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.NET CORE(C#) WPF 方便的實作用戶控制元件切換（祝大家新年快樂）

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閱讀導航

本文背景
代碼實作
本文參考
原始碼

1. 本文背景

一個系統主界面，放上一個選單，點擊選單在客戶區切換不同的展示界面，這是很常規的設計，見下面展示效果圖：

左側一個選單，點擊選單，右側切換界面，界面切換影片使用MD控制元件的組件實作（自己使用影片也能實作），

2. 代碼實作

使用 .NET CORE 3.1 創建名為 “MenuChange” 的WPF模板專案，添加1個Nuget庫：MaterialDesignThemes，版本為最新預覽版3.1.0-ci948，

解決方案主要檔案目錄組織結構：

AnimatedMenu
- App.xaml
- MainWindow.xaml
  - MainWindow.xaml.cs
- ..[數個演示模塊用戶控制元件]

2.1 引入樣式

檔案【App.xaml】，在 StartupUri 中設定啟動的視圖【MainWindow.xaml】，并在【Application.Resources】節點增加 MaterialDesignThemes庫的樣式檔案：

<Application.Resources>
    <ResourceDictionary>
        <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
            <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf;component/Themes/MaterialDesignTheme.Light.xaml" />
            <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf;component/Themes/MaterialDesignTheme.Defaults.xaml" />
            <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignColors;component/Themes/Recommended/Primary/MaterialDesignColor.Blue.xaml" />
            <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignColors;component/Themes/Recommended/Accent/MaterialDesignColor.Indigo.xaml" />
        </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
    </ResourceDictionary>
</Application.Resources>

2.2 演示表單

檔案【MainWindow.xaml】，布局代碼、影片代碼都在此檔案中，原始碼如下：

<Window x:Class="MenuChange.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:materialDesign="http://materialdesigninxaml.net/winfx/xaml/themes"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Height="600" Width="1024" WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen" ResizeMode="NoResize" WindowStyle="None" >
    <Grid Background="#FFEEEEEE" MouseDown="Grid_MouseDown">
        <StackPanel VerticalAlignment="Top">
            <Grid Background="#FF0069C0" Height="10"/>
            <Grid Margin="5">
                <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" Orientation="Horizontal">
                    <TextBlock Text="Dotnet9.com" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="20" FontFamily="Champagne &amp; Limousines" Margin="20 0"/>
                    <Button Width="30" Height="30" Background="{x:Null}" BorderBrush="{x:Null}" Padding="0" Foreground="Gray">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="Wechat"/>
                    </Button>
                    <Button Width="30" Height="30" Background="{x:Null}" BorderBrush="{x:Null}" Padding="0" Foreground="Gray">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="Qqchat"/>
                    </Button>
                    <Button Width="30" Height="30" Background="{x:Null}" BorderBrush="{x:Null}" Padding="0" Foreground="Gray">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="GithubBox"/>
                    </Button>
                </StackPanel>
                <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Margin="10 0">
                    <Button Width="30" Height="30" Background="{x:Null}" BorderBrush="{x:Null}" Padding="0" Foreground="Gray">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="BellOutline"/>
                    </Button>
                    <Button Width="30" Height="30" Background="{x:Null}" BorderBrush="{x:Null}" Padding="0" Foreground="Gray" Margin="0 0 10 0">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="Settings"/>
                    </Button>
                    <Button x:Name="ButtonFechar" Width="30" Height="30" Background="{x:Null}" BorderBrush="{x:Null}" Padding="0" Foreground="Gray" Click="ButtonFechar_Click">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="Close"/>
                    </Button>
                </StackPanel>
            </Grid>
        </StackPanel>

        <Grid Margin="250 55 0 0">
            <Grid x:Name="GridPrincipal" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
        </Grid>

        <Grid Width="250" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Background="#FF222222">
            <materialDesign:TransitioningContent x:Name="TrainsitionigContentSlide" OpeningEffect="{materialDesign:TransitionEffect SlideInFromLeft, Duration=0:0:0.2}">
                <Grid x:Name="GridCursor" Margin="0 100 0 0" Background="#FF0069C0" Width="10" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="60" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
            </materialDesign:TransitioningContent>
            <Image Source="https://img.dotnet9.com/logo-head.png" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
            <Image Source="https://img.dotnet9.com/logo-foot.png" VerticalAlignment="Bottom"/>
            <ListView x:Name="ListViewMenu" Margin="0 100" Foreground="LightGray" FontFamily="Champagne &amp; Limousines" FontSize="18" SelectionChanged="ListViewMenu_SelectionChanged" SelectedIndex="0">
                <ListViewItem Height="60">
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="Home" Width="30" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="5"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="首頁" FontSize="17" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="20 0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                </ListViewItem>
                <ListViewItem Height="60">
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="LanguageCsharp" Width="30" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="5"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="WPF" FontSize="17" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="20 0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                </ListViewItem>
                <ListViewItem Height="60">
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="LanguageCsharp" Width="30" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="5"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="Winform" FontSize="17" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="20 0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                </ListViewItem>
                <ListViewItem Height="60">
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="LanguageCsharp" Width="30" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="5"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="ASP.NET CORE" FontSize="17" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="20 0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                </ListViewItem>
                <ListViewItem Height="60">
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="LanguageCsharp" Width="30" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="5"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="Xamarin.Forms" FontSize="17" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="20 0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                </ListViewItem>
                <ListViewItem Height="60">
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="LanguageCpp" Width="30" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="5"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="C++" FontSize="17" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="20 0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                </ListViewItem>
            </ListView>
        </Grid>

