ESP32 MicroPython開發之旅 設備篇⑦ —— dht11 OLED ssd1306，簡單上手

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DHT11 和 DHT22

• Dht11和 dht22傳感器用于測量溫度（temperature）和相對濕度（relative humidity）
  

🎉MicroPython 內置庫

MicroPython本身內置了dht模塊，支持DHT11、DHT22，

在Shell里面分別輸入：

>>> import dht
>>> help(dht)
>>> from machine import Pin
>>> sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))
>>> help(sensor)

主要有四個步驟：

• 創建dht實體
• 開始測量
• 讀取溫度
• 讀取濕度

🔎創建dht實體 —— dht.DHT11(Pin)

# 從machine引入Pin模塊
from machine import Pin
# 引入dht模塊
import dht

# 創建dht實體
sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))
#sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))

🔎開始測量 —— sensor.measure()

# 從machine引入Pin模塊
from machine import Pin
# 引入dht模塊
import dht

# 創建dht實體
sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))
#sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))

sensor.measure()

🔎讀取溫度 —— sensor.temperature()

# 從machine引入Pin模塊
from machine import Pin
# 引入dht模塊
import dht

# 創建dht實體
sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))
#sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))

sensor.measure()
sensor.temperature()

🔎讀取濕度 —— sensor.humidity()

# 從machine引入Pin模塊
from machine import Pin
# 引入dht模塊
import dht

# 創建dht實體
sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))
#sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))

sensor.measure()
sensor.temperature()
sensor.humidity()

🎉測驗代碼，Shell列印當前溫濕度

🔎電路連線

🔎測驗代碼

# 從machine引入Pin模塊
from machine import Pin
# 引入dht模塊
import dht
# 引入睡眠方法
from time import sleep

# 創建dht實體
sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))
#sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))

print('dht11_test')

# 不斷讀取溫濕度
while True:
  try:
    # 睡眠10s  
    sleep(10)
    # 開始測量
    sensor.measure()
    # 讀取溫度
    temp = sensor.temperature()
    # 讀取濕度
    hum = sensor.humidity()
    temp_f = temp * (9/5) + 32.0
    print('Temperature: %3.1f C' %temp)
    print('Temperature: %3.1f F' %temp_f)
    print('Humidity: %3.1f %%' %hum)
  except OSError as e:
    print('Failed to read sensor.')

🔎測驗結果

>>> %Run -c $EDITOR_CONTENT
dht11_test
Temperature: 20.0 C
Temperature: 68.0 F
Humidity: 62.0 %
Temperature: 21.0 C
Temperature: 69.8 F
Humidity: 63.0 %
Temperature: 21.0 C
Temperature: 69.8 F
Humidity: 62.0 %

當前廣州2022年1月1號的室內溫濕度，

🎉測驗代碼，OLED1306顯示DHT11當前溫濕度

🔎電路連線

關于ssd1306的講解，請參考上一篇 ESP32 MicroPython開發之旅 設備篇⑥ —— OLED ssd1306，簡單上手，支持中英文數字

🔎測驗代碼

# 從machine模塊匯入I2C、Pin子模塊
from machine import I2C,Pin
# 引入dht模塊
import dht
# 引入睡眠方法
from time import sleep
# 從ssd1306模塊中匯入SSD1306_I2C子模塊
from lib_ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C

def chinese(ch_str, x_axis, y_axis): 
   offset_ = 0 
   y_axis = y_axis*8  # 中文高度一行占8個  
   x_axis = (x_axis*16)  # 中文寬度占16個 
   for k in ch_str: 
       code = 0x00  # 將中文轉成16進制編碼 
       data_code = k.encode("utf-8") 
       code |= data_code[0] << 16 
       code |= data_code[1] << 8
       code |= data_code[2]
       byte_data = fonts[code]
       for y in range(0, 16):
           a_ = bin(byte_data[y]).replace('0b', '')
           while len(a_) < 8:
               a_ = '0'+a_
           b_ = bin(byte_data[y+16]).replace('0b', '')
           while len(b_) < 8:
               b_ = '0'+b_
           for x in range(0, 8):
               oled.pixel(x_axis+offset_+x, y+y_axis, int(a_[x]))   
               oled.pixel(x_axis+offset_+x+8, y+y_axis, int(b_[x]))   
       offset_ += 16

