為什么當我指定我的型別的Optional時Mockito回傳null-有解無憂

我在控制器上有一個方法來獲取聊天室所有懲罰型別的串列（踢、禁止、警告和靜音）。在我模擬資料的第一個測驗中，它按預期作業并且測驗通過。

但是，在我提供的第二次測驗中。我定義了應該回傳的Optional<Punishment>內容，懲罰名稱的屬性設定為“靜音”。我很困惑為什么這給了我null。當我在測驗之外運行 Spring 應用程式時，路由作業正常。出于某種原因，模擬從不想回傳我指定的值，而只是回傳 null。具體來說，這被在線測驗中捕獲，.andExpect(jsonPath("$.punishmentName", Matchers.equalTo("mute")));因為欄位值為 null 給出以下錯誤：

java.lang.AssertionError: No value at JSON path "$.punishmentName"

為了清楚起見，我還提供了控制器方法和服務方法。

懲罰控制器測驗：

@WebMvcTest(PunishmentController.class)
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class PunishmentControllerTest {

@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;

@MockBean
private PunishmentService punishmentService;

@MockBean
private PunishmentValidator punishmentValidator;

@Test
public void getAllPunishmentTypesReturnsAListOfPunishmentTypes() throws Exception {
    List<Punishment> punishments = new ArrayList<>();
    punishments.add(new Punishment("mute"));
    punishments.add(new Punishment("kick"));
    punishments.add(new Punishment("ban"));
    punishments.add(new Punishment("warn"));

    Mockito.when(punishmentService.getAllPunishmentTypes()).thenReturn(punishments);

    mvc.perform(get("/api/punishments"))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$", Matchers.hasSize(4)))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].punishmentName", Matchers.equalTo("mute")))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$[1].punishmentName", Matchers.equalTo("kick")))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$[2].punishmentName", Matchers.equalTo("ban")))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$[3].punishmentName", Matchers.equalTo("warn")));
}

@Test
public void getPunishmentTypeReturnsMuteWhenMuteIsSpecified() throws Exception {
    Optional<Punishment> mute = Optional.of(new Punishment("mute"));
    Mockito.when(punishmentService.getPunishmentType("mute")).thenReturn(mute);

    mvc.perform(get("/api/punishments/mute"))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.punishmentName", Matchers.equalTo("mute")));
}

控制器方法：

    /**
     * GET request for all punishment types.
     * @return List<Punishment> - When Punishments are found in the database they are returned in a List object.
     *                            Otherwise, an empty list is returned if no records are found or an error occurs.
     */
    @GetMapping
    public List<Punishment> getAllPunishments() {
        return punishmentService.getAllPunishmentTypes();
    }

    /**
     * GET request for one punishment type.
     * @param punishmentType String - The type of punishment.
     * @return Optional<Punishment> - The rule that gets returned or an empty optional if no rule is found.
     */
    @GetMapping(path = "{punishmentType}")
    public Optional<Punishment> getPunishment(@PathVariable("punishmentType") String punishmentType) {
        boolean isPunishmentTypeValid = punishmentValidator.validatePunishmentName(punishmentType);

        if (isPunishmentTypeValid) {
            return punishmentService.getPunishmentType(punishmentType);
        } else {
            return Optional.empty();
        }
    }
}

服務方式：

    /**
     * Gets all the punishment types
     * @return List<Punishment> - The rules in the community
     */
    public List<Punishment> getAllPunishmentTypes() {
        return punishmentRepository.findAll();
    }

    /**
     * Gets a specific punishment type.
     * @param punishmentType String - The type of punishment.
     * @return The punishment retrieved.
     */
    public Optional<Punishment> getPunishmentType(String punishmentType) {
        return punishmentRepository.findById(punishmentType);
    }

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

我相信這是因為您忘記模擬PunishmentValidator#validatePunishmentName("mute")要回傳true的方法，從而PunishmentService永遠不會呼叫您存根的方法，因為默認情況下，如果您不存根方法，它將回傳 false（請參閱this）。

此外，它是一種已知行為，@MockBean被配置為寬松的存根UnnecessaryStubbingException，如果您存根一個方法但它實際上沒有被執行，它不會報告錯誤（即 throw ）。

因此，更改以下內容應該可以解決您的問題：

@Test
public void getPunishmentTypeReturnsMuteWhenMuteIsSpecified() throws Exception {
    Optional<Punishment> mute = Optional.of(new Punishment("mute"));
    
    Mockito.when(punishmentService.getPunishmentType("mute")).thenReturn(mute);
    Mockito.when(punishmentValidator.validatePunishmentName("mute")).thenReturn(true);

    mvc.perform(get("/api/punishments/mute"))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.punishmentName", Matchers.equalTo("mute")));
}

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