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文章目錄
- 前言
- 相關類宣告
- 一、Activity下的各類生命周期
- 一、單純FragmentManager添加或隱藏
- 二、FragmentManager回退堆疊
- 三、FragmentManager 替換(replace)
- 四、FragmentManager 分離/附加(detach,attach)
- 五、FragmentManager setMaxLifecycle
- 二、`ViewPager`下的生命周期
- BEHAVIOR_SET_USER_VISIBLE_HINT
- BEHAVIOR_RESUME_ONLY_CURRENT_FRAGMENT
- 三、`ViewPager2`下的生命周期
前言
Fragment生命周期在不同的組件下使用具有不同的生命周期,如Activity中,viewpager2 或viewpager.
相關類宣告
class FragmentOne(val logTag: String) : Fragment() {
override fun onAttach(context: Context) {
super.onAttach(context)
Log.e(logTag, "onAttach")
}
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
Log.e(logTag, "onCreate")
}
override fun onCreateView(
inflater: LayoutInflater,
container: ViewGroup?,
savedInstanceState: Bundle?
): View? {
Log.e(logTag, "onCreateView")
return super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState)
}
override fun onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState)
Log.e(logTag, "onActivityCreated")
}
override fun onStart() {
super.onStart()
Log.e(logTag, "onStart ")
}
override fun onResume() {
super.onResume()
Log.e(logTag, "onResume")
}
override fun onPause() {
super.onPause()
Log.e(logTag, "onPause")
}
override fun onStop() {
super.onStop()
Log.e(logTag, "onStop")
}
override fun onDestroyView() {
super.onDestroyView()
Log.e(logTag, "onDestroyView")
}
override fun onDestroy() {
Log.e(logTag, "onDestroy")
super.onDestroy()
}
override fun onDetach() {
super.onDetach()
Log.e(logTag, "onDetach")
}
override fun onHiddenChanged(hidden: Boolean) {
super.onHiddenChanged(hidden)
Log.e(logTag, "onHiddenChanged ${hidden}")
}
}
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
val logTag = "MainActivity"
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
Log.e(logTag, "onCreate")
}
override fun onRestart() {
super.onRestart()
Log.e(logTag, "onRestart")
}
override fun onStart() {
super.onStart()
Log.e(logTag, "onStart")
}
override fun onResume() {
super.onResume()
Log.e(logTag, "onResume")
}
override fun onPause() {
super.onPause()
Log.e(logTag, "onPause")
}
override fun onStop() {
super.onStop()
Log.e(logTag, "onStop")
}
override fun onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy()
Log.e(logTag, "onDestroy")
}
}
一、Activity下的各類生命周期
一、單純FragmentManager添加或隱藏
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
//.......
//....省略生命周期列印代碼
//.......
val fragmentOne = FragmentOne("FragmentOne")
fun submitClick(view: View) {
Log.e(logTag, "提交FragmentOne到事物")
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.add(R.id.fl_container, fragmentOne)
.commitNowAllowingStateLoss()
}
fun hideClick(view: View) {
Log.e(logTag, "隱藏FragmentOne到事物")
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.hide( fragmentOne)
.commitNowAllowingStateLoss()
}
}
(1)呼叫submitClick函式添加fragment正常生命周期如下:
這個生命周期是基礎業務知識所以不做例子講解

(2)呼叫hideClick函式隱藏fragment不影響生命周期,但是會回呼onHiddenChanged函式,傳入引數為true.
簡單來說隱藏fragment操作后回呼onHiddenChanged,但是不影響跟隨Activity生命周期.比如呼叫隱藏函式后,按下Home鍵回傳主頁,在回傳應用.

二、FragmentManager回退堆疊
提交代碼
fun submitClick(view: View) {
Log.e(logTag, "提交FragmentOne-one")
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.addToBackStack(null)
.add(R.id.fl_container, fragmentOne)
.commit()
thread {
//之所以加上休眠時間間隔 為了區區分列印兩個生命周期方便
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1)
runOnUiThread {
Log.e(logTag, "提交FragmentOne-two")
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.addToBackStack(null)
.add(R.id.fl_container, fragmenttwo)
.commit()
}
}
}
日志輸出:
MainActivity: 提交FragmentOne-one
FragmentOne-one: onAttach
FragmentOne-one: onCreate
FragmentOne-one: onCreateView
FragmentOne-one: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onResume
MainActivity: 提交FragmentOne-two
FragmentOne-two: onAttach
FragmentOne-two: onCreate
FragmentOne-two: onCreateView
FragmentOne-two: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-two: onStart
FragmentOne-two: onResume
生命周期沒有太多特殊地方.
