一、幾個概念
后臺緩沖surface，前臺surface，交換鏈，離屏surface
后臺緩沖surface和前臺緩沖surface總是成對出現的，當我們進行繪圖操作時，畫面有可能出現閃爍，這是因為當前繪制的一幅影像沒有同時出現在螢屏上導致的，更詳細的可以看這篇文章，前臺surface + 后臺surface就可以解決這個問題，前臺surface表示我們可以看到的畫面，后臺緩沖surface相當于一個緩沖區，每次繪圖是在后臺surface上進行的，然后完了再把兩個surface做一個交換，這樣后臺surface就可以顯示到螢屏上了，
交換鏈：就是將前臺surface和后臺surface做交換的
離屏surface：離屏surface是一個永遠看不到的表面，通常用來存放位圖，并對其中的一些資料做一些處理，
二、d3d9渲染yuv流程
1、創建D3D9：Direct3DCreate9
IDirect3D9 * WINAPI Direct3DCreate9(UINT SDKVersion);SDKVersion設定為D3D_SDK_VERSION
IDirect3D9是一個顯示3D圖形的物理設備的C++物件，它可以用于獲得物理設備的資訊和創建一個IDirect3DDevice9介面
可以通過它的GetAdapterDisplayMode()函式獲取當前主顯卡輸出的解析度，重繪頻率等引數
D3DDISPLAYMODE d3dDisplayMode;
d3d9->GetAdapterDisplayMode( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &d3dDisplayMode );2、創建D3D9Device：CreateDevice
HRESULT CreateDevice(
UINT Adapter,
D3DDEVTYPE DeviceType,
HWND hFocusWindow,
DWORD BehaviorFlags,
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS *pPresentationParameters,
IDirect3DDevice9 **ppReturnedDeviceInterface
);引數介紹：
Adapter：表示顯示配接器的序號，D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT始終是主要的顯示配接器
DeviceType：D3DDEVTYPE列舉型別的成員，它表示所需的設備型別，如果所需的設備型別不可用，則該方法將失敗
D3DDEVTYPE_HAL ：硬體加速
D3DDEVTYPE_REF ：
D3DDEVTYPE_SW ：軟體
D3DDEVTYPE_NULLREF ：
D3DDEVTYPE_FORCE_DWORD ：
hFocusWindow：Windows視窗句柄
BehaviorFlags：設定為軟體頂點處理D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING，或者硬體頂點處理D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING
pPresentationParameters：用于D3D9Device的一些引數
ppReturnedDeviceInterface：回傳創建的device下來我們看一下關于 D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS 的設定
typedef struct _D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS_
{
UINT BackBufferWidth;
UINT BackBufferHeight;
D3DFORMAT BackBufferFormat;
UINT BackBufferCount;
D3DMULTISAMPLE_TYPE MultiSampleType;
DWORD MultiSampleQuality;
D3DSWAPEFFECT SwapEffect;
HWND hDeviceWindow;
BOOL Windowed;
BOOL EnableAutoDepthStencil;
D3DFORMAT AutoDepthStencilFormat;
DWORD Flags;
/* FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz must be zero for Windowed mode */
UINT FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz;
UINT PresentationInterval;
} D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS;成員介紹：
BackBufferWidth：后臺緩沖surface的寬
BackBufferHeight：后臺緩沖surface的高
一般將其設定為frame width和frame height
BackBufferFormat：后臺緩沖surface的像素格式
BackBufferCount：后臺緩沖surface的個數
MultiSampleType：全屏抗鋸齒的型別
MultiSampleQuality：全屏抗鋸齒的質量等級
SwapEffect：指定表面在交換鏈中是如何被交換的
D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD:后臺緩沖表面區的東西被復制到螢屏上后,后臺緩沖表面區的東西就沒有什么用了,可以丟棄了，
D3DSWAPEFFECT_FLIP: 后臺緩沖表面拷貝到前臺表面，保持后臺緩沖表面內容不變，當后臺緩沖表面大于1個時使用，
D3DSWAPEFFECT_COPY: 同上，當后臺緩沖表面等于1個時使用，
一般設定為D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD
hDeviceWindow：視窗句柄
Windowed：設為true則為視窗模式，false則為全屏模式
EnableAutoDepthStencil：設為true，D3D將自動創建深度/模版緩沖
AutoDepthStencilFormat：深度/模版緩沖的格式
Flags：
FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz：重繪率，設定D3DPRESENT_RATE_DEFAULT使用默認重繪率
PresentationInterval：設定重繪的間隔，可以用以下方式：
D3DPRENSENT_INTERVAL_DEFAULT，則說明在顯示一個渲染畫面的時候必要等候顯示幕重繪完一次螢屏，例如顯示幕重繪率設為80Hz的話，則一秒最多可以顯示80個渲染畫面，
D3DPRENSENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE:表示可以以實時的方式來顯示渲染畫面3、創建D3D9Surface：CreateOffscreenPlainSurface創建一個離屏surface
HRESULT CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(
UINT Width, // 離屏surface的寬
UINT Height, // 離屏surface的高
D3DFORMAT Format, // 離屏surface的格式YV12
