從搭建大資料環境說起，到執行WordCount所遇到的坑
目錄- 從搭建大資料環境說起，到執行WordCount所遇到的坑
- 背景說明
- 基于docker compose的大資料環境搭建
- docker-compose.yml
- hadoop-hive.env
- run.sh
- copy-jar.sh
- stop.sh
- 基于IDEA提交MapReduce至yarn
- 參考串列
- pom.xml
- log4j.properties
- words.txt
- HdfsDemo.java
- WordCountRunner.java
背景說明
最近(2020年12月20日)在了解大資料相關架構及技術體系，
雖然說只是了解，不需要親自動手去搭建一個環境并執行相應的job，
但是，技術嘛，就是要靠下笨功夫，一點點的積累，該動手的還是不能少，
所以，就從搭環境(基于docker)開始，一直到成功執行了一個基于yarn調度的wordcount的job，
期間，遇到了不少坑點，一個一個填好，大概花了10個小時左右的時間，
希望能將這種血淚教訓，分享給需要的人，花更少的時間，去完成整個流程，
注意：個人本地環境為macOS Big Sur，
基于docker compose的大資料環境搭建
參考 docker-hadoop-spark-hive 快速構建你的大資料環境 搭建了一個大資料環境，調整了部分引數，以適用于mac os，
主要是如下五個檔案：
.
├── copy-jar.sh # spark yarn支持
├── docker-compose.yml # docker compose檔案
├── hadoop-hive.env # 環境變數配置
├── run.sh # 啟動腳本
└── stop.sh # 停止腳本
注意：mac os的docker有一個坑點就是無法直接在宿主機訪問容器，我使用Docker for Mac 的網路問題及解決辦法（新增方法四）中的方法四解決的，
注意：需要在宿主機配置好相應docker容器對應的ip，這才能保證job成功執行，且各個服務在宿主機訪問的時候，跳轉不會出現問題，這坑很深，慎踩，
# switch_local
172.21.0.3 namenode
172.21.0.8 resourcemanager
172.21.0.9 nodemanager
172.21.0.10 historyserver
docker-compose.yml
version: '2'
services:
namenode:
image: bde2020/hadoop-namenode:1.1.0-hadoop2.8-java8
container_name: namenode
volumes:
- ~/data/namenode:/hadoop/dfs/name
environment:
- CLUSTER_NAME=test
env_file:
- ./hadoop-hive.env
ports:
- 50070:50070
- 8020:8020
resourcemanager:
image: bde2020/hadoop-resourcemanager:1.1.0-hadoop2.8-java8
container_name: resourcemanager
environment:
- CLUSTER_NAME=test
env_file:
- ./hadoop-hive.env
ports:
- 8088:8088
historyserver:
image: bde2020/hadoop-historyserver:1.1.0-hadoop2.8-java8
container_name: historyserver
environment:
- CLUSTER_NAME=test
env_file:
- ./hadoop-hive.env
ports:
- 8188:8188
datanode:
image: bde2020/hadoop-datanode:1.1.0-hadoop2.8-java8
depends_on:
- namenode
volumes:
- ~/data/datanode:/hadoop/dfs/data
env_file:
- ./hadoop-hive.env
ports:
- 50075:50075
datanode2:
image: bde2020/hadoop-datanode:1.1.0-hadoop2.8-java8
depends_on:
- namenode
volumes:
- ~/data/datanode2:/hadoop/dfs/data
env_file:
- ./hadoop-hive.env
ports:
- 50076:50075
datanode3:
image: bde2020/hadoop-datanode:1.1.0-hadoop2.8-java8
depends_on:
- namenode
volumes:
- ~/data/datanode3:/hadoop/dfs/data
env_file:
- ./hadoop-hive.env
ports:
- 50077:50075
nodemanager:
image: bde2020/hadoop-nodemanager:1.1.0-hadoop2.8-java8
container_name: nodemanager
hostname: nodemanager
environment:
- CLUSTER_NAME=test
env_file:
- ./hadoop-hive.env
ports:
- 8042:8042
hive-server:
image: bde2020/hive:2.1.0-postgresql-metastore
container_name: hive-server
env_file:
- ./hadoop-hive.env
environment:
- "HIVE_CORE_CONF_javax_jdo_option_ConnectionURL=jdbc:postgresql://hive-metastore/metastore"
ports:
- "10000:10000"
hive-metastore:
image: bde2020/hive:2.1.0-postgresql-metastore
container_name: hive-metastore
env_file:
- ./hadoop-hive.env
command: /opt/hive/bin/hive --service metastore
ports:
- 9083:9083
hive-metastore-postgresql:
image: bde2020/hive-metastore-postgresql:2.1.0
ports:
- 5432:5432
volumes:
- ~/data/postgresql/:/var/lib/postgresql/data
spark-master:
image: bde2020/spark-master:2.1.0-hadoop2.8-hive-java8
container_name: spark-master
hostname: spark-master
volumes:
- ./copy-jar.sh:/copy-jar.sh
ports:
- 18080:8080
- 7077:7077
env_file:
- ./hadoop-hive.env
spark-worker:
image: bde2020/spark-worker:2.1.0-hadoop2.8-hive-java8
depends_on:
- spark-master
environment:
- SPARK_MASTER=spark://spark-master:7077
ports:
- "18081:8081"
env_file:
- ./hadoop-hive.env
hadoop-hive.env
HIVE_SITE_CONF_javax_jdo_option_ConnectionURL=jdbc:postgresql://hive-metastore-postgresql/metastore
HIVE_SITE_CONF_javax_jdo_option_ConnectionDriverName=org.postgresql.Driver
HIVE_SITE_CONF_javax_jdo_option_ConnectionUserName=hive
HIVE_SITE_CONF_javax_jdo_option_ConnectionPassword=hive
HIVE_SITE_CONF_datanucleus_autoCreateSchema=false
HIVE_SITE_CONF_hive_metastore_uris=thrift://hive-metastore:9083
HIVE_SITE_CONF_hive_metastore_warehouse_dir=hdfs://namenode:8020/user/hive/warehouse
CORE_CONF_fs_defaultFS=hdfs://namenode:8020
