我不知道為什么，但是當我嘗試使用 MVC 從控制器測驗我的任何方法時，我的代碼給了我一個 nullPointerException 錯誤。這里我放了部分代碼：
我的控制器（僅限第一種方法）：
@RestController
@RequestMapping(path = "/companias")
public class ControllerAPI {
@Autowired
private final CompaniaServiceImpl companiaService;
public ControllerAPI(CompaniaServiceImpl companiaService) {
this.companiaService = companiaService;
}
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK)
@GetMapping("/{companiaId}/{field_name}")
public Map<String, List<Object>> getByField(
@PathVariable("companiaId") Long companiaId,
@PathVariable("field_name") String fieldName) {
return companiaService.getCompaniaByfield(companiaId, fieldName);
}
這是我的服務（我試圖嘲笑的那個）：
@Service
@Slf4j
public class CompaniaServiceImpl implements CompaniaService {
private final CompaniaRepository companiaRepository;
private final DefaultGroupRepository defaultGroupRepository;
private final OfficeRepository officeRepository;
@Autowired
public CompaniaServiceImpl(CompaniaRepository companiaRepository, DefaultGroupRepository defaultGroupRepository, OfficeRepository officeRepository) {
this.companiaRepository = companiaRepository;
this.defaultGroupRepository = defaultGroupRepository;
this.officeRepository = officeRepository;
}
public Map<String, List<Object>> getCompaniaByfield(Long companiaId, String fieldName) {
if (companiaRepository.existsById(companiaId)) {
Map<String, Function<Compania, Object>> mapCompania = Map.of(
"name", Compania::getName,
"dominio", Compania::getDominio,
"altas", Compania::getAltas,
"bajas", Compania::getBajas
);
Compania c = companiaRepository.findCompaniaById(companiaId);
Function<Compania, Object> retriever = mapCompania.get(fieldName);
return Collections.singletonMap("success", List.of(retriever.apply(c)));
}
else throw new IllegalStateException(
"Compania con id (" companiaId ") no existe"
);
}
這是我的控制器測驗：
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@ContextConfiguration
class ControllerAPITest {
String token = "xxx";
@InjectMocks
private ControllerAPI controllerAPI;
private CompaniaServiceImpl companiaService = Mockito.mock(CompaniaServiceImpl.class);
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Before
public void setup() throws Exception{
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controllerAPI).build();
}
@Test
void getByField() throws Exception {
Map<String, List<Object>> response = Collections.singletonMap("success", List.of("nombre1"));
Mockito.when(companiaService.getCompaniaByfield(1L,"name")).thenReturn(response);
this.mockMvc.perform(
get("/companias/{companiaId}/{field_name}", 1L, "name")
.header("authorization", "Bearer " token)
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.success[0]").isNotEmpty())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.success[0]").value("nombre1"));
}
以及給我的NullPointerException 錯誤：
java.lang.NullPointerException
at database.configuration.controller.ControllerAPITest.getByField(ControllerAPITest.java:69)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:686)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:131)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:149)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:140)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:84)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:106)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:64)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:45)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:37)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$6(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:212)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:208)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:137)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:71)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1541)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1541)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:248)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$5(DefaultLauncher.java:211)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:226)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:199)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:132)
at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:71)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:235)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54)
它在this.mockMvc.perform(我不知道為什么我不能模擬我的服務。如果你能幫助我，我真的很感激
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
您測驗中的主要問題是您在單個測驗中混合了 JUnit 4 注釋和 JUnit5。該@Before是JUnit4這樣的設定是永遠不會被執行，因此沒有相關性或嘲笑將被創建。因此NullPointerException，沒有注入任何內容。
在您的代碼中，您應該使用CompaniaService介面而不是CompaniaServiceImpl. 你已經定義了一個你應該使用的介面。
更改您的控制器。
@RestController
@RequestMapping(path = "/companias")
public class ControllerAPI {
private final CompaniaService companiaService;
public ControllerAPI(CompaniaService companiaService) {
this.companiaService = companiaService;
}
您不需要@Autowired現場，因為注入是通過建構式完成的！。
現在，對于您的測驗，您可以做一些事情。
替換
@Before為@BeforeEachwhich 是標記方法的 JUnit5 注釋。你不需要@ExtendsWithand@ContextConfiguration。而不是
@ExtendsWith(SpringExtension.class)使用MockitoExtension，使用@BeforeEach但不初始化模擬。使用
@WebMvcTest和@MockBean讓 Spring Boot 為您處理注入和模擬創建。
使用適當的注釋
class ControllerAPITest {
String token = "xxx";
@InjectMocks
private ControllerAPI controllerAPI;
@Mock
private CompaniaService companiaService;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@BeforeEach
public void setup() throws Exception{
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controllerAPI).build();
}
@Test
void getByField() throws Exception { ... }
用 MockitoExtension
@ExtendsWith(MockitoExtension.class)
class ControllerAPITest {
String token = "xxx";
@InjectMocks
private ControllerAPI controllerAPI;
@Mock
private CompaniaService companiaService;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@BeforeEach
public void setup() throws Exception{
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controllerAPI).build();
}
@Test
void getByField() throws Exception { ... }
用 @WebMvcTest
@WebMvcTest(ControllerAPI.class)
class ControllerAPITest {
String token = "xxx";
@MockBean
private CompaniaService companiaService;
@Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Test
void getByField() throws Exception { ... }
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