docker-compose概述

docker compose前身是Fig，它是一個運行多個docker容器的工具，使用 docker compose不再需要使用shell腳本來啟動容器，適合組合使用多個容器進行并發的場景

YAML語言

YAML是一種標記語言很直觀的資料序列化格式

YAML格式：

• 不支持制表符tab鍵縮進，需要使用空格縮進
• 通常開頭縮進兩個空格
• 字符后縮進一個空格，如冒號、逗號、橫杠
• #表示注釋
• 如果包含特殊字符用單引號引起來
• 布林值不行用引號括起來

Docker Compose配置常用欄位

Docker Compose常用命令

Consul

Consul是HashiCorp公司推出的開源工具，用于實作分布式系統的服務發現與配置

特性：

• 支持健康檢查，運行存盤鍵值對
• 基于Golong語言，可移植性強
• 支持ACL訪問控制
• 與docker等輕量級容器可無縫配合

compose部署

設備：192.168.118.44（Docker-ce、 Compose 3、Consul、 Consul-template）
192.168.118.88（Docker-ce、registrator）

192.168.118.44：

[root@docker ~]# mkdir whd
[root@docker ~]# cd compose_nginx
[root@docker compose_nginx]# mkdir nginx  wwwroot
[root@docker compose_nginx]# cd nginx/
[root@docker nginx]# touch Dockerfile
[root@docker nginx]# cd ../tomcat/
[root@docker tomcat]# touch Dockerfile
[root@docker tomcat]# cd ..
[root@docker compose_nginx]# yum install -y tree
[root@docker compose_nginx]# tree -L 2
.
├── nginx
│   ├── Dockerfile
│   └── nginx-1.15.9.tar.gz
└── wwwroot
    └── Dockerfile
[root@docker compose_nginx]# cd nginx
[root@docker nginx]# vim Dockerfile 		##撰寫Dockerfile
FROM centos:7 as build
ADD nginx-1.15.9.tar.gz /opt
WORKDIR /opt/nginx-1.15.9
RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make &> /dev/null && \
 yum clean all && \
 sed -i 's/CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/g' auto/cc/gcc && \
 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx &> /dev/null && \
 make &> /dev/null && \
 make install &> /dev/null && \
 rm -rf /opt/nginx-1.15.9

FROM centos:7
EXPOSE 80
VOLUME ["/usr/local/nginx/html"]
COPY --from=build /usr/local/nginx /usr/local/nginx
CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]

[root@docker nginx]# cd ../wwwroot/
[root@docker wwwroot]# vim index.html
this is NG web

• 下載compose（上傳docker_compose）

[root@docker ~]# cp docker-compose /usr/local/bin
[root@docker ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

[root@docker compose_nginx]# vim docker-compose.yml
version: '3'
services:
  nginx:
    hostname: nginx
    build:
      context: ./nginx
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    ports:
      - 1216:80
      - 1217:443
    networks:
      - cluster
    volumes:
      - ./wwwroot:/usr/local/nginx/html
networks:
  cluster:
[root@docker compose_nginx]# docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d
[root@docker compose_nginx]# docker-compose ps
        Name                       Command               State                                   Ports                                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
compose_nginx_nginx_1   /usr/local/nginx/sbin/ngin ...   Up      0.0.0.0:1217->443/tcp,:::1217->443/tcp,                              
                                                                 0.0.0.0:1216->80/tcp,:::1216->80/tcp 

• 查看瀏覽器192.168.118.44:1216
  

Consul部署

設備：centos7，安裝dockers（consul、registrator（自動發現），template（更新））
192.2168.118.44：

[root@docker ~]# mkdir consul
[root@docker ~]# cd consul/
[root@docker consul]# unzip consul_0.9.2_linux_amd64.zip 
Archive:  consul_0.9.2_linux_amd64.zip
  inflating: consul                  
[root@cons[root@consul consul]# consul agent \
> -server \
> -bootstrap \
> -ui \
> -data-dir=/var/lib/consul-data \
> -bind=192.168.118.44 \
> -client=0.0.0.0 \
> -node=consul-server01 &> /var/log/consul.log &
ul consul]# mv consul /usr/bin
[root@docker consul]# jobs
[1]+  運行中               consul agent -server -bootstrap -ui -data-dir=/var/lib/consul-data -bind=192.168.118.44 -client=0.0.0.0 -node=consul-server01 &>/var/log/consul.log &

