我正在嘗試使用 CNN 和遷移學習方法來訓練深度學習模型。我使用帶有 ImageNet 的 VGG16 作為預訓練模型。我的目標是在 Google Colab 中實作面部表情識別，但在擬合模型時出現錯誤。在第一個 epoch 完成后，它會給出以下錯誤。
Epoch 1/50
224/224 [==============================] - ETA: 0s - loss: 1.8204 - accuracy: 0.2337
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
InvalidArgumentError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-26-abee8cf0777d> in <module>()
5 epochs=epochs,
6 validation_data=validation_generator,
----> 7 validation_steps=num_test_imgs//batch_size)
1 frames
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/execute.py in quick_execute(op_name, num_outputs, inputs, attrs, ctx, name)
53 ctx.ensure_initialized()
54 tensors = pywrap_tfe.TFE_Py_Execute(ctx._handle, device_name, op_name,
---> 55 inputs, attrs, num_outputs)
56 except core._NotOkStatusException as e:
57 if name is not None:
InvalidArgumentError: Graph execution error:
Detected at node 'sequential_1/vgg16/block1_conv1/Conv2D' defined at (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
"__main__", mod_spec)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/ipykernel_launcher.py", line 16, in <module>
app.launch_new_instance()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/traitlets/config/application.py", line 846, in launch_instance
app.start()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/ipykernel/kernelapp.py", line 499, in start
self.io_loop.start()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/tornado/platform/asyncio.py", line 132, in start
self.asyncio_loop.run_forever()
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/asyncio/base_events.py", line 541, in run_forever
self._run_once()
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/asyncio/base_events.py", line 1786, in _run_once
handle._run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/asyncio/events.py", line 88, in _run
self._context.run(self._callback, *self._args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/tornado/platform/asyncio.py", line 122, in _handle_events
handler_func(fileobj, events)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/tornado/stack_context.py", line 300, in null_wrapper
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/zmq/eventloop/zmqstream.py", line 452, in _handle_events
self._handle_recv()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/zmq/eventloop/zmqstream.py", line 481, in _handle_recv
self._run_callback(callback, msg)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/zmq/eventloop/zmqstream.py", line 431, in _run_callback
callback(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/tornado/stack_context.py", line 300, in null_wrapper
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/ipykernel/kernelbase.py", line 283, in dispatcher
return self.dispatch_shell(stream, msg)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/ipykernel/kernelbase.py", line 233, in dispatch_shell
handler(stream, idents, msg)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/ipykernel/kernelbase.py", line 399, in execute_request
user_expressions, allow_stdin)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/ipykernel/ipkernel.py", line 208, in do_execute
res = shell.run_cell(code, store_history=store_history, silent=silent)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/ipykernel/zmqshell.py", line 537, in run_cell
return super(ZMQInteractiveShell, self).run_cell(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py", line 2718, in run_cell
interactivity=interactivity, compiler=compiler, result=result)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py", line 2822, in run_ast_nodes
if self.run_code(code, result):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py", line 2882, in run_code
exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns)
File "<ipython-input-26-abee8cf0777d>", line 7, in <module>
validation_steps=num_test_imgs//batch_size)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/utils/traceback_utils.py", line 64, in error_handler
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/training.py", line 1431, in fit
_use_cached_eval_dataset=True)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/utils/traceback_utils.py", line 64, in error_handler
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/training.py", line 1716, in evaluate
tmp_logs = self.test_function(iterator)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/training.py", line 1525, in test_function
return step_function(self, iterator)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/training.py", line 1514, in step_function
outputs = model.distribute_strategy.run(run_step, args=(data,))
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/training.py", line 1507, in run_step
outputs = model.test_step(data)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/training.py", line 1471, in test_step
