我已經嘗試了幾個小時來完成這項作業。我正在嘗試從檔案中讀取并將所有資料組織到字典中，然后將所有字典組合到串列中。但是，我已經將所有資料都放入字典中，但是每當我嘗試將它們附加到 =list 每次迭代時，它要么完全中斷，要么只添加檔案的最后一行？？`def
readParkFile(fileName="national_parks.csv"):
f = open(fileName, "r")
parkList = []
parkDict = {}
header = f.readline().split(",")
keys = list(header)
for line in f:
tmp = list(line.split(","))
quote = tmp[7:]
fullQuote = ','.join(quote)
del tmp[7:]
tmp.append(fullQuote)
for value in tmp:
parkDict[keys[tmp.index(value)]] = value
parkList.append(parkDict)
print(parkDict)
readParkFile()`
Code,Name,State,Acres,Latitude,Longitude,Date,Description ACAD,Acadia National Park,ME,47390,44.35,-68.21,1919-02-26,"覆寫沙漠山島大部分地區及其他沿海島嶼，阿卡迪亞特色美國大西洋沿岸最高的山峰、花崗巖山峰、海洋海岸線、林地和湖泊。有淡水、河口、森林和潮間帶棲息地。” ARCH,Arches National Park,UT,76519,38.68,-109.57,1971-11-12,”該站點擁有 2,000 多個天然砂巖拱門，公園內最受歡迎的拱門是精致拱門、景觀拱門和雙拱門Arch. 數百萬年的侵蝕在沙漠氣候中創造了這些結構，在干旱的土地上有維持生命的生物土壤結皮和坑洼，作為天然的集水盆地。其他地質構造包括石尖峰、鰭狀物和平衡巖。” BADL,Badlands National Park,SD,242756,43.75,-102.5,1978-11-10,“The Badlands 是小山丘、尖峰、尖頂和混合-草草原。白河荒地包含已知的始新世晚期和漸新世哺乳動物化石的最大組合。野生動物包括野牛、大角羊、黑腳雪貂和草原土撥鼠。” BIBE,Big Bend National Park,TX,801163,29.25,-103.25,1944-06-12,”以格蘭德河的突出彎道命名沿著美墨邊境，這個公園包括奇瓦瓦沙漠的一大片偏遠地區。它的主要吸引力是在干旱的奇索斯山脈和沿河峽谷的野外休閑活動。各種各樣的白堊紀和第三紀化石以及美洲原住民的文物也存在于其境內。”BISC,比斯坎國家公園,FL,172924,25.65,-80.08,1980-06-28,“比斯坎的中部灣，這個位于佛羅里達礁島群北端的大部分水下公園擁有四個相互關聯的海洋生態系統：紅樹林、海灣、礁島群和珊瑚礁。受威脅的動物包括西印度海牛、美洲鱷魚、各種海龜和游隼。” BLCA，甘尼森國家公園黑峽谷，CO，32950,38.57,-107.72,1999-10-21，“公園保護甘尼森河的四分之一，從前寒武紀時期的黑暗巖石上切下陡峭的峽谷壁。峽谷擁有北美最陡峭的懸崖和最古老的巖石，是河流漂流和攀巖的熱門場所。深而窄的峽谷由片麻巖和片巖組成，在陰影中呈現黑色。”BRCA,布萊斯峽谷國家公園,UT,35835,37.57,-112.18,1928-02-25,”布萊斯峽谷是一個地質圓形劇場Paunsagunt 高原有數百個由侵蝕形成的高大、多彩多姿的砂巖不祥之物。該地區最初由美洲原住民定居，后來由摩門教先驅者定居。" CANY,Canyonlands National Park,UT,337598,38.2,-109.93,1964-09-12,"這片景觀被侵蝕成一個由峽谷、小山丘和科羅拉多河、格林河及其支流的共同努力，將公園分為三個區域。該公園還包含巖石尖峰和拱門，以及古代普韋布洛人的文物。”