# 中文字庫 UTF-8 從 https://www.qqxiuzi.cn/bianma/guojima.php 獲取
fonts= {
    0xE58D95:
    [0x10,0x08,0x04,0x3F,0x21,0x21,0x3F,0x21,0x21,0x3F,0x01,0x01,0xFF,0x01,0x01,0x01,
     0x10,0x20,0x40,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00],#"單"
    0xE78987:
    [0x00,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x40,
     0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20],#"片"
    0xE69CBA:
    [0x10,0x11,0x11,0x11,0xFD,0x11,0x31,0x39,0x55,0x55,0x91,0x11,0x11,0x12,0x12,0x14,
     0x00,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x12,0x12,0x12,0x0E,0x00],#"機"
    0xE88F9C:
    [0x08,0x08,0xFF,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x11,0x08,0x01,0x7F,0x05,0x09,0x31,0xC1,0x01,
     0x20,0x20,0xFE,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x10,0x20,0x00,0xFC,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x06,0x00],#"菜"
    0xE9B89F:
    [0x01,0x02,0x1F,0x10,0x12,0x11,0x11,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,
     0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x50,0x20,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xE4,0x04,0x28,0x10],#"鳥"
    0xE6B8A9:
    [0x00,0x23,0x12,0x12,0x83,0x42,0x42,0x13,0x10,0x27,0xE4,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x2F,0x00,
     0x00,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0xFC,0xA4,0xA4,0xA4,0xA4,0xFE,0x00],#"溫"
    0xE6B9BF:
    [0x00,0x27,0x14,0x14,0x87,0x44,0x44,0x17,0x11,0x21,0xE9,0x25,0x23,0x21,0x2F,0x00,
     0x00,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x20,0x20,0x24,0x28,0x30,0x20,0xFE,0x00],#"濕"
    0xE5BAA6:
    [0x01,0x00,0x3F,0x22,0x22,0x3F,0x22,0x22,0x23,0x20,0x2F,0x24,0x42,0x41,0x86,0x38,
     0x00,0x80,0xFE,0x20,0x20,0xFC,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0x00,0xF0,0x10,0x20,0xC0,0x30,0x0E],#"度"
    0xE5B9BF:
    [0x01,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x40,0x40,0x80,
     0x00,0x80,0x80,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00],#"廣"
    0xE5B79E:
    [0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x54,0x52,0x52,0x90,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x40,0x80,
     0x04,0x84,0x84,0x84,0x84,0xA4,0x94,0x94,0x84,0x84,0x84,0x84,0x84,0x84,0x04,0x04],#"州"
}

# 創建oled實體
i2c = I2C(sda=Pin(5), scl=Pin(4))   #I2C初始化：sda--> Y8, scl --> Y6
oled = SSD1306_I2C(128, 64, i2c, addr=0x3c) #OLED顯示屏初始化：128*64解析度,OLED的I2C地址是0x3c
# 創建dht實體
sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))
#sensor = dht.DHT11(Pin(14))

print('dht11_ssd1306')

# 全部滅掉
oled.fill(0)
oled.show()

# 不斷讀取溫濕度
while True:
  try:
    # 睡眠10s  
    sleep(10)
    oled.fill(0)
    oled.show()
    # 開始測量
    sensor.measure()
    # 讀取溫度
    temp = sensor.temperature()
    # 讀取濕度
    hum = sensor.humidity()
    temp_f = temp * (9/5) + 32.0
    print('Temperature: %3.1f C' %temp)
    print('Temperature: %3.1f F' %temp_f)
    print('Humidity: %3.1f %%' %hum)
    
    # 中文一個字是 16 X 16 
    chinese('單片機菜鳥',0,0)
    chinese('廣州',0,2)
    chinese('溫度',0,4)
    oled.text('%d' % (temp),  33, 41, 2)
    chinese('濕度',0,6)
    oled.text('%d' % (hum),  33, 56, 2)
    oled.show()
  except OSError as e:
    print('Failed to read sensor.')
    

🔎測驗結果

>>> %Run -c $EDITOR_CONTENT
Warning: I2C(-1, ...) is deprecated, use SoftI2C(...) instead
dht11_ssd1306
Temperature: 20.0 C
Temperature: 68.0 F
Humidity: 63.0 %
Temperature: 20.0 C
Temperature: 68.0 F
Humidity: 63.0 %
Temperature: 20.0 C
Temperature: 68.0 F
Humidity: 63.0 %