目錄
前言：
Picasso、Fresco、Glide：
Picasso與Glide對比
Fresco與Glide對比
小結
Glide原理決議
1.快取原理
小結1
2.生命周期處理
小結2
總結
前言：
專案中經常用到Glide、面試也有被問到，是時候系統的深入了解一下Glide了，
Picasso、Fresco、Glide：
做Android開發的，對上述圖片加載框架，應該比較熟悉了，我簡單的介紹一下，對比分析一下，
Picasso是Square公司開源的專案，功能強大、呼叫簡單：
Picasso
.with(context)
.load(Url)
.into(targetImageView);Glide是谷歌員工開源的一個專案，呼叫方式如下:
Glide
.with(context)
.load(Url)
.into(targetImageView);Picasso與Glide對比
從上面可以看出，二者的呼叫方式幾乎相同，有著近乎一樣的API風格，但Glide在快取策略和加載GIF方面略勝一籌，主要區別如下:
1.呼叫方式上：Glide with接收的引數不僅僅是context，還可以是Activity、Fragment,并且和Activity、Fragment生命周期保持一致，在Pasuse,暫停加載圖片，Resume的時候，恢復加載（后面重點介紹），
2.磁盤快取和圖片格式：Picasso使用的是全尺寸快取，Glide和使用的ImageView大小相同，相比來說，Glide加載圖片較Picasso要快，Picasso加載前需要重新調整大小，Picasso默認使用的圖片格式是ARGB8888，Glide默認使用的圖片格式是RGB565,后者要比前者相同情況下，少一半記憶體，
3.支持GIF：Glide支持加載GIF動圖、Picasso不支持，
4.包大小：Glide要比Picasso大一些，
Fresco是Facebook開源的圖片庫，和Glide具備相同的功能（支持加載gif），
Fresco與Glide對比
Fresco最大的亮點在于它的記憶體管理，Android 解壓后的圖片即Android中的Bitmap,占用大量的記憶體，Android 5.0以下系統，會顯著的引發界面卡頓，Freco很好的解決了這個問題，Fresco和Glide主要區別如下：
1.Glide加載速度快（快取的圖片規格多），記憶體開銷小（rgb565)，
2.Fresco最大的優勢在于5.0（Android 2.3）以下bitmap的加載，5.0以下系統，Fresco將圖片放在一個特別的記憶體區域，大大減少OOM，
3.Fresco包比較大，使用麻煩，適合高性能加載大量圖片，
小結
1.Picasso所能實作的功能，Glide都能實作，只是設定不同，二者區別是Picasso包體積比Glide小且圖片質量比Glide高，但Glide加載速度比Picasso快，Glide支持gif，適合處理大型圖片流，如果視頻類應用，首選Glide，
2.Fresco綜合之前圖片加載庫的優點，在5.0以下記憶體優化比較好，但包體積比較大，Fresco>Glide>Picasso,Fresco在圖片較多的應用凸顯其價值，但如果應用對圖片需求較少的，不推薦使用，
Glide原理決議
這里我只分析Glide的快取原理和生命周期處理，不知道大家怎么學習的，在使用了大量的框架的時候，我發現要學習一個東西，大概一個步驟就是，這個東西是什么，用來干什么，使用、熟練使用，了解原理，最后融會貫通，其實分析原始碼的程序，最簡單的就是從呼叫方式出發，一步一步往下看，基本就能了解個大概，剛開始看的時候，有點吃力，多看幾遍就ok了，話不多說，接下來分兩個部分介紹:
1.快取原理
2.生命周期處理
以下原始碼基于：glide:4.6.1
溫馨提示：原理代碼分析程序較長，如果不想看的話，可直接跳轉到小結1、小結2，
1.快取原理
在前面Glide和Picasso對比介紹的時候，我們已經描述了Glide最基本呼叫程序：
Glide
.with(context)
.load(Url)
.into(targetImageView);從上述代碼可以看出，with傳人的是context背景關系，load加載圖片資源resouce,into是設定到具體的Imageview處理顯示，根據以往經驗，into應該是加載圖片的起點，我們先看里面的原始碼，
點進去發現有幾個構造多載方法，隨便點擊去一個，我們會發現最終呼叫的方法是下面這個方法：
private <Y extends Target<TranscodeType>> Y into(
@NonNull Y target,
@Nullable RequestListener<TranscodeType> targetListener,
@NonNull RequestOptions options) {
// 是否在主執行緒
Util.assertMainThread();
// 判斷加載圖片target是否為空
Preconditions.checkNotNull(target);
// 沒有設定圖片資源報錯
if (!isModelSet) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("You must call #load() before calling #into()");
}
// 圖片資源格式clone
options = options.autoClone();
// 構造圖片請求request
Request request = buildRequest(target, targetListener, options);
// 獲取當前request
Request previous = target.getRequest();
// 新創建的request和當前相同，將新構造的request回收并復用當前request
if (request.isEquivalentTo(previous)
&& !isSkipMemoryCacheWithCompletePreviousRequest(options, previous)) {
request.recycle();
// If the request is completed, beginning again will ensure the result is re-delivered,
// triggering RequestListeners and Targets. If the request is failed, beginning again will
// restart the request, giving it another chance to complete. If the request is already
// running, we can let it continue running without interruption.