CARE, Capitol Reef National Park,UT,241904,38.2,-111.17,1971-12-18，“公園的水袋褶皺是一個 100 英里（160 公里）的單斜，展示了地球上不同的地質層。其他自然特征包括巨石、懸崖，以及形狀像美國國會大廈的砂巖圓頂。” CAVE,Carlsbad Caverns National Park,NM,46766,32.17,-104.44,1930-05-14,"Carlsbad Caverns 有 117 個洞穴，其中最長的超過 120 英里（190 公里）長。大房間將近 4,000 英尺（1,200 m）長，洞穴是超過 400,000 只墨西哥無尾蝙蝠和 16 種其他物種的家園。地上是奇瓦瓦沙漠和響尾蛇溫泉。” CHIS,海峽群島國家公園,CA,249561,34.01,-119.42,1980-03-05，"海峽群島八個島嶼中的五個受到保護，公園面積的一半在水下。這些島嶼擁有獨特的地中海生態系統，最初由丘馬什人定居。它們是超過 2,000 種陸地動植物的家園，其中 145 種是它們特有的，包括島狐。渡輪服務提供從大陸到島嶼的交通服務。" CONG,Congaree National Park,SC,26546,33.78,-80.78,2003-11-10,"在 Congaree 河上，這個公園是古老洪泛區最大的部分北美留下的森林。有些樹是美國東部最高的。一條名為 Boardwalk Loop 的高架人行道引導游客穿過沼澤。" CRLA,Crater Lake National Park,OR,183224,42.94,-122.1,1902-05-22,"Crater Lake 位于一座名為 Mount Mazama 的古老火山的火山口中7700年前倒塌。該湖是美國最深的湖，以其鮮艷的藍色和清澈的水而聞名。巫師島和幻影船是火山口內較新的火山構造。由于湖沒有入口或出口，只能通過降水來補充。" CUVA,Cuyahoga Valley National Park,OH,32950,41.24,-81.55,2000-10-11,"Cuyahoga River 沿岸的這個公園有瀑布、丘陵、小徑和早期鄉村生活的展覽。俄亥俄和伊利運河拖船小徑沿著俄亥俄和伊利運河，騾子拖著運河船。該公園擁有眾多歷史悠久的住宅、橋梁和建筑，還提供風景優美的火車之旅。” " CUVA,Cuyahoga Valley National Park,OH,32950,41.24,-81.55,2000-10-11,"這個位于 Cuyahoga 河沿岸的公園有瀑布、丘陵、小徑和早期鄉村生活的展覽。俄亥俄和伊利運河拖船小徑沿著俄亥俄和伊利運河，騾子拖著運河船。該公園擁有眾多歷史悠久的住宅、橋梁和建筑，還提供風景優美的火車之旅。” " CUVA,Cuyahoga Valley National Park,OH,32950,41.24,-81.55,2000-10-11,"這個位于 Cuyahoga 河沿岸的公園有瀑布、丘陵、小徑和早期鄉村生活的展覽。俄亥俄和伊利運河拖船小徑沿著俄亥俄和伊利運河，騾子拖著運河船。該公園擁有眾多歷史悠久的住宅、橋梁和建筑，還提供風景優美的火車之旅。”
預期輸出：
[{“code”:, “name”: …},{“code”:, “name”: …}, {“code”:, “name”: …}]
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
我復制了您的輸入，在 CSV 中的每一行之前添加了換行符（請參見此處），并將字典的初始化移到回圈中。運行此代碼：
from pprint import pprint
def readParkFile(fileName="temp.csv"):
f = open(fileName, "r")
parkList = []
header = f.readline().split(",")
keys = list(header)
for line in f:
parkDict = {} # This is the issue! Moving the initialization of this dictionary into the loop.