D3DPOOL Pool, // D3DPOOL定義了資源對應的記憶體型別
// D3D3POOL_DEFAULT: 默認值，表示存在于顯卡的顯存中，
// D3D3POOL_MANAGED：由Direct3D自由調度記憶體的位置（顯存或者快取中），
// D3DPOOL_SYSTEMMEM： 表示位于記憶體中，
IDirect3DSurface9 **ppSurface, // 要創建的surface
HANDLE *pSharedHandle
);4、顯示畫面，顯示畫面的流程為：LockRect（獲取離屏的surface） --> 拷貝資料到離屏的surface --> UnlockRect --> Clear --> BeginScene --> GetBackBuffer（獲取后臺緩沖區的buffer） --> StretchRect（將一個矩形區域的像素從設備記憶體的一個Surface轉移到另一個Surface上） --> EndScene --> Present （顯示）--> Release
三、具體代碼
d3d9_player.h
#pragma once
#include <cstdint>
#include <d3d9.h>
enum PixFormat {
I420,
NV12,
NV21
};
class D3D9Player {
public:
D3D9Player();
~D3D9Player();
void Init(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, PixFormat pix_format);
void CreateRenderWindow();
void SetWindow(void* handle);
void Render(uint8_t* data);
private:
void InitRender();
void CreateSurface();
void DesrtoySurface();
void Cleanup();
private:
uint32_t width_{};
uint32_t height_{};
PixFormat pix_format_ = I420;
CRITICAL_SECTION critical_{};
IDirect3D9* d3d9_{};
IDirect3DDevice9* d3d9_device_{};
IDirect3DSurface9* d3d9_surface_{};
RECT view_rect_{};
HWND render_window_{};
};d3d9_palyer.cpp
#include "d3d9_player.h"
#include <iostream>
#pragma comment(lib, "d3d9.lib")
D3D9Player::D3D9Player() {
}
D3D9Player::~D3D9Player() {
DesrtoySurface();
Cleanup();
}
void D3D9Player::Init(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, PixFormat pix_format) {
width_ = width;
height_ = height;
pix_format_ = pix_format;
view_rect_.left = 0;
view_rect_.top = 0;
view_rect_.right = width;
view_rect_.bottom = height;
}
void D3D9Player::CreateRenderWindow() {
}
void D3D9Player::SetWindow(void* handle) {
render_window_ = (HWND)(handle);
InitRender();
CreateSurface();
}
void D3D9Player::Render(uint8_t* data) {
D3DLOCKED_RECT d3d_rect;
if (d3d9_surface_ == nullptr) {
return;
}
auto hr = d3d9_surface_->LockRect(&d3d_rect, NULL, D3DLOCK_DONOTWAIT);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
std::cout << "lock rect error" << std::endl;
return;
}
int y_stride = d3d_rect.Pitch;
int v_stride = y_stride / 2;
int u_stride = y_stride / 2;
uint8_t* y_dest = (uint8_t*)d3d_rect.pBits;
uint8_t* v_dest = y_dest + height_ * y_stride;
uint8_t* u_dest = v_dest + height_ / 2 * v_stride;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < height_; i++) {
memcpy(y_dest + i * y_stride, data + i * width_, width_);
}
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < height_ / 2; i++) {
memcpy(v_dest + i * v_stride, data + width_*height_ + i * width_ / 2,
width_ / 2);
}
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < height_ / 2; i++) {
memcpy(u_dest + i * u_stride, data + width_ * height_ * 5 / 4 + i * width_ / 2,
width_ / 2);
}
hr = d3d9_surface_->UnlockRect();
if (FAILED(hr)) {
std::cout << "unlock rect error" << std::endl;
return;
}
d3d9_device_->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0),
1.0f, 0);
d3d9_device_->BeginScene();
IDirect3DSurface9* d3d_surface = NULL;
d3d9_device_->GetBackBuffer(0, 0, D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO,
&d3d_surface);
d3d9_device_->StretchRect(d3d9_surface_, NULL, d3d_surface, &view_rect_,
D3DTEXF_LINEAR);
d3d9_device_->EndScene();
d3d9_device_->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
d3d_surface->Release();
}
void D3D9Player::InitRender() {
std::cout << "init render" << std::endl;
InitializeCriticalSection(&critical_);
