我有一個安裝在 Ubuntu 20.04（安裝在 VirtualBox 中）的 SQL Server 和一個帶有 python 腳本的 Docker 容器。我想要做的是從這個 python 腳本連接到主機上運行的 SQL 服務器。
這是我用來創建影像的 Dockerfile：
# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
FROM python:3.8-slim-buster
WORKDIR /app
COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y gnupg2 curl
RUN curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add -
RUN curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/20.04/prod.list > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mssql-release.list
RUN apt-get update
RUN ACCEPT_EULA=Y apt-get install -y msodbcsql17
RUN ACCEPT_EULA=Y apt-get install -y mssql-tools
RUN echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin"' >> ~/.bash_profile
RUN echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin"' >> ~/.bashrc
RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get -y install gcc \
&& apt-get -y install g \
&& apt-get -y install unixodbc unixodbc-dev \
&& apt-get clean
RUN pip3 install -r requirements.txt
COPY . .
CMD [ "python3", "-m" , "test", "run", "--host=0.0.0.0"]
我知道它看起來很亂，但是我在安裝 pyodbc 時遇到了幾個問題，看起來所有這些代碼都解決了問題。
我現在可以成功創建映像，但是在啟動容器時，它會產生以下輸出：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/runpy.py", line 194, in _run_module_as_main
return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/runpy.py", line 87, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "/app/test.py", line 10, in <module>
connection = pyodbc.connect(connection_string, autocommit=True)
pyodbc.OperationalError: ('HYT00', '[HYT00] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server]Login timeout expired (0) (SQLDriverConnect)')
['ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server']
看起來連接字串有問題，看起來像這樣：
connection_string = 'Driver={ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server};Server=tcp:host.docker.internal,1433;UID=SA;PWD=<my_password>'
我已經為此苦苦掙扎了一段時間，但仍然無法讓它發揮作用。將不勝感激任何幫助或建議！
UPD
按照帕托的建議，我嘗試將Server連接字串中的選項更改為機器的 IP 地址。
ip addr show 回傳給我以下輸出：
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:29:e8:b8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s3
valid_lft 71149sec preferred_lft 71149sec
inet6 fe80::2517:652e:ac69:8ec9/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default
link/ether 02:42:35:26:ba:86 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::42:35ff:fe26:ba86/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
所以，我嘗試host.docker.internal用127.0.0.1,10.0.2.15和代替172.17.0.1。他們都給了我以下錯誤：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/runpy.py", line 194, in _run_module_as_main
return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/runpy.py", line 87, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "/app/test.py", line 10, in <module>
connection = pyodbc.connect(connection_string, autocommit=True)
pyodbc.Error: ('01000', "[01000] [unixODBC][Driver Manager]Can't open lib 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server;Server=tcp:172.17.0.1,1433;UID=SA;PWD=<my_password>' : file not found (0) (SQLDriverConnect)")
ifconfig 給我回了這個：
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255
inet6 fe80::42:35ff:fe26:ba86 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 02:42:35:26:ba:86 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 25340 bytes 1240556 (1.2 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 39308 bytes 691001962 (691.0 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 10.0.2.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.2.255
inet6 fe80::2517:652e:ac69:8ec9 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:29:e8:b8 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 649701 bytes 946934508 (946.9 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 55603 bytes 7183567 (7.1 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 27675 bytes 49732911 (49.7 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 27675 bytes 49732911 (49.7 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
我研究這個連接問題，誤差不能找到的檔案是在這個崗位。我試圖重新創建您的設定，但我遇到了同樣的錯誤。
一個快速的解決方案是將驅動程式更改為 pymssql==2.2.2（在我的 docker 容器中測驗）。
pip3 install pymssql==2.2.2
這是示例：
import pymssql
conn = pymssql.connect('host.docker.internal', 'sa', 'yourPassword', "database")
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute("""
IF OBJECT_ID('persons', 'U') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE persons
CREATE TABLE persons (
id INT NOT NULL,
name VARCHAR(100),
salesrep VARCHAR(100),
PRIMARY KEY(id)
)
""")
cursor.executemany(
"INSERT INTO persons VALUES (%d, %s, %s)",
[(1, 'John Smith', 'John Doe'),
(2, 'Jane Doe', 'Joe Dog'),
(3, 'Mike T.', 'Sarah H.')])
# you must call commit() to persist your data if you don't set autocommit to True
conn.commit()
cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM persons WHERE salesrep=%s', 'John Doe')
row = cursor.fetchone()
while row:
print("ID=%d, Name=%s" % (row[0], row[1]))
row = cursor.fetchone()
conn.close()
# Result
'''
ID=1, Name=John Smith
'''
更新
SQL Server Linux 版本疑難解答
- 檢查 mssql-server.service 是否正在運行。
patricio@server2:~$ sudo systemctl status mssql-server.service
[sudo] password for patricio:
● mssql-server.service - Microsoft SQL Server Database Engine
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-11-10 09:56:38 -03; 2 weeks 4 days ago
Docs: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux
Main PID: 14885 (sqlservr)
Tasks: 164
CGroup: /system.slice/mssql-server.service
├─14885 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr
└─14913 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr
- 檢查埠 1433 或您的默認埠是否打開。
patricio@server2:~$ telnet 127.0.0.1 1433
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
patricio@server2:~$ nmap 127.0.0.1
Starting Nmap 7.60 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2021-11-29 08:41 -03
Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1)
Host is up (0.000085s latency).
Not shown: 994 closed ports
PORT STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open ssh
80/tcp open http
443/tcp open https
1433/tcp open ms-sql-s
// ...
- 如果沒有安裝sqlcmd安裝
patricio@server2:~$ sqlcmd -S 127.0.0.1 -U sa -p
Password:
1> SELECT CONVERT(varchar, SERVERPROPERTY('collation'))
2> GO
------------------------------
SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS
(1 rows affected)
參考：
從 Docker 容器內部，如何連接到機器的本地主機？
嘗試訪問 host.docker.internal 導致連接被拒絕
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標籤：Python sql-server 码头工人 乌本图 ubuntu-20.04