##查看集群資訊
[root@docker consul]# consul members
Node             Address              Status  Type    Build  Protocol  DC
consul-server01  192.168.118.44:8301  alive   server  0.9.2  2         dc1
[root@docker 
consul]# consul info | grep leader
	leader = true
	leader_addr = 192.168.118.44:8300

• 在192.168.118.88上安裝 Gliderlabs/Registrator

root@docker nginx]# docker run -d \			## 安裝 Gliderlabs/Registrator Gliderlabs/Registrator
> --name=registrator \
> --net=host \
> -v /var/run/docker.sock:/tmp/docker.sock \
> --restart=always \
> gliderlabs/registrator:latest \
> -ip=192.168.118.88 \
> consul://192.168.118.44:8500

##測驗服務發現功能是否正常
[root@docker nginx]# docker run -itd -p:83:80 --name test-01 -h test01 nginx
[root@docker nginx]# docker run -itd -p:84:80 --name test-02 -h test02 nginx
[root@docker nginx]# docker run -itd -p:88:80 --name test-03 -h test03 httpd
[root@docker nginx]# docker run -itd -p:89:80 --name test-04 -h test04 httpd

瀏覽器訪問192.168.118.44:8500，查看添加的容器服務

安裝 consul-template

192.168.118.44節點上安裝配置

[root@docker consul]# vim /root/consul/nginx.ctmpl
upstream http_backend {
  {{range service "nginx"}}
   server {{.Address}}:{{.Port}};   #此處參考的變數會指向后端的地址和埠（動態變化）
   {{end}}
}

server {
  listen 83;
  server_name localhost 192.168.118.44;		#反向代理的IP地址(前端展示的NG服務的IP)
  access_log /var/log/nginx/whd.cn-access.log;
  index index.html index.php;
  location / {
    proxy_set_header HOST $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;		#后端真實IP
    proxy_set_header Client-IP $remote_addr;	
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;	#轉發地址
    proxy_pass http://http_backend;
  }
}

• 手工編譯安裝nginx

[root@docker consul]# yum install gcc pcre-devel zlib-devel -y
[root@docker consul]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz  -C /opt
[root@docker consul]# cd /opt/nginx-1.12.2/
[root@docker nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
[root@docker nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install
[root@docker nginx-1.12.2]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf	##修改組態檔

[root@docker nginx-1.12.2]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost		#創建虛擬機目錄
[root@docker nginx-1.12.2]# mkdir /var/log/nginx		##創建日志檔案目錄
[root@docker nginx-1.12.2]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx		##啟動nginx
[root@docker nginx-1.12.2]# netstat -antp | grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      28727/nginx: master 

• 配置并啟動 template

[root@docker opt]# unzip consul-template_0.19.3_linux_amd64.zip		##上去consul-template包并解壓
Archive:  consul-template_0.19.3_linux_amd64.zip
  inflating: consul-template         
[root@docker opt]# mv consul-template /usr/bin/

##關聯nginx 虛擬目錄中的子組態檔
[root@docker opt]# consul-template -consul-addr 192.168.118.44:8500 \
> -template "/root/consul/nginx.ctmpl:/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/whd.conf:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload" \
> --log-level=info

##再開另一個終端查看
[root@docker opt]#  cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/whd.conf 
upstream http_backend {
  
   server 192.168.118.88:83;   
   
   server 192.168.118.88:84;   
   
}

server {
  listen 83;
  server_name localhost 192.168.226.128;		
  access_log /var/log/nginx/whd.cn-access.log;
  index index.html index.php;
  location / {
    proxy_set_header HOST $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;		
    proxy_set_header Client-IP $remote_addr;	
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;	
    proxy_pass http://http_backend;
  }
}

• 在192.168.118.88節點新建容器，確認注冊到consul

[root@server docker]# docker run -itd -p:85:80 --name test-06 -h test06 nginx
dcc0eb9e689df6ef3128b4474627bbc85e4f8229f99c081888aa91425c3192c3

• 在192.168.118.44節點再關聯一次nginx 虛擬目錄中的子組態檔，查看檔案內容是否有新的server添加

[root@docker opt]# consul-template -consul-addr 192.168.118.44:8500 -template "/root/consul/nginx.ctmpl:/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/whd.conf:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload" --log-level=info

[root@docker opt]#  cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/whd.conf 
upstream http_backend {
  
   server 192.168.118.88:83;   
   
   server 192.168.118.88:84;   
   
   server 192.168.118.88:85;   		##可以看到我們添加的nginx服務
   
}