彈出:
fun hideClick(view: View) {
Log.e(logTag, "彈出FragmentOne-two")
supportFragmentManager.popBackStack()
thread {
//之所以加上休眠時間間隔 為了區區分列印兩個生命周期方便
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1)
runOnUiThread {
Log.e(logTag, "彈出FragmentOne-one")
supportFragmentManager.popBackStack()
}
}
}
輸出:
MainActivity: 彈出FragmentOne-two
FragmentOne-two: onPause
FragmentOne-two: onStop
FragmentOne-two: onDestroyView
FragmentOne-two: onDestroy
FragmentOne-two: onDetach
MainActivity: 彈出FragmentOne-one
FragmentOne-one: onPause
FragmentOne-one: onStop
FragmentOne-one: onDestroyView
FragmentOne-one: onDestroy
FragmentOne-one: onDetach
三、FragmentManager 替換(replace)
fun submitClick(view: View) {
Log.e(logTag, "提交FragmentOne-one")
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.fl_container, fragmentOne)
.commit()
thread {
//之所以加上休眠時間間隔 為了區區分列印兩個生命周期方便
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1)
runOnUiThread {
Log.e(logTag, "提交FragmentOne-two")
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.fl_container, fragmenttwo)
.commit()
}
}
}
輸出:
MainActivity: 提交FragmentOne-one
FragmentOne-one: onAttach
FragmentOne-one: onCreate
FragmentOne-one: onCreateView
FragmentOne-one: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onResume
MainActivity: 提交FragmentOne-two
FragmentOne-two: onAttach
FragmentOne-two: onCreate
FragmentOne-one: onPause
FragmentOne-one: onStop
FragmentOne-one: onDestroyView
FragmentOne-one: onDestroy
FragmentOne-one: onDetach
FragmentOne-two: onCreateView
FragmentOne-two: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-two: onStart
FragmentOne-two: onResume
如果配合回退堆疊情況:
fun submitClick(view: View) {
Log.e(logTag, "提交FragmentOne-one")
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.addToBackStack(null)
.replace(R.id.fl_container, fragmentOne)
.commit()
thread {
//之所以加上休眠時間間隔 為了區區分列印兩個生命周期方便
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1)
runOnUiThread {
Log.e(logTag, "提交FragmentOne-two")
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.addToBackStack(null)
.replace(R.id.fl_container, fragmenttwo)
.commit()
}
}
}
輸出:
MainActivity: 提交FragmentOne-one
FragmentOne-one: onAttach
FragmentOne-one: onCreate
FragmentOne-one: onCreateView
FragmentOne-one: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onResume
MainActivity: 提交FragmentOne-two
FragmentOne-two: onAttach
FragmentOne-two: onCreate
FragmentOne-one: onPause
FragmentOne-one: onStop
FragmentOne-one: onDestroyView
FragmentOne-two: onCreateView
FragmentOne-two: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-two: onStart
FragmentOne-two: onResume
點擊回退后的彈出資訊:
FragmentOne-two: onPause
FragmentOne-two: onStop
FragmentOne-two: onDestroyView
FragmentOne-two: onDestroy
FragmentOne-two: onDetach
FragmentOne-one: onCreateView
FragmentOne-one: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onResume
總結:
添加回退堆疊后生命周期如果被replace 那么生命周期會結束在onDestroyView,回傳后重建視圖從onCreateView開始
四、FragmentManager 分離/附加(detach,attach)
fun submitClick(view: View) {
Log.e(logTag, "提交FragmentOne-one")
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.add(R.id.fl_container, fragmentOne)
.commit()
}
fun hideClick(view: View) {
Log.e(logTag, "-----------------------" )
Log.e(logTag, "fragmentOne detach" )
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.detach( fragmentOne)
.commitNowAllowingStateLoss()
Log.e(logTag, "-----------------------" )
Log.e(logTag, "fragmentOne attch" )
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.attach( fragmentOne)
.commitNowAllowingStateLoss()
Log.e(logTag, "-----------------------" )
}
輸出:
MainActivity: 提交FragmentOne-one
FragmentOne-one: onAttach
FragmentOne-one: onCreate
FragmentOne-one: onCreateView
FragmentOne-one: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onResume
MainActivity: -----------------------
MainActivity: fragmentOne detach
FragmentOne-one: onPause
FragmentOne-one: onStop
FragmentOne-one: onDestroyView
MainActivity: -----------------------
MainActivity: fragmentOne attch
FragmentOne-one: onCreateView
FragmentOne-one: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onResume
MainActivity: -----------------------
tip:如果fragment已經被attach/detach 那么再次呼叫對應的supportFragmentManager的attach/detach將不會有任何反應.
