求助用c++來編一程式來找出計算機的機器精度和下溢值和上溢值
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#include <iostream>
#include <cfloat>
#include <limits>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << DBL_MAX << endl;
cout << DBL_MIN << endl;
return 0;
}
應該還有long double。
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C/C++中各種型別int、long、double、char表示范圍(最大最小值)復制代碼
1 #include<iostream>
2 #include<string>
3 #include <limits>
4 using namespace std;
5
6 int main()
7 {
8 cout << "type: \t\t" << "************size**************"<< endl;
9 cout << "bool: \t\t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(bool);
10 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<bool>::max)();
11 cout << "\t\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<bool>::min)() << endl;
12 cout << "char: \t\t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(char);
13 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<char>::max)();
14 cout << "\t\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<char>::min)() << endl;
15 cout << "signed char: \t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(signed char);
16 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<signed char>::max)();
17 cout << "\t\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<signed char>::min)() << endl;
18 cout << "unsigned char: \t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(unsigned char);
19 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<unsigned char>::max)();
20 cout << "\t\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<unsigned char>::min)() << endl;
21 cout << "wchar_t: \t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(wchar_t);
22 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<wchar_t>::max)();
23 cout << "\t\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<wchar_t>::min)() << endl;
24 cout << "short: \t\t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(short);
25 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<short>::max)();
26 cout << "\t\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<short>::min)() << endl;
27 cout << "int: \t\t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(int);
28 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<int>::max)();
29 cout << "\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<int>::min)() << endl;
30 cout << "unsigned: \t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(unsigned);
31 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<unsigned>::max)();
32 cout << "\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<unsigned>::min)() << endl;
33 cout << "long: \t\t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(long);
34 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<long>::max)();
35 cout << "\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<long>::min)() << endl;
36 cout << "unsigned long: \t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(unsigned long);
37 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<unsigned long>::max)();
38 cout << "\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<unsigned long>::min)() << endl;
39 cout << "double: \t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(double);
40 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<double>::max)();
41 cout << "\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<double>::min)() << endl;
42 cout << "long double: \t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(long double);
43 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<long double>::max)();
44 cout << "\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<long double>::min)() << endl;
45 cout << "float: \t\t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(float);
46 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<float>::max)();
47 cout << "\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<float>::min)() << endl;
48 cout << "size_t: \t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(size_t);
49 cout << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<size_t>::max)();
50 cout << "\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<size_t>::min)() << endl;
51 cout << "string: \t" << "所占位元組數:" << sizeof(string) << endl;
52 // << "\t最大值:" << (numeric_limits<string>::max)() << "\t最小值:" << (numeric_limits<string>::min)() << endl;
53 cout << "type: \t\t" << "************size**************"<< endl;
54 return 0;
55 }
復制代碼
/*運行結果分析:
以上結果已經很明白了,一下補充說明幾點:
概念、整型:表示整數、字符和布林值的算術型別合稱為整型(integral type)。
關于帶符號與無符號型別:整型 int、stort 和 long 都默認為帶符號型。要獲得無符號型則必須制定該型別為unsigned,比如unsigned long。unsigned int型別可以簡寫為unsigned,也就是說,unsigned后不加其他型別說明符就意味著是unsigned int。
一位元組表示八位,即:1byte = 8 bit;
int: 4byte = 32 bit有符號signed范圍:2^31-1 ~ -2^31即:2147483647 ~ -2147483648無符號unsigned范圍:2^32-1 ~ 0即:4294967295 ~ 0
long: 4 byte = 32 bit同int型
double: 8 byte = 64 bit范圍:1.79769e+308 ~ 2.22507e-308
long double: 12 byte = 96 bit范圍: 1.18973e+4932 ~ 3.3621e-4932
float: 4 byte = 32 bit范圍: 3.40282e+038 ~ 1.17549e-038
int、unsigned、long、unsigned long 、double的數量級最大都只能表示為10億,即它們表示十進制的位數不超過10個,即可以保存所有9位整數。而short只是能表示5位;
另外對于浮點說而言:使用double型別基本上不會有錯。在float型別中隱式的精度損失是不能忽視的,二雙精度計算的代價相對于單精度可以忽略。事實上,在有些機器上,double型別比float型別的計算要快得多。float型只能保證6位有效數字,而double型至少可以保證15位有效數字(小數點后的數位),long double型提供的精度通常沒有必要,而且還要承擔額外的運行代價。
double是8位元組共64位,其中小數位占52位,2-^52=2.2204460492503130808472633361816e-16,量級為10^-16,故能夠保證2^-15的所有精度。
在有些機器上,用long型別進行計算所付出的運行時代價遠遠高于用int型別進行同樣計算的代價,所以算則型別前要先了解程式的細節并且比較long型別與int型別的實際運行時性能代價。
轉自:http://blog.csdn.net/xuexiacm/article/details/8122267
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