users\nigel\OneDrive\Documents\LAB\lean\sample_01.02_R00_temp.txt', 'w') as exportFile:
head, sep, tail = importFile.partition('VarList')
exportFile = head
importFile.close()
exportFile.close()
錯誤：
-------------------------------------------------- ------------------------- AttributeError Traceback (最近一次呼叫最后一次) Input In [2], in <cell line: 3>() 1 #解決方案 3 3 使用 open(r'C:\Users\nigel\OneDrive\Documents\LAB\lean\sample_01.02_R00.txt', 'r') 作為 importFile, open(r'C:\Users\nigel\OneDrive\ Documents\LAB\lean\sample_01.02_R00_temp.txt', 'w') as exportFile: ----> 4 head, sep, tail = importFile.partition('VarList') 5 exportFile = head 7 importFile.close()
AttributeError：“_io.TextIOWrapper”物件沒有屬性“磁區”
有沒有人知道這里發生了什么？
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
我認為使用 Python 的pathlib可以使這項任務變得更容易，因為它有一些用于讀取和寫入文本檔案的有用方法。
pathlib 還具有glob允許添加“**”以表示“此目錄和所有子目錄，遞回地”的功能。
為了截斷檔案，我選擇使用 Python 的串列推導來查找以所需字串開頭的行，然后在該點對行串列進行切片。
例如：
from pathlib import Path
def trim_files(dirname: Path, end_before: str) -> None:
for file in dirname.glob("**/*.txt"):
content = file.read_text().splitlines()
location = [content.index(line)
for line in content if end_before in line]
if location:
file.write_text("\n".join(content[:location[0]]))
if __name__ == '__main__':
search_directory = Path.home().joinpath('Documents', 'LAB')
trim_files(search_directory, 'VarList')
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
在檢查“VarList”之前，您將附加到輸出。正確的方法是：
with open(file, 'r') as inF:
for line in inF:
if 'VarList' in line:
break
output.append(line)
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