我面臨一個奇怪的問題。在 Maven 中，我將 Java 級別設定為 1.8。在我的代碼中，我有一些 Java 11 語法，即：
final Optional<Stock> stock = stockRepo.findById(id);
if (stock.isEmpty()) {
throw new StockNotFoundException("Stock not found, id: " id);
}
代碼編譯得很好，我原以為它會失敗。
在 pom 我有：
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
...
Maven 使用 -X 選項列印以下日志
[DEBUG] Command line options:
[DEBUG] -d /Users/user/Desktop/java_dev/projects/stockapp-spring-boot/stockapp/target/classes -classpath /Users/user/Desktop/java_dev/projects/stockapp-spring-boot/stockapp/target/classes:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-web/2.6.2/spring-boot-starter-web-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter/2.6.2/spring-boot-starter-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot/2.6.2/spring-boot-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-autoconfigure/2.6.2/spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-logging/2.6.2/spring-boot-starter-logging-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.2.9/logback-classic-1.2.9.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-core/1.2.9/logback-core-1.2.9.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-to-slf4j/2.17.0/log4j-to-slf4j-2.17.0.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-api/2.17.0/log4j-api-2.17.0.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/jul-to-slf4j/1.7.32/jul-to-slf4j-1.7.32.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/jakarta/annotation/jakarta.annotation-api/1.3.5/jakarta.annotation-api-1.3.5.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/yaml/snakeyaml/1.29/snakeyaml-1.29.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-json/2.6.2/spring-boot-starter-json-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/datatype/jackson-datatype-jdk8/2.13.1/jackson-datatype-jdk8-2.13.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/datatype/jackson-datatype-jsr310/2.13.1/jackson-datatype-jsr310-2.13.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/module/jackson-module-parameter-names/2.13.1/jackson-module-parameter-names-2.13.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-tomcat/2.6.2/spring-boot-starter-tomcat-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-core/9.0.56/tomcat-embed-core-9.0.56.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-websocket/9.0.56/tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.56.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-web/5.3.14/spring-web-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-beans/5.3.14/spring-beans-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-webmvc/5.3.14/spring-webmvc-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-context/5.3.14/spring-context-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-expression/5.3.14/spring-expression-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-security/2.6.2/spring-boot-starter-security-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-aop/5.3.14/spring-aop-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/security/spring-security-config/5.6.1/spring-security-config-5.6.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/security/spring-security-core/5.6.1/spring-security-core-5.6.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/security/spring-security-crypto/5.6.1/spring-security-crypto-5.6.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/security/spring-security-web/5.6.1/spring-security-web-5.6.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-data-jpa/2.6.2/spring-boot-starter-data-jpa-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-aop/2.6.2/spring-boot-starter-aop-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/aspectj/aspectjweaver/1.9.7/aspectjweaver-1.9.7.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-jdbc/2.6.2/spring-boot-starter-jdbc-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/com/zaxxer/HikariCP/4.0.3/HikariCP-4.0.3.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-jdbc/5.3.14/spring-jdbc-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/jakarta/transaction/jakarta.transaction-api/1.3.3/jakarta.transaction-api-1.3.3.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/jakarta/persistence/jakarta.persistence-api/2.2.3/jakarta.persistence-api-2.2.3.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/hibernate/hibernate-core/5.6.3.Final/hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/jboss/logging/jboss-logging/3.4.2.Final/jboss-logging-3.4.2.Final.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/net/bytebuddy/byte-buddy/1.11.22/byte-buddy-1.11.22.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/antlr/antlr/2.7.7/antlr-2.7.7.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/jboss/jandex/2.2.3.Final/jandex-2.2.3.Final.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/classmate/1.5.1/classmate-1.5.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/hibernate/common/hibernate-commons-annotations/5.1.2.Final/hibernate-commons-annotations-5.1.2.Final.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/glassfish/jaxb/jaxb-runtime/2.3.5/jaxb-runtime-2.3.5.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/glassfish/jaxb/txw2/2.3.5/txw2-2.3.5.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/com/sun/istack/istack-commons-runtime/3.0.12/istack-commons-runtime-3.0.12.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/data/spring-data-jpa/2.6.0/spring-data-jpa-2.6.0.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/data/spring-data-commons/2.6.0/spring-data-commons-2.6.0.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-orm/5.3.14/spring-orm-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-tx/5.3.14/spring-tx-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-api/1.7.32/slf4j-api-1.7.32.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-aspects/5.3.14/spring-aspects-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-validation/2.6.2/spring-boot-starter-validation-2.6.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-el/9.0.56/tomcat-embed-el-9.0.56.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/hibernate/validator/hibernate-validator/6.2.0.Final/hibernate-validator-6.2.0.Final.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/jakarta/validation/jakarta.validation-api/2.0.2/jakarta.validation-api-2.0.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/liquibase/liquibase-core/4.5.0/liquibase-core-4.5.0.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/javax/xml/bind/jaxb-api/2.3.1/jaxb-api-2.3.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/javax/activation/javax.activation-api/1.2.0/javax.activation-api-1.2.0.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/module/jackson-module-jaxb-annotations/2.13.1/jackson-module-jaxb-annotations-2.13.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-annotations/2.13.1/jackson-annotations-2.13.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-core/2.13.1/jackson-core-2.13.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-databind/2.13.1/jackson-databind-2.13.1.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/jakarta/xml/bind/jakarta.xml.bind-api/2.3.3/jakarta.xml.bind-api-2.3.3.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/jakarta/activation/jakarta.activation-api/1.2.2/jakarta.activation-api-1.2.2.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-core/5.3.14/spring-core-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-jcl/5.3.14/spring-jcl-5.3.14.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/projectlombok/lombok/1.18.22/lombok-1.18.22.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/mapstruct/mapstruct-processor/1.3.1.Final/mapstruct-processor-1.3.1.Final.jar:/Users/user/.m2/repository/org/mapstruct/mapstruct/1.3.1.Final/mapstruct-1.3.1.Final.jar: -sourcepath /Users/user/Desktop/java_dev/projects/stockapp-spring-boot/stockapp/src/main/java:/Users/user/Desktop/java_dev/projects/stockapp-spring-boot/stockapp/target/generated-sources/annotations: -s /Users/user/Desktop/java_dev/projects/stockapp-spring-boot/stockapp/target/generated-sources/annotations -g -nowarn -target 1.8 -source 1.8 -encoding UTF-8
有什么線索嗎？
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
提供的代碼中沒有特定的 Java 11語法。使用了 JDK8 中不存在的 API，因此如果您嘗試使用 JDK8 編譯它，它將失敗。但是您可能正在將 JAVA_HOME 設定為 JDK11 進行編譯。
語法差異類似于：
final var stock = stockRepo.findById(id);
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