    </Grid>
</Window>

簡單說明下：

"GridPrincipal" 作為客戶區子模塊界面容器，展示新界面時，先移除舊用戶控制元件，再添加新用戶控制元件（站長以前使用時，是遍歷容器中所有用戶界面，對非選擇用戶控制元件作隱藏操作，然后添加新用戶控制元件或者對已存在的被選擇用戶控制元件作顯示操作），
左側選單項使用 "ListView" 進行布局，實際開發需要運用模板，使用MVVM做成動態選單，方便擴展，
右側切換的子模塊界面應該使用Prism或者其他框架（自已實作的模塊dll）實作的子界面，方便動態擴展（需要和左側選單項進行關聯），

檔案【MainWindow.xaml.cs】，后臺關閉表單、選單點擊切換子模塊界面、表單移動等事件處理：

using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Input;

namespace MenuChange
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void ButtonFechar_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            Application.Current.Shutdown();
        }

        private void Grid_MouseDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
        {
            DragMove();
        }

        private void ListViewMenu_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            int index = ListViewMenu.SelectedIndex;
            MoveCursorMenu(index);

            switch (index)
            {
                case 0:
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Clear();
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Add(new UserControlMain());
                    break;
                case 1:
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Clear();
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Add(new UserControlWPF());
                    break;
                case 2:
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Clear();
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Add(new UserControlWinform());
                    break;
                case 3:
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Clear();
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Add(new UserControlASPNETCORE());
                    break;
                case 4:
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Clear();
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Add(new UserControlXamarinForms());
                    break;
                case 5:
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Clear();
                    GridPrincipal.Children.Add(new UserControlCPP());
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }

        private void MoveCursorMenu(int index)
        {
            TrainsitionigContentSlide.OnApplyTemplate();
            GridCursor.Margin = new Thickness(0, (100 + (60 * index)), 0, 0);
        }
    }
}

方便演示，點擊選單，切換子用戶控制元件時時寫死的，見上面的說明，左側選單及右側切換的子用戶控制元件需要進行關聯配置，方便擴展，建議使用Prism的模塊化開發，

2.3 演示主模塊

檔案【UserControlMain.xaml】，只展示其中一個子模塊用戶控制元件吧，其他類似，文末有原始碼、可運行Demo供下載參考，

注意： 需要使用MD控制元件的 TransitioningContent 組件將用戶控制元件可視區域包裹起來，用于使用MD的移動切換影片，其中 OpeningEffect 見名思意，即是展示此用戶控制元件時，影片如何播放，見下面代碼，SlideInFromLeft 是指示展示時由左向右緩動，相反 SlideInFromRight即是由右向左緩動，其他屬性可查閱MD官網或者Demo研究，

<UserControl x:Class="MenuChange.UserControlMain"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:materialDesign="http://materialdesigninxaml.net/winfx/xaml/themes"
             xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
             mc:Ignorable="d"
             Height="auto" Width="auto">
    <Grid>
        <materialDesign:TransitioningContent x:Name="TrainsitionigContentSlide" OpeningEffect="{materialDesign:TransitionEffect SlideInFromLeft, Duration=0:0:0.8}">
            <StackPanel Background="#33ff0000">
                <TextBox HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="30" Foreground="White" Text="https://dotnet9.com"/>
                <Image Source="https://img.dotnet9.com/20200124165746.png"/>
            </StackPanel>
        </materialDesign:TransitioningContent>
    </Grid>
</UserControl>

已奉上關鍵代碼，全部代碼文末有下載鏈接...

3.本文參考

視頻一：C# WPF Material Design UI: Fast Food Sales，配套原始碼：Pizzaria1，
C# WPF開源控制元件庫《MaterialDesignInXAML》

4.原始碼

站長方便演示，文中的圖片使用的本站外鏈圖片：

演示Demo下載

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