tmp = list(line.split(","))
quote = tmp[7:]
fullQuote = ','.join(quote)
del tmp[7:]
tmp.append(fullQuote)
for value in tmp:
parkDict[keys[tmp.index(value)]] = value
# pprint(parkDict)
parkList.append(parkDict)
# pprint(parkList)
if __name__ == '__main__':
readParkFile()
你會得到這個輸出：
[{'Acres': '47390',
'Code': 'ACAD',
'Date': '1919-02-26',
'Description \n': '"Covering most of Mount Desert Island and other coastal '
'islands, Acadia features the tallest mountain on the '
'Atlantic coast of the United States, granite peaks, ocean '
'shoreline, woodlands, and lakes. There are freshwater, '
'estuary, forest, and intertidal habitats." \n',
'Latitude': '44.35',
'Longitude': '-68.21',
'Name': 'Acadia National Park',
'State': 'ME'},
{'Acres': '76519',
'Code': 'ARCH',
'Date': '1971-11-12',
'Description \n': '"This site features more than 2\\,000 natural sandstone '
'arches, with some of the most popular arches in the park '
'being Delicate Arch, Landscape Arch and Double Arch. '
'Millions of years of erosion have created these '
'structures in a desert climate where the arid ground has '
'life-sustaining biological soil crusts and potholes that '
'serve as natural water-collecting basins. Other geologic '
'formations include stone pinnacles, fins, and balancing '
'rocks." \n',
'Latitude': '38.68',
'Longitude': '-109.57',
'Name': 'Arches National Park',
'State': 'UT'},
{'Acres': '242756',
'Code': 'BADL',
'Date': '1978-11-10',
'Description \n': '"The Badlands are a collection of buttes, pinnacles, '
'spires, and mixed-grass prairies. The White River '
'Badlands contain the largest assemblage of known late '
'Eocene and Oligocene mammal fossils. The wildlife '
'includes bison, bighorn sheep, black-footed ferrets, and '
'prairie dogs."\n',
'Latitude': '43.75',
'Longitude': '-102.5',
'Name': 'Badlands National Park',
'State': 'SD'},
{'Acres': '801163',
'Code': 'BIBE',
'Date': '1944-06-12',
'Description \n': '"Named for the prominent bend in the Rio Grande along the '
'U.S.-Mexico border, this park encompasses a large and '
'remote part of the Chihuahuan Desert. Its main attraction '
'is backcountry recreation in the arid Chisos Mountains '
'and in canyons along the river. A wide variety of '
'Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils as well as cultural '
'artifacts of Native Americans also exist within its '
'borders." \n',
'Latitude': '29.25',
'Longitude': '-103.25',
'Name': 'Big Bend National Park',
'State': 'TX'},
{'Acres': '172924',
'Code': 'BISC',
'Date': '1980-06-28',
'Description \n': '"The central part of Biscayne Bay, this mostly underwater '
'park at the north end of the Florida Keys has four '
'interrelated marine ecosystems: mangrove forest, the Bay, '
'the Keys, and coral reefs. Threatened animals include the '
'West Indian manatee, American crocodile, various sea '
'turtles, and peregrine falcon." \n',
'Latitude': '25.65',
'Longitude': '-80.08',
'Name': 'Biscayne National Park',
'State': 'FL'},
{'Acres': '32950',
'Code': 'BLCA',
'Date': '1999-10-21',
'Description \n': '"The park protects a quarter of the Gunnison River, which '
'slices sheer canyon walls from dark Precambrian-era rock. '
'The canyon features some of the steepest cliffs and '
'oldest rock in North America, and is a popular site for '
'river rafting and rock climbing. The deep, narrow canyon '
'is composed of gneiss and schist, which appears black '
'when in shadow." \n',
'Latitude': '38.57',
'Longitude': '-107.72',
'Name': 'Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park',
'State': 'CO'},
{'Acres': '35835',
'Code': 'BRCA',
'Date': '1928-02-25',
'Description \n': '"Bryce Canyon is a geological amphitheater on the '
'Paunsaugunt Plateau with hundreds of tall, multicolored '
'sandstone hoodoos formed by erosion. The region was '
'originally settled by Native Americans and later by '
'Mormon pioneers." \n',
'Latitude': '37.57',
'Longitude': '-112.18',
'Name': 'Bryce Canyon National Park',
'State': 'UT'},
{'Acres': '337598',
'Code': 'CANY',
'Date': '1964-09-12',
'Description \n': '"This landscape was eroded into a maze of canyons, '
'buttes, and mesas by the combined efforts of the Colorado '
'River, Green River, and their tributaries, which divide '
'the park into three districts. The park also contains '
'rock pinnacles and arches, as well as artifacts from '
'Ancient Pueblo peoples." \n',
'Latitude': '38.2',
'Longitude': '-109.93',