五、FragmentManager setMaxLifecycle
setMaxLifecycle我也是在近期閱讀原始碼時才發現,此函式用于設定某個fragment在FragmentManager最大的生命周期.
fun submitClick(view: View) {
Log.e(logTag, "提交FragmentOne-one")
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.add(R.id.fl_container, fragmentOne)
.setMaxLifecycle(fragmentOne,Lifecycle.State.CREATED)
.commit()
}
MainActivity: 提交FragmentOne-one
FragmentOne-one: onAttach
FragmentOne-one: onCreate
MainActivity: onPause
MainActivity: onStop
MainActivity: onRestart
MainActivity: onStart
MainActivity: onResume
可見設定最大生命周期后哪怕Activity生命周期變化fragment也必須遵循setMaxLifecycle.
二、ViewPager下的生命周期
首先需要明白viewpager2兩種適配類別
adapter兩種型別
(1)FragmentStatePagerAdapter
(2)FragmentPagerAdapter
兩個適配最大的區別在于函式destroyItem中如何處理銷毀fragment
FragmentStatePagerAdapter
@Override
public void destroyItem(@NonNull ViewGroup container, int position, @NonNull Object object) {
//...
Fragment fragment = (Fragment) object;
mCurTransaction.remove(fragment);
//...
}
FragmentPagerAdapter
@Override
public void destroyItem(@NonNull ViewGroup container, int position, @NonNull Object object) {
Fragment fragment = (Fragment) object;
mCurTransaction.detach(fragment);
}
可以簡單理解FragmentStatePagerAdapter會完全移除fragment,FragmentPagerAdapter僅會detach,如果對于記憶體比較緊張且不考慮再次使用可以使用FragmentStatePagerAdapter.
本文僅探究FragmentPagerAdapter(知道這個完全意會FragmentStatePagerAdapter)
建構式
FragmentStatePagerAdapter(@NonNull FragmentManager fm,
@Behavior int behavior)
我們看下第二引數引數列舉:
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
@IntDef({BEHAVIOR_SET_USER_VISIBLE_HINT, BEHAVIOR_RESUME_ONLY_CURRENT_FRAGMENT})
private @interface Behavior { }
BEHAVIOR_RESUME_ONLY_CURRENT_FRAGMENT:
被加載的且對用戶可見的fragment同步activity生命周期到onResume函式,其余對用戶不可見的fragment不會回呼到onResume.
BEHAVIOR_SET_USER_VISIBLE_HINT:
所有已經被viewpager加載且未移除的fragment和Activity同步生命周期,但是會回呼setUserVisibleHint判斷是否對用戶可見,或者獲取userVisibleHint屬性進行判斷.這選項已棄用.注意onHiddenChanged并不回呼
BEHAVIOR_SET_USER_VISIBLE_HINT
舉例子說明:
class MyFragmentAdapter constructor(
fm: FragmentManager,
behavior: Int
) : FragmentPagerAdapter(fm, behavior) {
//) : FragmentPagerAdapter(fm, behavior) {
val fragmentList =
listOf<FragmentOne>(
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-one"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-two"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-three"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-four"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-five"),
)
override fun getCount(): Int {
return fragmentList.size
}
override fun getItem(position: Int): Fragment {
return fragmentList[position]
}
}
//vp是viewpager物件
vp = findViewById(R.id.viewpager)
//初始化
val myFragmentAdapter = MyFragmentAdapter(
supportFragmentManager,
FragmentPagerAdapter.BEHAVIOR_SET_USER_VISIBLE_HINT
)
vp.adapter = myFragmentAdapter
vp.offscreenPageLimit = 1
myFragmentAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
vp顯示第一個fragment(FragmentOne-one)
MainActivity: onCreate
MainActivity: onStart
MainActivity: onResume
FragmentOne-one: setUserVisibleHint false
FragmentOne-two: setUserVisibleHint false
FragmentOne-one: setUserVisibleHint true
FragmentOne-one: onAttach
FragmentOne-one: onCreate
FragmentOne-two: onAttach
FragmentOne-two: onCreate
FragmentOne-one: onCreateView
FragmentOne-one: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onResume
FragmentOne-two: onCreateView
FragmentOne-two: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-two: onStart
FragmentOne-two: onResume
注意點:
(1)FragmentOne-two被初始化是因為我們設offscreenPageLimit為1,所以預加載顯示fragment兩側各1個fragment.