// 如果當前request正在運行，直接開始加載圖片
if (!Preconditions.checkNotNull(previous).isRunning()) {
// Use the previous request rather than the new one to allow for optimizations like skipping
// setting placeholders, tracking and un-tracking Targets, and obtaining View dimensions
// that are done in the individual Request.
previous.begin();
}
return target;
}
// 清除當前request
requestManager.clear(target);
// 將新構造的請求和當前target系結起來
target.setRequest(request);
// 開始處理新構造的request
requestManager.track(target, request);
return target;
}從上面的原始碼可以看出，當我們into加載圖片首先會構造一個新的圖片request，我們看下buildRequest(target, targetListener, options)這個方法做了那些處理，我們跟進去會發現，最終呼叫的是buildRequestRecursive()方法，
private Request buildRequestRecursive(
Target<TranscodeType> target,
@Nullable RequestListener<TranscodeType> targetListener,
@Nullable RequestCoordinator parentCoordinator,
TransitionOptions<?, ? super TranscodeType> transitionOptions,
Priority priority,
int overrideWidth,
int overrideHeight,
RequestOptions requestOptions) {
// Build the ErrorRequestCoordinator first if necessary so we can update parentCoordinator.
// 創建一個錯誤處理器，以便后面可以更新原來的parentCoordinator
ErrorRequestCoordinator errorRequestCoordinator = null;
if (errorBuilder != null) {
errorRequestCoordinator = new ErrorRequestCoordinator(parentCoordinator);
parentCoordinator = errorRequestCoordinator;
}
// 構造一個mainRequest
Request mainRequest =
buildThumbnailRequestRecursive(
target,
targetListener,
parentCoordinator,
transitionOptions,
priority,
overrideWidth,
overrideHeight,
requestOptions);
// 之前傳入的parentCoordinator == null 直接回傳構造的request
if (errorRequestCoordinator == null) {
return mainRequest;
}
// 為errorRequest圖片寬、高賦值，為后續請求準備
int errorOverrideWidth = errorBuilder.requestOptions.getOverrideWidth();
int errorOverrideHeight = errorBuilder.requestOptions.getOverrideHeight();
if (Util.isValidDimensions(overrideWidth, overrideHeight)
&& !errorBuilder.requestOptions.isValidOverride()) {
errorOverrideWidth = requestOptions.getOverrideWidth();
errorOverrideHeight = requestOptions.getOverrideHeight();
}
// 構造一個errorRequest，并回傳
Request errorRequest = errorBuilder.buildRequestRecursive(
target,
targetListener,
errorRequestCoordinator,
errorBuilder.transitionOptions,
errorBuilder.requestOptions.getPriority(),
errorOverrideWidth,
errorOverrideHeight,
errorBuilder.requestOptions);
errorRequestCoordinator.setRequests(mainRequest, errorRequest);
return errorRequestCoordinator;
}從上面代碼可以看出，他首先會創建一個ErrorRequestCoordinator調度器，來更新之前傳入的parentCoordinator，之前傳入的代碼如下：
return buildRequestRecursive(
target,
targetListener,
/*parentCoordinator=*/ null,
transitionOptions,
requestOptions.getPriority(),
requestOptions.getOverrideWidth(),
requestOptions.getOverrideHeight(),
requestOptions);可以看出直接傳入了一個null，所以errorRequestCoordinator = null,直接回傳mainRequest;我們再一下mainRequest如何創建的：
private Request buildThumbnailRequestRecursive(
Target<TranscodeType> target,
RequestListener<TranscodeType> targetListener,
@Nullable RequestCoordinator parentCoordinator,
TransitionOptions<?, ? super TranscodeType> transitionOptions,
Priority priority,
int overrideWidth,
int overrideHeight,
RequestOptions requestOptions) {
if (thumbnailBuilder != null) {
// Recursive case: contains a potentially recursive thumbnail request builder.
...
ThumbnailRequestCoordinator coordinator = new ThumbnailRequestCoordinator(parentCoordinator);
Request fullRequest =
obtainRequest(
target,
targetListener,
requestOptions,
coordinator,
transitionOptions,
priority,
overrideWidth,
overrideHeight);
isThumbnailBuilt = true;
// Recursively generate thumbnail requests.
Request thumbRequest =
thumbnailBuilder.buildRequestRecursive(
target,
targetListener,
coordinator,
thumbTransitionOptions,
thumbPriority,
thumbOverrideWidth,
thumbOverrideHeight,
thumbnailBuilder.requestOptions);
isThumbnailBuilt = false;
coordinator.setRequests(fullRequest, thumbRequest);
return coordinator;
} else if (thumbSizeMultiplier != null) {
// Base case: thumbnail multiplier generates a thumbnail request, but cannot recurse.