Cleanup();
d3d9_ = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
if (d3d9_ == nullptr) {
return;
}
RECT r;
GetClientRect(render_window_, &r);
int x = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);
int y = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN);
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));
d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = (HWND)render_window_;
d3dpp.Flags = D3DPRESENTFLAG_VIDEO;
d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = width_;
d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = height_;
HRESULT hr = d3d9_->CreateDevice(
D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, render_window_,
D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &d3d9_device_);
}
void D3D9Player::Cleanup() {
EnterCriticalSection(&critical_);
if (d3d9_surface_) {
d3d9_surface_->Release();
d3d9_surface_ = nullptr;
}
if (d3d9_device_) {
d3d9_device_->Release();
d3d9_device_ = nullptr;
}
if (d3d9_) {
d3d9_->Release();
d3d9_ = nullptr;
}
LeaveCriticalSection(&critical_);
}
void D3D9Player::CreateSurface() {
if (d3d9_device_ == nullptr) {
return;
}
HRESULT hr = d3d9_device_->CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(
width_, height_, (D3DFORMAT)MAKEFOURCC('Y', 'V', '1', '2'),
D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &d3d9_surface_, NULL);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
std::cout << "create plain surface error" << std::endl;
return;
}
std::cout << "create surface" << std::endl;
}
void D3D9Player::DesrtoySurface() {
EnterCriticalSection(&critical_);
if (d3d9_surface_) {
d3d9_surface_->Release();
d3d9_surface_ = nullptr;
}
LeaveCriticalSection(&critical_);
}main.cpp
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <thread>
#include <chrono>
#include "d3d9_player.h"
HWND CreateMyWindow(uint32_t width, uint32_t height) {
WNDCLASS window;
memset(&window, 0, sizeof(window));
window.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)DefWindowProc;
window.hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
window.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
window.lpszClassName = "yuv_player";
if (!RegisterClass(&window)) {
return nullptr;
}
DWORD dwStyle = NULL;
HWND wnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, window.lpszClassName, "YUV Player", dwStyle,
100, 100, width, height, nullptr, nullptr,
GetModuleHandle(NULL), nullptr);
ShowWindow(wnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
UpdateWindow(wnd);
return wnd;
}
int main(int argc,char* argv[]) {
std::string filename = "480x272_yuv420p.yuv";
uint32_t width = 480;
uint32_t height = 272;
std::shared_ptr<D3D9Player> yuv_player = std::make_shared<D3D9Player>();
yuv_player->Init(width, height, I420);
// yuv_player->CreateRenderWindow();
HWND window = CreateMyWindow(width,height);
yuv_player->SetWindow(window);
uint8_t* data = new uint8_t[width * height * 3 / 2];
std::ifstream fin(filename, std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);
while (!fin.eof()) {
fin.read((char*)data, width * height * 3 / 2);
yuv_player->Render(data);
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(33));
}
delete[] data;
fin.close();
getchar();
return 0;
}四、參考資料
https://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020/article/details/40279297
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