CORE_CONF_fs_default_name=hdfs://namenode:8020
CORE_CONF_hadoop_http_staticuser_user=root
CORE_CONF_hadoop_proxyuser_hue_hosts=*
CORE_CONF_hadoop_proxyuser_hue_groups=*
HDFS_CONF_dfs_webhdfs_enabled=true
HDFS_CONF_dfs_permissions_enabled=false
YARN_CONF_yarn_log___aggregation___enable=true
YARN_CONF_yarn_resourcemanager_recovery_enabled=true
YARN_CONF_yarn_resourcemanager_store_class=org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.recovery.FileSystemRMStateStore
YARN_CONF_yarn_resourcemanager_fs_state___store_uri=/rmstate
YARN_CONF_yarn_nodemanager_remote___app___log___dir=/app-logs
YARN_CONF_yarn_log_server_url=http://historyserver:8188/applicationhistory/logs/
YARN_CONF_yarn_timeline___service_enabled=true
YARN_CONF_yarn_timeline___service_generic___application___history_enabled=true
YARN_CONF_yarn_resourcemanager_system___metrics___publisher_enabled=true
YARN_CONF_yarn_resourcemanager_hostname=resourcemanager
YARN_CONF_yarn_timeline___service_hostname=historyserver
YARN_CONF_yarn_resourcemanager_address=resourcemanager:8032
YARN_CONF_yarn_resourcemanager_scheduler_address=resourcemanager:8030
YARN_CONF_yarn_resourcemanager_resource__tracker_address=resourcemanager:8031
YARN_CONF_yarn_resourcemanager_resource__tracker_address=resourcemanager:8031
YARN_CONF_yarn_nodemanager_aux___services=mapreduce_shuffle
run.sh
#!/bin/bash
# 啟動容器
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d namenode hive-metastore-postgresql
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d datanode datanode2 datanode3 hive-metastore
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d resourcemanager
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d nodemanager
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d historyserver
sleep 5
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d hive-server
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d spark-master spark-worker
# 獲取ip地址并列印到控制臺
my_ip=`ifconfig | grep 'inet.*netmask.*broadcast' | awk '{print $2;exit}'`
echo "Namenode: http://${my_ip}:50070"
echo "Datanode: http://${my_ip}:50075"
echo "Spark-master: http://${my_ip}:18080"
# 執行腳本，spark yarn支持
docker-compose exec spark-master bash -c "./copy-jar.sh && exit"
copy-jar.sh
#!/bin/bash
cd /opt/hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/ && cp jersey-core-1.9.jar jersey-client-1.9.jar /spark/jars/ && rm -rf /spark/jars/jersey-client-2.22.2.jar
stop.sh
#!/bin/bash
docker-compose stop
基于IDEA提交MapReduce至yarn
參考串列
- IDEA向hadoop集群提交MapReduce作業
- java操作hadoop hdfs，實作檔案上傳下載demo
- IDEA遠程提交mapreduce任務至linux，遇到ClassNotFoundException: Mapper
注意：在提交至yarn的時候，要將代碼打成jar包，否則會報錯ClassNotFoundExeption，具體參考《IDEA遠程提交mapreduce任務至linux，遇到ClassNotFoundException: Mapper》，
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.switchvov</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-test</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<name>hadoop-test</name>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-common</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-hdfs</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger=INFO, console
log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} method:%l%m%n
words.txt
this is a tests
this is a tests
this is a tests
this is a tests
this is a tests
this is a tests
this is a tests
this is a tests
this is a tests
HdfsDemo.java
package com.switchvov.hadoop.hdfs;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IOUtils;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
* @author switch
* @since 2020/12/18
*/
public class HdfsDemo {
/**
* hadoop fs的組態檔
*/
private static final Configuration CONFIGURATION = new Configuration();
static {
// 指定hadoop fs的地址
CONFIGURATION.set("fs.default.name", "hdfs://namenode:8020");
}
/**
* 將本地檔案(filePath)上傳到HDFS服務器的指定路徑(dst)
*/
public static void uploadFileToHDFS(String filePath, String dst) throws Exception {
// 創建一個檔案系統
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(CONFIGURATION);
Path srcPath = new Path(filePath);