'Name': 'Canyonlands National Park',
'State': 'UT'},
{'Acres': '241904',
'Code': 'CARE',
'Date': '1971-12-18',
'Description \n': '"The park\'s Waterpocket Fold is a 100-mile (160 km) '
"monocline that exhibits the earth's diverse geologic "
'layers. Other natural features include monoliths, cliffs, '
'and sandstone domes shaped like the United States '
'Capitol." \n',
'Latitude': '38.2',
'Longitude': '-111.17',
'Name': 'Capitol Reef National Park',
'State': 'UT'},
{'Acres': '46766',
'Code': 'CAVE',
'Date': '1930-05-14',
'Description \n': '"Carlsbad Caverns has 117 caves, the longest of which is '
'over 120 miles (190 km) long. The Big Room is almost '
'4,000 feet (1,200 m) long, and the caves are home to over '
'400,000 Mexican free-tailed bats and sixteen other '
'species. Above ground are the Chihuahuan Desert and '
'Rattlesnake Springs." \n',
'Latitude': '32.17',
'Longitude': '-104.44',
'Name': 'Carlsbad Caverns National Park',
'State': 'NM'},
{'Acres': '249561',
'Code': 'CHIS',
'Date': '1980-03-05',
'Description \n': '"Five of the eight Channel Islands are protected, with '
"half of the park's area underwater. The islands have a "
'unique Mediterranean ecosystem originally settled by the '
'Chumash people. They are home to over 2,000 species of '
'land plants and animals, 145 endemic to them, including '
'the island fox. Ferry services offer transportation to '
'the islands from the mainland." \n',
'Latitude': '34.01',
'Longitude': '-119.42',
'Name': 'Channel Islands National Park',
'State': 'CA'},
{'Acres': '26546',
'Code': 'CONG',
'Date': '2003-11-10',
'Description \n': '"On the Congaree River, this park is the largest portion '
'of old-growth floodplain forest left in North America. '
'Some of the trees are the tallest in the eastern United '
'States. An elevated walkway called the Boardwalk Loop '
'guides visitors through the swamp." \n',
'Latitude': '33.78',
'Longitude': '-80.78',
'Name': 'Congaree National Park',
'State': 'SC'},
{'Acres': '183224',
'Code': 'CRLA',
'Date': '1902-05-22',
'Description \n': '"Crater Lake lies in the caldera of an ancient volcano '
'called Mount Mazama that collapsed 7,700 years ago. The '
'lake is the deepest in the United States and is noted for '
'its vivid blue color and water clarity. Wizard Island and '
'the Phantom Ship are more recent volcanic formations '
'within the caldera. As the lake has no inlets or outlets, '
'it is replenished only by precipitation." \n',
'Latitude': '42.94',
'Longitude': '-122.1',
'Name': 'Crater Lake National Park',
'State': 'OR'},
{'Acres': '32950',
'Code': 'CUVA',
'Date': '2000-10-11',
'Description \n': '"This park along the Cuyahoga River has waterfalls, '
'hills, trails, and exhibits on early rural living. The '
'Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail follows the Ohio and '
'Erie Canal, where mules towed canal boats. The park has '
'numerous historic homes, bridges, and structures, and '
'also offers a scenic train ride."\n',
'Latitude': '41.24',
'Longitude': '-81.55',
'Name': 'Cuyahoga Valley National Park',
'State': 'OH'}]
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
您提供的輸入并沒有真正的幫助。提供輸入時，盡量讓復制粘貼變得容易。我們無法將其復制并粘貼到 .csv 檔案中。
無論如何，我為此制作了一個小的 .csv，我認為這段代碼提供了你想要的：
finalList = []
with open('smth.csv','r') as file:
keys = file.readline().split(',')
line = file.readline().split(',')
while line: # Exits when readline returns an empty line
finalList.append({keys[0]: line[0],
keys[1]: line[1],
keys[2]: line[2]
})
line = file.readline()
您還可以通過使用file.readlines()which 一次回傳來縮短此時間。
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
（注意：您可能希望為此使用熊貓。請參閱此答案的后半部分以獲取示例。）
直接回答您的問題： 如果您想要實際鍵入的值（int 表示英畝，float 表示緯度/經度），這是一種使用正則運算式的方法：
import re
def readParkFile(fileName="national_parks.csv"):
parkList = []
f = open(fileName, "r")
keys = f.readline().strip("\n").split(",")
for line in f:
v = re.search('(.*?),(.*?),(.*?),(.*?),(.*?),(.*?),(.*?),(.*)', line).groups()
Code, Name, State, Acres, Latitude, Longitude, Date, Description = v[0], v[1], v[2], int(v[3]), float(v[4]), float(v[5]), v[6], v[7][1:-1]
parkDict = dict(zip(keys, [Code, Name, State, Acres, Latitude, Longitude, Date, Description]))
parkList.append(parkDict)
return parkList
parkList = readParkFile()
在回圈內部，re.search()在除最后一個 ( ) 之外的所有逗號分隔組中使用非貪婪限定符Description，然后將數字欄位轉換為數字并從Description. 然后將這些型別的值與keysusing組合zip()并轉換為 a dict，然后將其附加到結果中，parkList. 遍歷 csv 檔案中的所有行后，函式回傳parkList.