(2)FragmentOne-two setUserVisibleHint 被回呼 且傳入引數為true 標識當前不可以對用可見
(3)BEHAVIOR_SET_USER_VISIBLE_HINT會讓所有被加載的fragment同步Activity生命周期
vp滑動到第二個fragment(FragmentOne-two)
FragmentOne-three: setUserVisibleHint false
FragmentOne-one: setUserVisibleHint false
FragmentOne-two: setUserVisibleHint true
FragmentOne-three: onAttach
FragmentOne-three: onCreate
FragmentOne-three: onCreateView
FragmentOne-three: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-three: onStart
FragmentOne-three: onResume
在第二個fragment(FragmentOne-two)后 此時按下home鍵 (可見被加載的所有fragment同步生命周期)
FragmentOne-one: onPause
FragmentOne-two: onPause
FragmentOne-three: onPause
MainActivity: onPause
FragmentOne-one: onStop
FragmentOne-two: onStop
FragmentOne-three: onStop
MainActivity: onStop
滑動到第三個fragment(FragmentOne-three),第一個fragment(FragmentOne-one)被銷毀.(FragmentPagerAdapter銷毀操作只執行detach)
FragmentOne-four: setUserVisibleHint false
FragmentOne-two: setUserVisibleHint false
FragmentOne-three: setUserVisibleHint true
FragmentOne-four: onAttach
FragmentOne-four: onCreate
FragmentOne-one: onPause
FragmentOne-one: onStop
FragmentOne-one: onDestroyView
FragmentOne-four: onCreateView
FragmentOne-four: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-four: onStart
FragmentOne-four: onResume
BEHAVIOR_RESUME_ONLY_CURRENT_FRAGMENT
被加載的且對用戶可見的fragment同步activity生命周期到onResume函式,其余對用戶不可見的函式不會回呼到onResume.
比如,當前顯示第一個fragment,已經預加載第二個fragment,此時第二個fragment生命周期只會執行到onpuase.而第一個fragment會執行到onresume.假設用戶按下home按鍵回傳主頁,第一個fragment會跟隨Activity執行onpuase onstop.第二個fragment不會有任何回呼.
vp = findViewById(R.id.viewpager)
//初始化
val myFragmentAdapter = MyFragmentAdapter(
supportFragmentManager,
FragmentPagerAdapter.BEHAVIOR_RESUME_ONLY_CURRENT_FRAGMENT
)
vp.adapter = myFragmentAdapter
vp.offscreenPageLimit = 1
myFragmentAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
class MyFragmentAdapter constructor(
fm: FragmentManager,
behavior: Int
) : FragmentPagerAdapter(fm, behavior) {
//) : FragmentPagerAdapter(fm, behavior) {
val fragmentList =
listOf<FragmentOne>(
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-one"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-two"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-three"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-four"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-five"),
)
override fun getCount(): Int {
return fragmentList.size
}
override fun getItem(position: Int): Fragment {
return fragmentList[position]
}
}
顯示第一個fragment(FragmentOne-one)
輸出:
MainActivity: onCreate
MainActivity: onStart
MainActivity: onResume
FragmentOne-one: onAttach
FragmentOne-one: onCreate
FragmentOne-two: onAttach
FragmentOne-two: onCreate
FragmentOne-one: onCreateView
FragmentOne-one: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-two: onCreateView
FragmentOne-two: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-two: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onResume
可以看到第二個fragment(FragmentOne-two)只能處于onstart狀態,并沒有到onresume.
此時我們按下home按鍵
FragmentOne-one: onPause
MainActivity: onPause
FragmentOne-one: onStop
FragmentOne-two: onStop
MainActivity: onStop
此時在從后臺回傳回傳到應用
MainActivity: onRestart
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-two: onStart
MainActivity: onStart
MainActivity: onResume
FragmentOne-one: onResume
vp滑動到第二個fragment(FragmentOne-two)
FragmentOne-three: onAttach
FragmentOne-three: onCreate
FragmentOne-three: onCreateView
FragmentOne-three: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-three: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onPause
總結:
(1) BEHAVIOR_RESUME_ONLY_CURRENT_FRAGMENT只有對用戶顯示的fragment才能回呼onresume函式
(2) 被滑出不可見且未被銷毀會走到onpuase
(3) Activity回傳主頁執行到后臺或者銷毀,所有被加載的fragment也會同步
(4) Activity從后臺恢復到前臺,對用戶不顯示的fragment會走到onstart函式,對用戶可見的fragment會走到onresume函式
(5) …
三、ViewPager2下的生命周期
ViewPager2基于RecycleView實作,所以三級快取機制會影響到fragment的銷毀(三級快取默認為5個).