ThumbnailRequestCoordinator coordinator = new ThumbnailRequestCoordinator(parentCoordinator);
Request fullRequest =
obtainRequest(
target,
targetListener,
requestOptions,
coordinator,
transitionOptions,
priority,
overrideWidth,
overrideHeight);
RequestOptions thumbnailOptions = requestOptions.clone()
.sizeMultiplier(thumbSizeMultiplier);
Request thumbnailRequest =
obtainRequest(
target,
targetListener,
thumbnailOptions,
coordinator,
transitionOptions,
getThumbnailPriority(priority),
overrideWidth,
overrideHeight);
coordinator.setRequests(fullRequest, thumbnailRequest);
return coordinator;
} else {
// Base case: no thumbnail.
return obtainRequest(
target,
targetListener,
requestOptions,
parentCoordinator,
transitionOptions,
priority,
overrideWidth,
overrideHeight);
}
}從上面代碼可以看出，它分為三種請求，一種包含縮略圖的請求但是遞回呼叫的，一種包含縮略圖請求直接請求的，一種不含縮略圖的請求，但是他們三個最終呼叫了SingleRequest.obtain()方法：
return SingleRequest.obtain(
context,
glideContext,
model,
transcodeClass,
requestOptions,
overrideWidth,
overrideHeight,
priority,
target,
targetListener,
requestListener,
requestCoordinator,
glideContext.getEngine(),
transitionOptions.getTransitionFactory());
}再往里看就是一個init方法，對請求各種引數的初始化：
private void init(
Context context,
GlideContext glideContext,
Object model,
Class<R> transcodeClass,
RequestOptions requestOptions,
int overrideWidth,
int overrideHeight,
Priority priority,
Target<R> target,
RequestListener<R> targetListener,
RequestListener<R> requestListener,
RequestCoordinator requestCoordinator,
Engine engine,
TransitionFactory<? super R> animationFactory) {
this.context = context;
this.glideContext = glideContext;
this.model = model;
this.transcodeClass = transcodeClass;
this.requestOptions = requestOptions;
this.overrideWidth = overrideWidth;
this.overrideHeight = overrideHeight;
this.priority = priority;
this.target = target;
this.targetListener = targetListener;
this.requestListener = requestListener;
this.requestCoordinator = requestCoordinator;
this.engine = engine;
this.animationFactory = animationFactory;
status = Status.PENDING;
}分析到這里我們發現，request請求構造完畢，接下來何時開始請求的呢？
我們回到最前面的into()方法里面，接著往下看，我們會發現，有兩處地方，一處是previous.begin()，一處是requestManager.track(target, request)，前者是復用上一個請求直接開始請求，后者是呼叫了RequestTracker.runRequest()方法：
public void runRequest(@NonNull Request request) {
requests.add(request);
if (!isPaused) {
request.begin();
} else {
pendingRequests.add(request);
}
}首先將request添加到一個佇列里面，如果當前不是pause狀態，開始請求，否則加入待請求佇列，（這里的佇列不是說存盤結構是佇列），
請求開始的地方找到了，我們之前構造請求分析到最終呼叫SingleRequest.init()方法，SingleRequest是request介面實作類，request.begin()，其實最侄訓回呼SingleRequest.begin()方法：
public void begin() {
...
// 圖片資源為空拋例外
if (model == null) {
if (Util.isValidDimensions(overrideWidth, overrideHeight)) {
width = overrideWidth;
height = overrideHeight;
}
// Only log at more verbose log levels if the user has set a fallback drawable, because
// fallback Drawables indicate the user expects null models occasionally.
int logLevel = getFallbackDrawable() == null ? Log.WARN : Log.DEBUG;
onl oadFailed(new GlideException("Received null model"), logLevel);
return;
}
if (status == Status.RUNNING) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot restart a running request");
}
// If we're restarted after we're complete (usually via something like a notifyDataSetChanged
// that starts an identical request into the same Target or View), we can simply use the
// resource and size we retrieved the last time around and skip obtaining a new size, starting a
// new load etc. This does mean that users who want to restart a load because they expect that
// the view size has changed will need to explicitly clear the View or Target before starting
// the new load.
// 圖片加載完成，釋放資源
if (status == Status.COMPLETE) {
onResourceReady(resource, DataSource.MEMORY_CACHE);
return;
}
// Restarts for requests that are neither complete nor running can be treated as new requests
// and can run again from the beginning.
// 新的請求從獲取圖片size開始
status = Status.WAITING_FOR_SIZE;
if (Util.isValidDimensions(overrideWidth, overrideHeight)) {
onSizeReady(overrideWidth, overrideHeight);
} else {
target.getSize(this);
}
// 通知加載圖片開始
if ((status == Status.RUNNING || status == Status.WAITING_FOR_SIZE)
&& canNotifyStatusChanged()) {
target.onLoadStarted(getPlaceholderDrawable());
}
if (IS_VERBOSE_LOGGABLE) {
logV("finished run method in " + LogTime.getElapsedMillis(startTime));
}
}我們看上面代碼會發現，一個新的請求是從onSizeReady()開始的：
public void onSizeReady(int width, int height) {
...
loadStatus = engine.load(
glideContext,
model,
requestOptions.getSignature(),
this.width,
this.height,
requestOptions.getResourceClass(),
transcodeClass,
priority,
requestOptions.getDiskCacheStrategy(),
requestOptions.getTransformations(),
requestOptions.isTransformationRequired(),
requestOptions.isScaleOnlyOrNoTransform(),
requestOptions.getOptions(),
requestOptions.isMemoryCacheable(),
requestOptions.getUseUnlimitedSourceGeneratorsPool(),
requestOptions.getUseAnimationPool(),
requestOptions.getOnlyRetrieveFromCache(),
this);
// This is a hack that's only useful for testing right now where loads complete synchronously
// even though under any executor running on any thread but the main thread, the load would
// have completed asynchronously.
