IDEA后臺與安卓資料互動-有解無憂

實作功能：Android app發ID資料給IDEA
后臺，后臺根據獲取到的ID資料查詢資料庫并將對應的資料發回客戶端顯示在app界面

開發工具：IDEA，Android studio，MySQL

Android端：(以下為需要新建或者修改的檔案，以便新手學習)
Java：MainActivity
GuestToServer
layout:activity_main
build.gradle(app)
AndoidManifest.xml
客戶端運行示例：
在這里插入圖片描述
代碼展示：

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    //登錄用戶名輸入框
    private EditText et_username;
    //登錄密碼輸入框
    private EditText et_password;
    //登錄按鈕
    private EditText id;
    private Button bt_login;
    private TextView tv;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //獲取組件
        init();
        //對登錄按鈕的點擊監控
        bt_login.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // Toast.makeText(LoginActivity.this, "登錄成功！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                final Handler myHandler = new Handler(){
                    public void handleMessage(Message msg){
                        String responseResult = (String)msg.obj;
                        // Toast.makeText(LoginActivity.this, "登錄成功！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                        //登錄成功
               System.out.println("response"+responseResult);
                       try{
                        JSONObject root = new JSONObject(responseResult);
                           String userName = root.getString("userName");
                           tv.append("userName"+"="+userName+"\n");
                       }
                       catch (JSONException e) {
                           e.printStackTrace();
                       }
                        if(responseResult.equals("" +
                                "true")){  Toast.makeText(com.example.myapplication.MainActivity.this, "登錄成功！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                        }
                        //登錄失敗
                        else{                 Toast.makeText(com.example.myapplication.MainActivity.this, "登錄失敗！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                        }
                    }
                };
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        GuestToServer guestToServer = new GuestToServer();
                        try {
                            //如果是呼叫GuestToServer中驗證用戶名與密碼的方法則使用下面句
                           //String result = guestToServer.doPost(et_username.getText().toString().trim(), et_password.getText().toString().trim());
                            String result = guestToServer.doPost(id.getText().toString().trim());
                            Message msg = new Message();
                         msg.obj = result;
                            myHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }).start();
            }
        });
    }
    /**
     * 獲取組件
     */
    private void init() {
        et_username = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.et_username);
        et_password = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.et_password);
        id= (EditText)findViewById(R.id.id);
        bt_login = (Button)findViewById(R.id.bt_login);
        tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);//獲取到TextView組件
    }

}

 GuestToServer

import android.util.Log;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;


public class GuestToServer {

    //localhost為本地主機IP地址/login為idea后臺專案名
    private String url = "http://localhost:8080/login";
    //服務器回傳的結果//
    String result = "";
    /**
     * 使用Post方式向服務器發送請求并回傳回應
     *
     * //如果使用驗證用戶名及密碼的方法那么使用public String doPost(String username, String password) throws IOException {
     * //且放出下面兩句引數設定
    // * @param username 傳遞給服務器的username
   //  * @param password 傳遞給服務器的password
     *  @param id 傳遞給服務器的id
     * @return
     */
    public String doPost(String id) throws IOException {
        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        NameValuePair param3 = new BasicNameValuePair("id", id);
        List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
        params.add(param3);
        //將引數包裝如HttpEntity中并放入HttpPost的請求體中
        HttpEntity httpEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "GBK");
        httpPost.setEntity(httpEntity);
        HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        //如果回應成功
        if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
            //得到資訊體
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
            InputStream inputStream = entity.getContent();
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
            String readLine = null;
            while ((readLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
                result += readLine;
            }
            inputStream.close();
            return result;
        }
        //回應失敗
        else {
            return "false";
        }
    }
    /*
    public String doPost(String username, String password) throws IOException {
        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        //將username與password引數裝入List中
        NameValuePair param1 = new BasicNameValuePair("username", username);
        NameValuePair param2 = new BasicNameValuePair("password", password);
        List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
        params.add(param1);
        params.add(param2);
        //將引數包裝如HttpEntity中并放入HttpPost的請求體中
        HttpEntity httpEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "GBK");
        httpPost.setEntity(httpEntity);
        HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        //如果回應成功
        if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
            //得到資訊體
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
            InputStream inputStream = entity.getContent();
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
            String readLine = null;
            while ((readLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
                result += readLine;
            }
            inputStream.close();
            return result;
        }
        //回應失敗
        else {
            return "false";
        }
    }*/
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout 
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_login"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <TextView
        android:text="登錄界面"
        android:textSize="10dp"
        android:textColor="#003399"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"/>
    <TextView
        android:text="用戶名"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        android:textColor="#CC0000"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/textView2"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"/>
    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:inputType="textPersonName"
        android:ems="10"
        android:id="@+id/et_username"
        android:textSize="10dp"
        android:textColor="#003399"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"/>
    <TextView
        android:text="密碼 "
        android:textSize="20dp"
        android:textColor="#CC0000"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/textView3"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"/>
    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:inputType="textPersonName"
        android:ems="10"
        android:id="@+id/et_password"
        android:textSize="10dp"
        android:textColor="#003399"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"/>
    <TextView
        android:text="ID "
        android:textSize="20dp"
        android:textColor="#CC0000"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/idtextview"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"/>
    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:inputType="textPersonName"
        android:ems="10"
        android:id="@+id/id"
        android:textSize="10dp"
        android:textColor="#003399"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"/>
    <Button
        android:text="登錄"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/bt_login"
        android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
        android:layout_marginRight="20dp"
        android:background="#0099FF"/>
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/tv"/>
</LinearLayout>

如果專案出現報錯，記得檢查報錯日志，一般是apache沒有匯入
在build.gradle里加入這行
useLibrary’org.apache.http.legacy’
在這里插入圖片描述
由于版本不同，有些需要在manifest檔案中的appication加入

<application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme"
        android:usesCleartextTraffic="true">
        <uses-library android:name="org.apache.http.legacy" android:required="false"/>

至此，Android app搭建完畢，可試運行
IDEA后臺專案搭建：
可參考上一篇小程式后臺，共用一個后臺與資料庫無需更改

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