如果offscreenPageLimit小于5,那么vp2滑動到第五個fragment將會對第一個fragment執行remove操作.
所有被加載的fragment生命周期同viewpager的BEHAVIOR_RESUME_ONLY_CURRENT_FRAGMENT一樣,除了被銷毀機制之外.
vp2 = findViewById(R.id.viewpager2)
//初始化
val myFragmentAdapter = MyFragmentAdapter(supportFragmentManager, lifecycle)
vp2.adapter = myFragmentAdapter
vp2.offscreenPageLimit = 1
myFragmentAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
class MyFragmentAdapter constructor(
fm: FragmentManager,
lifecycle: Lifecycle
) : androidx.viewpager2.adapter.FragmentStateAdapter(fm, lifecycle) {
val fragmentList =
listOf(
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-one"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-two"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-three"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-four"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-five"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-six"),
FragmentOne("FragmentOne-seven"),
)
override fun getItemCount(): Int {
return fragmentList.size
}
override fun createFragment(position: Int): Fragment {
return fragmentList[position]
}
}
顯示第一個fragment時
MainActivity: onCreate
MainActivity: onStart
MainActivity: onResume
FragmentOne-one: onAttach
FragmentOne-one: onCreate
FragmentOne-one: onCreateView
FragmentOne-one: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onResume
FragmentOne-two: onAttach
FragmentOne-two: onCreate
FragmentOne-two: onCreateView
FragmentOne-two: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-two: onStart
按下home按鍵
FragmentOne-one: onPause
MainActivity: onPause
FragmentOne-one: onStop
FragmentOne-two: onStop
MainActivity: onStop
從后臺回傳到前臺
MainActivity: onRestart
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-two: onStart
MainActivity: onStart
MainActivity: onResume
FragmentOne-one: onResume
其它類似BEHAVIOR_RESUME_ONLY_CURRENT_FRAGMENT所以不再舉例.
Viewpager2銷毀邏輯舉例:
還是上面的例子我們直接滑動第五個Fragment(FragmentOne-five).
/*顯示第一個Fragment*/
MainActivity: onCreate
MainActivity: onStart
MainActivity: onResume
FragmentOne-one: onAttach
FragmentOne-one: onCreate
FragmentOne-one: onCreateView
FragmentOne-one: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-one: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onResume
FragmentOne-two: onAttach
FragmentOne-two: onCreate
FragmentOne-two: onCreateView
FragmentOne-two: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-two: onStart
/*顯示第二個Fragment*/
FragmentOne-three: onAttach
FragmentOne-three: onCreate
FragmentOne-three: onCreateView
FragmentOne-three: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-three: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onPause
FragmentOne-two: onResume
/*顯示第三個Fragment*/
FragmentOne-four: onAttach
FragmentOne-four: onCreate
FragmentOne-four: onCreateView
FragmentOne-four: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-four: onStart
FragmentOne-two: onPause
FragmentOne-three: onResume
/*顯示第四個Fragment*/
FragmentOne-five: onAttach
FragmentOne-five: onCreate
FragmentOne-five: onCreateView
FragmentOne-five: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-five: onStart
FragmentOne-three: onPause
FragmentOne-four: onResume
/*顯示第五個Fragment*/
FragmentOne-six: onAttach
FragmentOne-six: onCreate
FragmentOne-six: onCreateView
FragmentOne-six: onActivityCreated
FragmentOne-six: onStart
FragmentOne-one: onStop
FragmentOne-one: onDestroyView
FragmentOne-one: onDestroy
FragmentOne-one: onDetach
FragmentOne-four: onPause
FragmentOne-five: onResume
可以看到滑動到第五個時FragmentOne-one完全被移除銷毀.如果你的業務不需要銷毀只需要擴大offscreenPageLimit大小
轉載請註明出處,本文鏈接:https://www.uj5u.com/qita/50785.html
標籤:其他