if (status != Status.RUNNING) {
loadStatus = null;
}
if (IS_VERBOSE_LOGGABLE) {
logV("finished onSizeReady in " + LogTime.getElapsedMillis(startTime));
}
}我們看里面會呼叫一個engine.load()方法，engine干嘛的呢，我們進入Engine這個類，可以看到注釋描述是負責加載圖片和管理快取的，我們接下來看一下這個load()方法具體實作：
public <R> LoadStatus load(
GlideContext glideContext,
Object model,
Key signature,
int width,
int height,
Class<?> resourceClass,
Class<R> transcodeClass,
Priority priority,
DiskCacheStrategy diskCacheStrategy,
Map<Class<?>, Transformation<?>> transformations,
boolean isTransformationRequired,
boolean isScaleOnlyOrNoTransform,
Options options,
boolean isMemoryCacheable,
boolean useUnlimitedSourceExecutorPool,
boolean useAnimationPool,
boolean onlyRetrieveFromCache,
ResourceCallback cb) {
Util.assertMainThread();
long startTime = LogTime.getLogTime();
// 生成快取的key
EngineKey key = keyFactory.buildKey(model, signature, width, height, transformations,
resourceClass, transcodeClass, options);
// 從活動快取獲取
EngineResource<?> active = loadFromActiveResources(key, isMemoryCacheable);
if (active != null) {
cb.onResourceReady(active, DataSource.MEMORY_CACHE);
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
logWithTimeAndKey("Loaded resource from active resources", startTime, key);
}
return null;
}
// 從記憶體快取LruCache獲取
EngineResource<?> cached = loadFromCache(key, isMemoryCacheable);
if (cached != null) {
cb.onResourceReady(cached, DataSource.MEMORY_CACHE);
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
logWithTimeAndKey("Loaded resource from cache", startTime, key);
}
return null;
}
// 開啟執行緒從磁盤獲取快取
EngineJob<?> current = jobs.get(key, onlyRetrieveFromCache);
if (current != null) {
current.addCallback(cb);
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
logWithTimeAndKey("Added to existing load", startTime, key);
}
return new LoadStatus(cb, current);
}
EngineJob<R> engineJob =
engineJobFactory.build(
key,
isMemoryCacheable,
useUnlimitedSourceExecutorPool,
useAnimationPool,
onlyRetrieveFromCache);
DecodeJob<R> decodeJob =
decodeJobFactory.build(
glideContext,
model,
key,
signature,
width,
height,
resourceClass,
transcodeClass,
priority,
diskCacheStrategy,
transformations,
isTransformationRequired,
isScaleOnlyOrNoTransform,
onlyRetrieveFromCache,
options,
engineJob);
jobs.put(key, engineJob);
// 添加加載失敗、完成的回呼
engineJob.addCallback(cb);
// 通過執行緒池開啟一個執行緒
engineJob.start(decodeJob);
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
logWithTimeAndKey("Started new load", startTime, key);
}
return new LoadStatus(cb, engineJob);
}看到這里我們會驚喜的發現有兩個方法loadFromActiveResources()、loadFromCache()，這不就是我們想要獲取快取的方法嗎，我們先看loadFromActiveResources()方法：
private EngineResource<?> loadFromActiveResources(Key key, boolean isMemoryCacheable) {
// 不使用記憶體快取直接回傳null
if (!isMemoryCacheable) {
return null;
}
// 通過key取出快取
EngineResource<?> active = activeResources.get(key);
if (active != null) {
// 參考計數+1
active.acquire();
}
return active;
}我們從上面可以看到兩個方法一個獲取快取的get()方法，一個是acquire()方法，分別看下實作：
EngineResource<?> get(Key key) {
ResourceWeakReference activeRef = activeEngineResources.get(key);
if (activeRef == null) {
return null;
}
EngineResource<?> active = activeRef.get();
if (active == null) {
cleanupActiveReference(activeRef);
}
return active;
}
void acquire() {
if (isRecycled) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot acquire a recycled resource");
}
if (!Looper.getMainLooper().equals(Looper.myLooper())) {
throw new IllegalThreadStateException("Must call acquire on the main thread");
}
++acquired;
}我們從上面代碼可以看出我們使用一個弱參考存盤我們的活動快取，然后用一個計數器來標記是否正在使用，每參考一次+1，相反release時候-1，最后acquired=0時，回收我們的活動快取，
void release() {
if (acquired <= 0) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot release a recycled or not yet acquired resource");
}
if (!Looper.getMainLooper().equals(Looper.myLooper())) {
throw new IllegalThreadStateException("Must call release on the main thread");
}
if (--acquired == 0) {
listener.onResourceReleased(key, this);
}
}接下來我們看一下loadFromCache()方法，如下：
private EngineResource<?> loadFromCache(Key key, boolean isMemoryCacheable) {
if (!isMemoryCacheable) {
return null;
}
// 從Lrucahe取出快取，并從中移除
EngineResource<?> cached = getEngineResourceFromCache(key);
// 將快取存入弱參考中
if (cached != null) {
cached.acquire();
activeResources.activate(key, cached);
}
return cached;
}
private EngineResource<?> getEngineResourceFromCache(Key key) {
Resource<?> cached = cache.remove(key);
final EngineResource<?> result;
if (cached == null) {
result = null;
} else if (cached instanceof EngineResource) {
// Save an object allocation if we've cached an EngineResource (the typical case).