y_pred = self(x, training=False)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/utils/traceback_utils.py", line 64, in error_handler
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/base_layer.py", line 1096, in __call__
outputs = call_fn(inputs, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/utils/traceback_utils.py", line 92, in error_handler
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/sequential.py", line 374, in call
return super(Sequential, self).call(inputs, training=training, mask=mask)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/functional.py", line 452, in call
inputs, training=training, mask=mask)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/functional.py", line 589, in _run_internal_graph
outputs = node.layer(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/utils/traceback_utils.py", line 64, in error_handler
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/base_layer.py", line 1096, in __call__
outputs = call_fn(inputs, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/utils/traceback_utils.py", line 92, in error_handler
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/functional.py", line 452, in call
inputs, training=training, mask=mask)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/functional.py", line 589, in _run_internal_graph
outputs = node.layer(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/utils/traceback_utils.py", line 64, in error_handler
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/engine/base_layer.py", line 1096, in __call__
outputs = call_fn(inputs, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/utils/traceback_utils.py", line 92, in error_handler
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/layers/convolutional.py", line 248, in call
outputs = self.convolution_op(inputs, self.kernel)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/keras/layers/convolutional.py", line 240, in convolution_op
name=self.__class__.__name__)
Node: 'sequential_1/vgg16/block1_conv1/Conv2D'
input depth must be evenly divisible by filter depth: 1 vs 3
[[{{node sequential_1/vgg16/block1_conv1/Conv2D}}]] [Op:__inference_test_function_3544]
我有train和test檔案夾，兩個檔案夾都有7個emotion檔案夾，正因如此，我把輸出層設定為7。
model.add(Dense(7, activation='softmax'))
這是整個代碼：
train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
rescale=1/255,
rotation_range=30,
shear_range=0.3,
zoom_range=0.3,
horizontal_flip=True,
fill_mode='nearest')
validation_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)
train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
train_data_dir,
color_mode='rgb',
target_size=(IMG_HEIGHT, IMG_WIDTH),
batch_size=batch_size,
class_mode='categorical',
shuffle=True)
validation_generator = validation_datagen.flow_from_directory(
validation_data_dir,
color_mode='grayscale',
target_size=(IMG_HEIGHT, IMG_WIDTH),
batch_size=batch_size,
class_mode='categorical',
shuffle=True)
class_labels=['Angry','Disgust', 'Fear', 'Happy','Neutral','Sad','Surprise']
from keras.applications.vgg16 import VGG16
#from keras.applications import VGG16
#Load the VGG model
base_model = VGG16(weights='imagenet', include_top=False, input_shape=(224, 224, 3))
base_model.summary()
for layer in base_model.layers[:-4]:
layer.trainable = False
#Check the trainable status of the individual layers
for layer in base_model.layers:
print(layer, layer.trainable)
model = Sequential()
#Adding the vgg convolutional base model
model.add(base_model)
model.add(Conv2D(32, kernel_size=(3, 3), activation='relu', input_shape=(224,224,3),padding='same'))
model.add(Conv2D(64, kernel_size=(3, 3), activation='relu',padding='same'))
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2, 2)))
model.add(Dropout(0.1))
model.add(Conv2D(128, kernel_size=(3, 3), activation='relu',padding='same'))
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2, 2),padding='same'))
model.add(Dropout(0.1))
model.add(Conv2D(256, kernel_size=(3, 3), activation='relu',padding='same'))
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2, 2)))
model.add(Dropout(0.1))
model.add(Flatten())
model.add(Dense(512, activation='relu'))
model.add(Dropout(0.2))
model.add(Dense(7, activation='softmax'))
model.compile(optimizer = 'adam', loss='categorical_crossentropy', metrics=['accuracy'])
print(model.summary())
epochs=50
#train_generator=np.array(train_generator)
history=model.fit(train_generator,
steps_per_epoch=num_train_imgs//batch_size,
epochs=epochs,
validation_data=validation_generator,
validation_steps=num_test_imgs//batch_size)
我無法理解錯誤來自哪里。我該如何解決這個問題？
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
這是可以解決的。而不是使用 RGB 對影像進行灰度轉換。
def gray_to_rgb(img):
x=np.dot(img[...,:3], [0.2989, 0.5870, 0.1140])
mychannel=np.repeat(x[:, :, np.newaxis], 3, axis=2)
return mychannel
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