Path dstPath = new Path(dst);
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
fs.copyFromLocalFile(false, srcPath, dstPath);
System.out.println("Time:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start));
System.out.println("________準備上傳檔案" + CONFIGURATION.get("fs.default.name") + "____________");
fs.close();
}
/**
* 下載檔案
*/
public static void downLoadFileFromHDFS(String src) throws Exception {
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(CONFIGURATION);
Path srcPath = new Path(src);
InputStream in = fs.open(srcPath);
try {
// 將檔案COPY到標準輸出(即控制臺輸出)
IOUtils.copyBytes(in, System.out, 4096, false);
} finally {
IOUtils.closeStream(in);
fs.close();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String filename = "words.txt";
// uploadFileToHDFS(
// "/Users/switch/projects/OtherProjects/bigdata-enviroment/hadoop-test/data/" + filename,
// "/share/" + filename
// );
downLoadFileFromHDFS("/share/output12/" + filename + "/part-r-00000");
}
}
WordCountRunner.java
package com.switchvov.hadoop.mapreduce.wordcount;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author switch
* @since 2020/12/17
*/
public class WordCountRunner {
/**
* LongWritable 行號 型別
* Text 輸入的value 型別
* Text 輸出的key 型別
* IntWritable 輸出的value 型別
*
* @author switch
* @since 2020/12/17
*/
public static class WordCountMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> {
/**
* @param key 行號
* @param value 第一行的內容 如 this is a tests
* @param context 輸出
* @throws IOException 例外
* @throws InterruptedException 例外
*/
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String line = value.toString();
// 以空格分割獲取字串陣列
String[] words = line.split(" ");
for (String word : words) {
context.write(new Text(word), new IntWritable(1));
}
}
}
/**
* Text 輸入的key的型別
* IntWritable 輸入的value的型別
* Text 輸出的key型別
* IntWritable 輸出的value型別
*
* @author switch
* @since 2020/12/17
*/
public static class WordCountReducer extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable> {
/**
* @param key 輸入map的key
* @param values 輸入map的value
* @param context 輸出
* @throws IOException 例外
* @throws InterruptedException 例外
*/
@Override
protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
int count = 0;
for (IntWritable value : values) {
count += value.get();
}
context.write(key, new IntWritable(count));
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
// 跨平臺，保證在 Windows 下可以提交 mr job
conf.set("mapreduce.app-submission.cross-platform", "true");
// 配置yarn調度
conf.set("mapreduce.framework.name", "yarn");
// 配置resourcemanager的主機名
conf.set("yarn.resourcemanager.hostname", "resourcemanager");
// 配置默認了namenode訪問地址
conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://namenode:8020");
conf.set("fs.default.name", "hdfs://namenode:8020");
// 配置代碼jar包，否則會出現ClassNotFound例外，參考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_19648191/article/details/56684268
conf.set("mapred.jar", "/Users/switch/projects/OtherProjects/bigdata-enviroment/hadoop-test/out/artifacts/hadoop/hadoop.jar");
// 任務名
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf, "word count");
// 指定Class
job.setJarByClass(WordCountRunner.class);
// 指定 Mapper Class
job.setMapperClass(WordCountMapper.class);
// 指定 Combiner Class，與 reduce 計算邏輯一樣
job.setCombinerClass(WordCountReducer.class);
// 指定Reucer Class
job.setReducerClass(WordCountReducer.class);
// 指定輸出的KEY的格式
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
// 指定輸出的VALUE的格式
job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
//設定Reducer 個數默認1
job.setNumReduceTasks(1);
// Mapper<Object, Text, Text, IntWritable> 輸出格式必須與繼承類的后兩個輸出型別一致
String filename = "words.txt";
String args0 = "hdfs://namenode:8020/share/" + filename;
String args1 = "hdfs://namenode:8020/share/output12/" + filename;
// 輸入路徑
FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(args0));
// 輸出路徑
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args1));
System.exit(job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0 : 1);
}
}
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