result = (EngineResource<?>) cached;
} else {
result = new EngineResource<>(cached, true /*isMemoryCacheable*/, true /*isRecyclable*/);
}
return result;
}
void activate(Key key, EngineResource<?> resource) {
ResourceWeakReference toPut =
new ResourceWeakReference(
key,
resource,
getReferenceQueue(),
isActiveResourceRetentionAllowed);
ResourceWeakReference removed = activeEngineResources.put(key, toPut);
if (removed != null) {
removed.reset();
}
}我們可以看到他是先從LruCache獲取快取并從Lrucache中移除,然后在放入弱參考中保存，完成快取從LruCache到弱參考的轉移，
接著engine.load()方法往下看，我們可以看到分別創建了一個EngineJob、DecodeJob,EngineJob是負責管理加載成功、失敗的回呼，DecodeJob是一個執行緒，負責獲取磁盤快取，
Engine#load方法： engineJob.addCallback(cb);
engineJob.start(decodeJob);
// 添加加載完成的回呼
void addCallback(ResourceCallback cb) {
Util.assertMainThread();
stateVerifier.throwIfRecycled();
if (hasResource) {
cb.onResourceReady(engineResource, dataSource);
} else if (hasLoadFailed) {
cb.onLoadFailed(exception);
} else {
cbs.add(cb);
}
}
// 開啟一個執行緒
public void start(DecodeJob<R> decodeJob) {
this.decodeJob = decodeJob;
GlideExecutor executor = decodeJob.willDecodeFromCache()
? diskCacheExecutor
: getActiveSourceExecutor();
executor.execute(decodeJob);
}
我們知道一個執行緒開啟后，運行的方法是run()，so我們看看DecodeJob的run()方法
public void run() {
DataFetcher<?> localFetcher = currentFetcher;
try {
// 如果取消了，直接通知錯誤
if (isCancelled) {
notifyFailed();
return;
}
// 根據策略加載不同的快取
runWrapped();
} catch (Throwable t) {
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG)) {
Log.d(TAG, "DecodeJob threw unexpectedly"
+ ", isCancelled: " + isCancelled
+ ", stage: " + stage, t);
}
// When we're encoding we've already notified our callback and it isn't safe to do so again.
if (stage != Stage.ENCODE) {
throwables.add(t);
notifyFailed();
}
if (!isCancelled) {
throw t;
}
} finally {
// 最后呼叫clean方法
if (localFetcher != null) {
localFetcher.cleanup();
}
TraceCompat.endSection();
}
}從上面的代碼可以看出主要是呼叫了runWrapped()方法，這個方法主要是根據不同的策略加載不同型別的磁盤快取，在分析代碼之前我們先回顧一下Glide支持哪幾種磁盤快取？
Glide5大磁盤快取策略
DiskCacheStrategy.DATA: 只快取原始圖片；DiskCacheStrategy.RESOURCE:只快取轉換過后的圖片；DiskCacheStrategy.ALL:既快取原始圖片，也快取轉換過后的圖片；對于遠程圖片，快取DATA和RESOURCE；對于本地圖片，只快取RESOURCE；DiskCacheStrategy.NONE：不快取任何內容；DiskCacheStrategy.AUTOMATIC：默認策略，嘗試對本地和遠程圖片使用最佳的策略，當下載網路圖片時，使用DATA；對于本地圖片，使用RESOURCE；
從上面可以知道，Glide支持5種磁盤快取策略，接著看runWrapped()方法實作：
private void runWrapped() {
switch (runReason) {
case INITIALIZE:
stage = getNextStage(Stage.INITIALIZE);
currentGenerator = getNextGenerator();
runGenerators();
break;
case SWITCH_TO_SOURCE_SERVICE:
runGenerators();
break;
case DECODE_DATA:
decodeFromRetrievedData();
break;
default:
throw new IllegalStateException("Unrecognized run reason: " + runReason);
}
}我們從上面代碼可以看出主要呼叫了3個方法 getNextStage()、getNextGenerator()、runGenerators()：
private Stage getNextStage(Stage current) {
switch (current) {
case INITIALIZE:
return diskCacheStrategy.decodeCachedResource()
? Stage.RESOURCE_CACHE : getNextStage(Stage.RESOURCE_CACHE);
case RESOURCE_CACHE:
return diskCacheStrategy.decodeCachedData()
? Stage.DATA_CACHE : getNextStage(Stage.DATA_CACHE);
case DATA_CACHE:
// Skip loading from source if the user opted to only retrieve the resource from cache.
return onlyRetrieveFromCache ? Stage.FINISHED : Stage.SOURCE;
case SOURCE:
case FINISHED:
return Stage.FINISHED;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unrecognized stage: " + current);
}
}
private DataFetcherGenerator getNextGenerator() {
switch (stage) {
case RESOURCE_CACHE:
return new ResourceCacheGenerator(decodeHelper, this);
case DATA_CACHE:
return new DataCacheGenerator(decodeHelper, this);
case SOURCE:
return new SourceGenerator(decodeHelper, this);
case FINISHED:
return null;
default:
throw new IllegalStateException("Unrecognized stage: " + stage);
}
}
private void runGenerators() {
currentThread = Thread.currentThread();
startFetchTime = LogTime.getLogTime();
boolean isStarted = false;
while (!isCancelled && currentGenerator != null
&& !(isStarted = currentGenerator.startNext())) {
stage = getNextStage(stage);
currentGenerator = getNextGenerator();
if (stage == Stage.SOURCE) {
reschedule();
return;
}
}
// We've run out of stages and generators, give up.