結果字典串列的第一個字典元素如下所示：
{'Code': 'ACAD', 'Name': 'Acadia National Park', 'State': 'ME', 'Acres': 47390, 'Latitude': 44.35, 'Longitude': -68.21, 'Date': '1919-02-26', 'Description': 'Covering most of Mount Desert Island and other coastal islands, Acadia features the tallest mountain on the Atlantic coast of the United States, granite peaks, ocean shoreline, woodlands, and lakes. There are freshwater, estuary, forest, and intertidal habitats.'}
使用 pandas 的另一種方法： 在 pandas 中，您可以這樣做：
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv("national_parks.csv")
print(df)
print(df.dtypes)
parkList = df.to_dict('records')
print(parkList[0])
它將給出以下輸出：
Code Name State Acres Latitude Longitude Date Description
0 ACAD Acadia National Park ME 47390 44.35 -68.21 1919-02-26 Covering most of Mount Desert Island and other...
1 ARCH Arches National Park UT 76519 38.68 -109.57 1971-11-12 This site features more than 2,000 natural san...
2 BADL Badlands National Park SD 242756 43.75 -102.50 1978-11-10 The Badlands are a collection of buttes, pinna...
3 BIBE Big Bend National Park TX 801163 29.25 -103.25 1944-06-12 Named for the prominent bend in the Rio Grande...
4 BISC Biscayne National Park FL 172924 25.65 -80.08 1980-06-28 The central part of Biscayne Bay, this mostly ...
5 BLCA Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park CO 32950 38.57 -107.72 1999-10-21 The park protects a quarter of the Gunnison Ri...
6 BRCA Bryce Canyon National Park UT 35835 37.57 -112.18 1928-02-25 Bryce Canyon is a geological amphitheater on t...
7 CANY Canyonlands National Park UT 337598 38.20 -109.93 1964-09-12 This landscape was eroded into a maze of canyo...
8 CARE Capitol Reef National Park UT 241904 38.20 -111.17 1971-12-18 The park's Waterpocket Fold is a 100-mile (160...
9 CAVE Carlsbad Caverns National Park NM 46766 32.17 -104.44 1930-05-14 Carlsbad Caverns has 117 caves, the longest of...
10 CHIS Channel Islands National Park CA 249561 34.01 -119.42 1980-03-05 Five of the eight Channel Islands are protecte...
11 CONG Congaree National Park SC 26546 33.78 -80.78 2003-11-10 On the Congaree River, this park is the larges...
12 CRLA Crater Lake National Park OR 183224 42.94 -122.10 1902-05-22 Crater Lake lies in the caldera of an ancient ...
13 CUVA Cuyahoga Valley National Park OH 32950 41.24 -81.55 2000-10-11 This park along the Cuyahoga River has waterfa...
Code object
Name object
State object
Acres int64
Latitude float64
Longitude float64
Date object
Description object
dtype: object
{'Code': 'ACAD', 'Name': 'Acadia National Park', 'State': 'ME', 'Acres': 47390, 'Latitude': 44.35, 'Longitude': -68.21, 'Date': '1919-02-26', 'Description': 'Covering most of Mount Desert Island and other coastal islands, Acadia features the tallest mountain on the Atlantic coast of the United States, granite peaks, ocean shoreline, woodlands, and lakes. There are freshwater, estuary, forest, and intertidal habitats.'}
正如你所看到的，通過一次呼叫read_csv()，pandas 決議 csv 檔案，計算出每一列的資料型別，并將所有這些組合成一個 DataFrame 物件。to_dict()然后，您可以通過使用引數呼叫 DataFrame 物件的方法來獲取您正在嘗試的字典串列'records'。
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