報錯：Error: Expected parameter 'from' not passed to function.

EVM/moonbeam_doc/Using with Truffle/TruffleTest/MetaCoin$ truffle migrate

Compiling your contracts...
===========================
> Everything is up to date, there is nothing to compile.

Error: Expected parameter 'from' not passed to function.
    at has (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/expect/dist/src/index.js:10:1)
    at Object.options (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/expect/dist/src/index.js:19:1)
    at Object.run (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/migrate/index.js:65:1)
    at runMigrations (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/core/lib/commands/migrate.js:258:1)
    at processTicksAndRejections (internal/process/task_queues.js:93:5)
    at Object.run (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/core/lib/commands/migrate.js:223:1)
    at Command.run (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/core/lib/command.js:172:1)
Truffle v5.4.3 (core: 5.4.3)
Node v14.15.5

解決：
在trufle-config.js中添加：from引數，表示哪個賬戶在部署合約
添加前：

module.exports = {
  networks: {
    development: {
      host: "127.0.0.1",
      port: 9933,
      network_id: "*",     

    }
  }        

};

添加后：

module.exports = {
  networks: {
    development: {
      host: "127.0.0.1",
      port: 9933,
      network_id: "*",
      from: "0x6Be02d1d3665660d22FF9624b7BE0551ee1Ac91b",

    }
  }        

};

0x6Be02d1d3665660d22FF9624b7BE0551ee1Ac91b 是節點內置的以太坊賬戶，

再次部署：truffle migrate，報錯：no signer available.

EVM/moonbeam_doc/Using with Truffle/TruffleTest/MetaCoin$ truffle migrate

Compiling your contracts...
===========================
> Everything is up to date, there is nothing to compile.



Starting migrations...
======================
> Network name:    'development'
> Network id:      1281
> Block gas limit: 15000000 (0xe4e1c0)


1_initial_migration.js
======================

   Deploying 'Migrations'
   ----------------------

Error:  *** Deployment Failed ***

"Migrations" -- Returned error: no signer available.

    at /usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/deployer/src/deployment.js:365:1
    at processTicksAndRejections (internal/process/task_queues.js:93:5)
    at Migration._deploy (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/migrate/Migration.js:70:1)
    at Migration._load (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/migrate/Migration.js:56:1)
    at Migration.run (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/migrate/Migration.js:217:1)
    at Object.runMigrations (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/migrate/index.js:150:1)
    at Object.runFrom (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/migrate/index.js:110:1)
    at Object.run (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/migrate/index.js:87:1)
    at runMigrations (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/core/lib/commands/migrate.js:258:1)
    at Object.run (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/core/lib/commands/migrate.js:223:1)
    at Command.run (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/webpack:/packages/core/lib/command.js:172:1)
Truffle v5.4.3 (core: 5.4.3)
Node v14.15.5

查看賬戶
先進入truffle控制臺：

truffle console

默認賬戶：

truffle migrate命令運行遷移腳本來部署合約，

執行truffle migrate時使用的賬戶是哪個？
web3.eth.defaultAccount – 默認賬戶

web3.eth.defaultAccount屬性記錄了默認地址，在以下方法中如果沒有指定from屬性，將使用web3.eth.defaultAccount屬性的值作為默認的from屬性值，

• web3.eth.sendTransaction()
• web3.eth.call()
• new web3.eth.Contract() -> myContract.methods.myMethod().call()
• new web3.eth.Contract() -> myContract.methods.myMethod().send()

呼叫：

web3.eth.defaultAccount

屬性：
String – 20 Bytes: 以太坊地址，你應當在節點或keystore中存有該地址的私鑰，默認值為undefined

示例代碼：

web3.eth.defaultAccount;
> undefined

// set the default account
web3.eth.defaultAccount = '0x11f4d0A3c12e86B4b5F39B213F7E19D048276DAe';

ganache-cli預置了10個賬戶，truffle migrate默認使用第一個預置的賬戶進行部署合約，

相關內容：
https://www.trufflesuite.com/docs/truffle/getting-started/interacting-with-your-contracts

Truffle/npm error “Expected parameter ‘from’ not passed to function”
Truffle實踐
Default Truffle project gives ‘Expected parameter ‘from’ not passed to function.’ error after ‘truffle migrate’ command #548

詳解 Truffle Migrations（遷移）- 合約部署不再困惑
以太坊開發學習筆記 - truffle migrate