if ((stage == Stage.FINISHED || isCancelled) && !isStarted) {
notifyFailed();
}
}
依次往下看getNextStage()方法會根據當前Stage的狀態回傳下一個Stage狀態，然后getNextGenerator()會根據當前的Stage狀態回傳對應的快取生成器，然后執行runGenerators()方法，里面呼叫了快取生成器的startNext()方法,回圈執行getNextStage()、getNextGenerator()方法，最后當前stage是Stage.SOURCE跳出當前回圈，如果我們第一次從網路加載圖片,由于Stage最開始狀態是INITIALIZE，最終呼叫的是SouceGenerator,如果有磁盤快取時，呼叫DataCacheGenerator、ResouceCacheGenerator，
- ResourceCacheGenerator: 變換之后的資料快取生成器，
- DataCacheGenerator：直接從網路獲取的資料快取生成器，
- SourceGenerator: 未經變換原始資料快取生成器，
我們在SouceGenerator的StartNext()可以看到：
public boolean startNext() {
// 如果有快取，從快取中獲取
if (dataToCache != null) {
Object data = dataToCache;
dataToCache = null;
cacheData(data);
}
// 呼叫DataCacheGenerator startNext()方法
if (sourceCacheGenerator != null && sourceCacheGenerator.startNext()) {
return true;
}
sourceCacheGenerator = null;
loadData = null;
boolean started = false;
while (!started && hasNextModelLoader()) {
loadData = helper.getLoadData().get(loadDataListIndex++);
if (loadData != null
&& (helper.getDiskCacheStrategy().isDataCacheable(loadData.fetcher.getDataSource())
|| helper.hasLoadPath(loadData.fetcher.getDataClass()))) {
started = true;
// 從網路加載資料
loadData.fetcher.loadData(helper.getPriority(), this);
}
}
return started;
}從上面代碼可以看出SouceGenerator.StartNext()方法先會判斷當前是否有快取，由于第一次從網路加載圖片是沒有快取的，最終呼叫的是fetcher.loadData()方法，通過HttpUrlFetcher實作的，代碼如下：
@Override
public void loadData(@NonNull Priority priority,
@NonNull DataCallback<? super InputStream> callback) {
long startTime = LogTime.getLogTime();
try {
InputStream result = loadDataWithRedirects(glideUrl.toURL(), 0, null, glideUrl.getHeaders());
// 請求完成回呼
callback.onDataReady(result);
} catch (IOException e) {
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG)) {
Log.d(TAG, "Failed to load data for url", e);
}
callback.onLoadFailed(e);
} finally {
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
Log.v(TAG, "Finished http url fetcher fetch in " + LogTime.getElapsedMillis(startTime));
}
}
}請求完成通過onDataReady()回呼-->到SourceGenerator.onDataFetcherReady()方法先保存資料:
@Override
public void onDataReady(Object data) {
DiskCacheStrategy diskCacheStrategy = helper.getDiskCacheStrategy();
if (data != null && diskCacheStrategy.isDataCacheable(loadData.fetcher.getDataSource())) {
// 保存資料
dataToCache = data;
// We might be being called back on someone else's thread. Before doing anything, we should
// reschedule to get back onto Glide's thread.
// 回呼
cb.reschedule();
} else {
cb.onDataFetcherReady(loadData.sourceKey, data, loadData.fetcher,
loadData.fetcher.getDataSource(), originalKey);
}
}通過回呼，最終通過DecodeJob#run()方法通過decodeFromRetrievedData()方法呼叫notifyEncodeAndRelease()方法
private void decodeFromRetrievedData() {
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
logWithTimeAndKey("Retrieved data", startFetchTime,
"data: " + currentData
+ ", cache key: " + currentSourceKey
+ ", fetcher: " + currentFetcher);
}
Resource<R> resource = null;
try {
resource = decodeFromData(currentFetcher, currentData, currentDataSource);
} catch (GlideException e) {
e.setLoggingDetails(currentAttemptingKey, currentDataSource);
throwables.add(e);
}
if (resource != null) {
// 加載資料
notifyEncodeAndRelease(resource, currentDataSource);
} else {
runGenerators();
}
}最后到handleResultOnMainThread()方法完成加載圖片，并通過弱參考寫入快取：
@Synthetic
void handleResultOnMainThread() {
stateVerifier.throwIfRecycled();
if (isCancelled) {
resource.recycle();
release(false /*isRemovedFromQueue*/);
return;
} else if (cbs.isEmpty()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Received a resource without any callbacks to notify");
} else if (hasResource) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Already have resource");
}
engineResource = engineResourceFactory.build(resource, isCacheable);
hasResource = true;
// Hold on to resource for duration of request so we don't recycle it in the middle of
// notifying if it synchronously released by one of the callbacks.
engineResource.acquire();
// 圖片請求完成，并寫入快取
listener.onEngineJobComplete(this, key, engineResource);
//noinspection ForLoopReplaceableByForEach to improve perf
for (int i = 0, size = cbs.size(); i < size; i++) {
ResourceCallback cb = cbs.get(i);
if (!isInIgnoredCallbacks(cb)) {
engineResource.acquire();
cb.onResourceReady(engineResource, dataSource);
}
}
// Our request is complete, so we can release the resource.
