我是 Spring Boot 的新手，我正在嘗試了解測驗的概念。最近我正在嘗試為我的控制器實作 DELETE 請求測驗，但我遇到了一些問題，我有一些疑問：
首先，如果沒有要洗掉的物件，我如何測驗 Delete、PUT 或 GET 單個物件請求？我應該在每次測驗開始時啟動一些物件嗎？
其次，在這樣的測驗中注入 Service 的意義何在？我們在嘲笑它，僅此而已。我沒有發現自己在測驗中使用了任何服務。也許有辦法解決使用它的第一個問題？
有我的測驗班
package com.example.springrestuser;
import com.example.springrestuser.user.controller.UserController;
import com.example.springrestuser.user.entity.User;
import com.example.springrestuser.user.security.Sha256;
import com.example.springrestuser.user.service.UserService;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Disabled;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@WebMvcTest(UserController.class)
public class UserControllerTest {
@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
@MockBean
private UserService userService;
@Test
public void canAddUserTest() throws Exception {
User user = User.builder()
.login("user")
.name("User")
.surname("uuser")
.dateOfBirth(LocalDate.of(2000, 12, 4))
.password(Sha256.hash("useruser"))
.email("[email protected]")
.build();
mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/api/users")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
.content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user)))
.andExpect(status().isCreated());
}
@Test
public void canDeleteUserTest() throws Exception {
User user = User.builder()
.login("user")
.name("User")
.surname("uuser")
.dateOfBirth(LocalDate.of(2000, 12, 4))
.password(Sha256.hash("useruser"))
.email("[email protected]")
.build();
userService.add(user); //maybe it would work somehow?
mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.delete("/api/users/{login}","user"))
.andExpect(status().isAccepted());
}
@Test
public void canPutUserTest() throws Exception {
User user = User.builder()
.login("user")
.name("User")
.surname("uuser")
.dateOfBirth(LocalDate.of(2000, 12, 4))
.password(Sha256.hash("useruser"))
.email("[email protected]")
.build();
//sending the post method and then put?
mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/api/users")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
.content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user)));
user.setName("new_User");
mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.put("/api/users/{login}","user"))
.andExpect(status().isAccepted());
}
@Test
public void canGetSingleUserTest() throws Exception {
User user = User.builder()
.login("user")
.name("User")
.surname("uuser")
.dateOfBirth(LocalDate.of(2000, 12, 4))
.password(Sha256.hash("useruser"))
.email("[email protected]")
.build();
mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/api/users/{login}", "adam"))
.andExpect(status().isOk());
}
}
有控制器類
package com.example.springrestuser.user.controller;
import com.example.springrestuser.user.dto.CreateUserRequest;
import com.example.springrestuser.user.dto.GetUserResponse;
import com.example.springrestuser.user.dto.GetUsersResponse;
import com.example.springrestuser.user.dto.UpdateUserRequest;
import com.example.springrestuser.user.entity.User;
import com.example.springrestuser.user.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("api/users")
public class UserController {
UserService userService;
@Autowired
public UserController(UserService userService) {
this.userService = userService;
}
@GetMapping("")
public ResponseEntity<GetUsersResponse> getUsers() {
List<User> all = userService.findAll();
GetUsersResponse getUsersResponse = GetUsersResponse.entityToDtoMapper(all);
return ResponseEntity.ok(getUsersResponse);
}
@GetMapping("{login}")
public ResponseEntity<GetUserResponse> getUser(@PathVariable("login") String login) {
return userService.find(login)
.map(user -> ResponseEntity.ok(GetUserResponse.entityToDtoMapper(user)))
.orElseGet(() -> ResponseEntity.notFound().build());
}
@PostMapping("")
public ResponseEntity<Void> createUser(@RequestBody CreateUserRequest request) {
User user = CreateUserRequest.dtoToEntityMapper(request);
userService.add(user);
return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.CREATED);
}
@PutMapping("{login}")
public ResponseEntity<Void> updateUser(@RequestBody UpdateUserRequest request,
@PathVariable("login") String login) {
Optional<User> user = userService.find(login);
if (user.isEmpty()) {
return ResponseEntity.notFound().build();
}
UpdateUserRequest.dtoToEntityMapper(request, user.get());
userService.update(user.get());
return ResponseEntity.accepted().build();
}
@DeleteMapping("{login}")
public ResponseEntity<Void> deleteUser(@PathVariable("login") String login) {
Optional<User> user = userService.find(login);
if (user.isEmpty()) {
return ResponseEntity.notFound().build();
}
userService.delete(user.get());
return ResponseEntity.accepted().build();
}
}
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
回答您的問題：
- 隨著
@WebMvcTest你沒有應用程式的其余部分進行測驗，以你的控制器層被加載（通常被稱為片測驗）。這意味著除了 JSON 的序列化和反序列化之外，您在這里要測驗的只是 Controller 中的邏輯。這意味著您實際上并未洗掉任何內容，因為您只是在測驗控制器層。要實際測驗資料庫中某些內容的洗掉，您需要進行完整的集成測驗。 - 如果沒有模擬
UserServicebean，您UserController將被 Spring 實體化。這里面你應該做的@WebMvcTest是UserService根據你要在Controller中測驗的邏輯進行mock 。例如，在您的@DeleteMapping("{login}")端點中，您需要執行以下測驗：
- 測驗 #1：模擬
userService.find(login)回傳一個空值Optional<User>，然后檢查 HTTP 狀態代碼是否為 404。 - 測驗 #2：模擬
userService.find(login)回傳一個非空值Optional<User>，然后檢查 HTTP 狀態代碼是否為 202。
大致如下：
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@WebMvcTest(UserController.class)
public class UserControllerTest {
@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
@MockBean
private UserService userService;
@Test
public void shouldDeleteUserIfFound() throws Exception {
// Arrange
String login = "user";
User user = User.builder()
.login(login)
.name("User")
.surname("uuser")
.dateOfBirth(LocalDate.of(2000, 12, 4))
.password(Sha256.hash("useruser"))
.email("[email protected]")
.build();
doReturn(Optional.of(user)).when(this.userService).find(login);
// Act & Assert
mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.delete("/api/users/{login}", login))
.andExpect(status().isAccepted());
}
@Test
public void shouldNotDeleteUserIfNotFound() throws Exception {
// Arrange
String login = "user";
doReturn(Optional.empty()).when(this.userService).find(login);
// Act & Assert
mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.delete("/api/users/{login}", login))
.andExpect(status().isNotFound());
}
}
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