engineResource.release();
release(false /*isRemovedFromQueue*/);
}
public void onEngineJobComplete(EngineJob<?> engineJob, Key key, EngineResource<?> resource) {
Util.assertMainThread();
// A null resource indicates that the load failed, usually due to an exception.
if (resource != null) {
resource.setResourceListener(key, this);
if (resource.isCacheable()) {
activeResources.activate(key, resource);
}
}
jobs.removeIfCurrent(key, engineJob);
}我們第一次從網路加載圖片是通過SouceGenerator從網路獲取顯示并寫入快取，我們再看看DataCacheGenerator、ResouceCacheGenerator快取獲取，
public boolean startNext() {
List<Key> sourceIds = helper.getCacheKeys();
if (sourceIds.isEmpty()) {
return false;
}
List<Class<?>> resourceClasses = helper.getRegisteredResourceClasses();
if (resourceClasses.isEmpty()) {
if (File.class.equals(helper.getTranscodeClass())) {
return false;
}
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Failed to find any load path from " + helper.getModelClass() + " to "
+ helper.getTranscodeClass());
}
while (modelLoaders == null || !hasNextModelLoader()) {
resourceClassIndex++;
if (resourceClassIndex >= resourceClasses.size()) {
sourceIdIndex++;
if (sourceIdIndex >= sourceIds.size()) {
return false;
}
resourceClassIndex = 0;
}
Key sourceId = sourceIds.get(sourceIdIndex);
Class<?> resourceClass = resourceClasses.get(resourceClassIndex);
Transformation<?> transformation = helper.getTransformation(resourceClass);
// 獲取快取Key
currentKey =
new ResourceCacheKey(// NOPMD AvoidInstantiatingObjectsInLoops
helper.getArrayPool(),
sourceId,
helper.getSignature(),
helper.getWidth(),
helper.getHeight(),
transformation,
resourceClass,
helper.getOptions());
// 讀取快取
cacheFile = helper.getDiskCache().get(currentKey);
if (cacheFile != null) {
sourceKey = sourceId;
modelLoaders = helper.getModelLoaders(cacheFile);
modelLoaderIndex = 0;
}
}
loadData = null;
boolean started = false;
while (!started && hasNextModelLoader()) {
ModelLoader<File, ?> modelLoader = modelLoaders.get(modelLoaderIndex++);
loadData = modelLoader.buildLoadData(cacheFile,
helper.getWidth(), helper.getHeight(), helper.getOptions());
if (loadData != null && helper.hasLoadPath(loadData.fetcher.getDataClass())) {
started = true;
// 網路加載
loadData.fetcher.loadData(helper.getPriority(), this);
}
}
return started;
}大概流程：先獲取快取key，然后取出快取，如果快取不存在，通過網路重新獲取，
至此，終于將Glide快取原理全部分析完畢，總結一下，
小結1
Glide總共有2級快取，一級記憶體快取包括弱參考活動快取、LruCache快取，二級DiskLruCache，第一次從網路加載圖片時，會開啟執行緒從網路下載圖片，下載完成后保存到磁盤，然后再加入弱參考快取，下次加載圖片會先從弱參考獲取，弱參考維護一個acquired引數，判斷當前圖片是否正在使用，每load一次+1，每release一次-1，如果acquired == 0時，代表圖片不在使用，回收弱參考物件并把快取寫入LruCache,如果從弱參考獲取不到快取，就會從LruCache獲取快取，并將從當前佇列移除，放入弱參考保存，最后如果LruCache也獲取不到快取，從磁盤獲取快取，如果磁盤快取不存在，就會重新從網路加載圖片，
2.生命周期處理
Glide生命周期相比快取處理，要簡單不少，下面通過原始碼簡單介紹一下，
熟悉Glide的同學應該知道，Glide是通過Glide.With("xxx")傳入生命周期：
大概有5個構造方法，和之前一樣隨便點進去一個去看：
@NonNull
public RequestManager get(@NonNull Context context) {
if (context == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("You cannot start a load on a null Context");
} else if (Util.isOnMainThread() && !(context instanceof Application)) {
if (context instanceof FragmentActivity) {
return get((FragmentActivity) context);
} else if (context instanceof Activity) {
return get((Activity) context);
} else if (context instanceof ContextWrapper) {
return get(((ContextWrapper) context).getBaseContext());
}
}
return getApplicationManager(context);
}我們發現其實你傳入無論是fragment還是activity還是view context主要分為兩種一種是Application、一種非Application,我們先看下Application的，回傳的是getApplicationManager(context)：
@NonNull
private RequestManager getApplicationManager(@NonNull Context context) {
// Either an application context or we're on a background thread.
if (applicationManager == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (applicationManager == null) {
// TODO(b/27524013): Factor out this Glide.get() call.
Glide glide = Glide.get(context.getApplicationContext());
applicationManager =
factory.build(
glide,
new ApplicationLifecycle(),
new EmptyRequestManagerTreeNode(),
context.getApplicationContext());
}
}
}
return applicationManager;
}從上面代碼可以看出關聯的是app生命周期，和應用的生命周期一致，我們再看非Application，根據是否support包下區分為
fragmentGet()、supportFragmentGet()方法：
private RequestManager supportFragmentGet(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull FragmentManager fm,
@Nullable Fragment parentHint) {
// 創建一個空白fragment
SupportRequestManagerFragment current = getSupportRequestManagerFragment(fm, parentHint);
RequestManager requestManager = current.getRequestManager();
if (requestManager == null) {
// glide關聯fragment的生命周期
Glide glide = Glide.get(context);
requestManager =
factory.build(
glide, current.getGlideLifecycle(), current.getRequestManagerTreeNode(), context);
current.setRequestManager(requestManager);
}
return requestManager;
}
@NonNull
private RequestManager fragmentGet(@NonNull Context context,
@NonNull android.app.FragmentManager fm,
@Nullable android.app.Fragment parentHint) {
// 創建一個空白fragment
RequestManagerFragment current = getRequestManagerFragment(fm, parentHint);
RequestManager requestManager = current.getRequestManager();
if (requestManager == null) {
// TODO(b/27524013): Factor out this Glide.get() call.
Glide glide = Glide.get(context);
// glide關聯fragment的生命周期
requestManager =
factory.build(
glide, current.getGlideLifecycle(), current.getRequestManagerTreeNode(), context);
current.setRequestManager(requestManager);
}
return requestManager;
}我們可以看到他們首先都會創建一個空白fragment，然后和Glide關聯起來，
RequestManagerFragment getRequestManagerFragment(
@NonNull final android.app.FragmentManager fm, @Nullable android.app.Fragment parentHint) {
// 先根據tag查找是否存在
RequestManagerFragment current = (RequestManagerFragment) fm.findFragmentByTag(FRAGMENT_TAG);
if (current == null) {
如果為空從map中取出
current = pendingRequestManagerFragments.get(fm);
if (current == null) {
// 創建一個空白fragment
current = new RequestManagerFragment();
current.setParentFragmentHint(parentHint);
// 放入map里面
pendingRequestManagerFragments.put(fm, current);
// 添加之前創建的空白fragment
fm.beginTransaction().add(current, FRAGMENT_TAG).commitAllowingStateLoss();
// 通知map移除剛添加的fragment
handler.obtainMessage(ID_REMOVE_FRAGMENT_MANAGER, fm).sendToTarget();
}
}
return current;
}我們進入RequestManagerFragment會發現，創建的時候，會默認構造一個ActivityFragmentLifecycle：
public RequestManagerFragment() {
this(new ActivityFragmentLifecycle());
}
class ActivityFragmentLifecycle implements Lifecycle {
// 省略代碼...
@Override
public void addListener(@NonNull LifecycleListener listener) {
lifecycleListeners.add(listener);
if (isDestroyed) {
listener.onDestroy();
} else if (isStarted) {
listener.onStart();
} else {
listener.onStop();
}
}
@Override
public void removeListener(@NonNull LifecycleListener listener) {
lifecycleListeners.remove(listener);
}
void onStart() {
isStarted = true;
for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) {
lifecycleListener.onStart();
}
}
void onStop() {
isStarted = false;
for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) {
lifecycleListener.onStop();
}
}
void onDestroy() {
isDestroyed = true;
for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) {
lifecycleListener.onDestroy();
}
}
}
其中宣告了onStart()、onStop()、onDestroy()方法，我們再看RequestManagerFragment里面對應的onStart()、onStop()、onDestroy()方法：
#RequestManagerFragment
@Override
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
lifecycle.onStart();
}
@Override
public void onStop() {
super.onStop();
lifecycle.onStop();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
lifecycle.onDestroy();
unregisterFragmentWithRoot();
}會發現fragment周期方法回呼的時候會回呼ActivityFragmentLifecycle的方法，然后遍歷所有LifecycleListener，LifecycleListener是什么呢？
public interface LifecycleListener {
/**
* Callback for when {@link android.app.Fragment#onStart()}} or {@link
* android.app.Activity#onStart()} is called.
*/
void onStart();
/**
* Callback for when {@link android.app.Fragment#onStop()}} or {@link
* android.app.Activity#onStop()}} is called.
*/
void onStop();
/**
* Callback for when {@link android.app.Fragment#onDestroy()}} or {@link
* android.app.Activity#onDestroy()} is called.
*/
void onDestroy();
}其實就是Glide定義生命周期相關介面，通過介面回呼，來控制暫停、恢復加載、移除相關操作，
小結2
總結一下，Glide生命周期和Activity、Fragment關聯，是通過with方法傳入引數，如果是Application context就與app的生命周期關聯起來，如果非Application context 先判斷是否是后臺執行緒，會轉為Application context方法，繼續執行，如果不是就會通過創建一個空白fragment，并構造一個ActivityFragmentLifecycle介面，fragment生命周期方法呼叫時，ActivityFragmentLifecycle中的介面方法會呼叫并回呼到Glide LifecycleListener介面，從而實作了和fragment生命周期管理起來，
總結
至此，終于全部分析完了，本文描述了Glide、Fresco、Picasso對比，著重從原始碼分析了一下Glide快取和生命周期原理，由于個人水平有限，有誤的地方敬請指出，謝謝，
Thanks:
Android 【手撕Glide】--Glide快取機制
創作不易，如果覺得有用的話，麻煩點個贊，
轉載請註明出處，本文鏈接：https://www.uj5u.com/qita/184624.html
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