我正在嘗試將新行寫入 CSV 檔案，但我不能，因為我在 Python Shell 中遇到錯誤。
下面是我正在使用的代碼（我正在從 API 讀取 JSON 并希望將資料放入 CSV 檔案）
# import urllib library
from urllib.request import Request, urlopen
c=1
# import json
import json
# store the URL in url as
# parameter for urlopen
import pandas as pd
import csv
headerList = ['name','id','order','height','weight','speed','special_defense','special_attack','defense','attack','hp']
# open CSV file and assign header
with open("pokemon_stats.csv", 'w') as file:
dw = csv.DictWriter(file, delimiter=',',
fieldnames=headerList)
dw.writeheader()
# display csv file
fileContent = pd.read_csv("pokemon_stats.csv")
for r in range(1,3):
req = Request('https://pokeapi.co/api/v2/pokemon/' str(r) '/', headers={'User-Agent': 'Chrome/32.0.1667.0'})
# store the response of URL
response = urlopen(req)
# storing the JSON response
# from url in data
data_json = json.loads(response.read())
#print(data_json)
for key, value in data_json.items():
if key=='name':
name=value
elif key=='id':
id=value
elif key=='order':
order=value
elif key=='height':
height=value
elif key=='weight':
weight=value
elif key == 'stats':
for sub in data_json['stats']:
for i in sub:
if i=='base_stat':
base_stat=sub[i]
if i=='stat':
for j in sub[i]:
if j=='name':
stat_name=sub[i][j]
if stat_name=='hp':
hp=base_stat
elif stat_name=='attack':
attack=base_stat
elif stat_name=='defense':
defense=base_stat
elif stat_name=='special-attack':
special_attack=base_stat
elif stat_name=='special-defense':
special_defense=base_stat
elif stat_name=='speed':
speed=base_stat
data = [name,id,order,height,weight,speed,special_defense,special_attack,defense,attack,hp]
dw.writerow(data)
在我嘗試執行此代碼后，我收到如下錯誤：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/sbelcic/Desktop/NANOBIT_API.py", line 117, in <module>
dw.writerow(data)
File "C:\Users\sbelcic\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\csv.py", line 155, in writerow
return self.writer.writerow(self._dict_to_list(rowdict))
File "C:\Users\sbelcic\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\csv.py", line 148, in _dict_to_list
wrong_fields = rowdict.keys() - self.fieldnames
AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'keys'*
有人可以幫忙告訴我我做錯了什么。
我沒有使用 Python 處理 JSON 回應的作業經驗，因此歡迎提出任何意見。如果有人看到更好的方法來做到這一點，歡迎分享。
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
由于 dw 是 a DictionaryWriter， data 需要是一個字典（目前它是一個串列），如檔案中所示。
將資料轉換為帶有標題的字典
data = [name,id,order,height,weight,speed,special_defense,special_attack,defense,attack,hp]
data = dict(zip(headerList, data))
dw.writerow(data)
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
檢查使用DictWriter. _ 您需要將字典傳遞給writerow而不是串列，因此您的最后一行應該是
data =['name':name,'id': id,'order':order,'height': height,'weight':weight,'speed':speed,'special_defense':special_defense,'special_attack':special_attack,'defense':defense,'attack':attack,'hp':hp]
dw.writerow(data)
data請注意，如果您填充字典而不是您的所有代碼，您的整個代碼也可以簡化if/else：
data={} #empty dictionary
#First extract everything that is on the main level of your dict
for key in ("name", "id", "order", "height", "weight":
if key in data_json:
data[key]=data_json[key]
#Check if the "stats" dict exists in your JSON data
if 'stats' in data_json:
if 'base_stat' in data_json['stats']:
data['base_stat']=data_json['stats']['base_stat']
if 'stat' in data_json['stats']:
statDict = data_json['stats']['stat']
for key in ['hp', 'attack', 'defense', 'special-attack', 'special-defense', 'speed']:
if key in statDict:
data[key]=statDict[key]
筆記：
- 我沒有測驗這段代碼，仔細檢查，但我希望你明白
- 如果缺少統計資訊，您可以添加
else到所有if key in檢查以包含錯誤訊息 - 如果您確定所有密鑰將始終存在，那么您可以跳過一些
if檢查
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
我將忽略讓您來到這里的實際錯誤，而是提出徹底的重組：我認為您的代碼將更簡單，更容易推理。
我查看了從那個 Pokemon API 回傳的 JSON，我明白了你為什么要走上這條路：有很多資料，而你只需要其中的一小部分。所以，你需要付出很多努力才能準確地挑選出你想要的東西。
DictWriter界面可以在這里真正為您提供幫助。考慮這個非常小的例子：
header = ['name', 'id', 'order']
with open('output.csv', 'w', newline='') as f:
writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=header)
writer.writeheader()
writer.writerow({'name': 'bulbasaur', 'id': 1, 'order': 1, 'species': {}})
也許你以前運行過這樣的東西并得到這個錯誤：
ValueError: dict contains fields not in fieldnames: 'species'
因為您加載的 JSON 具有您在創建...時未包含的鍵，writer因為您不想要它們。然后，也許你想，“嗯，這意味著我必須非常有選擇性地在傳遞給 dict 之前輸入writerow()什么？
由于您已經為header定義了您關心的鍵，因此請使用這些鍵從 JSON 中提取您想要的內容：
header = ['name', 'id', 'order', 'height', 'weight',
'speed', 'special-defense', 'special-attack',
'defense', 'attack', 'hp']
all_data = json.load(open('1.json')) # bulbasaur, I downloaded this from the API URL
my_data = {}
for key in header:
my_data[key] = all_data.get(key) # will return None for sub-stats keys, which is okay for now
writer = csv.DictWriter(sys.stdout, fieldnames=header)
writer.writeheader()
writer.writerow(my_data)
dict（JSON 資料）上的get(key_name)方法將嘗試在 dict 中找到該鍵并回傳該鍵的值。如果未找到密鑰，None則回傳。運行我得到以下 CSV（子統計列是空的，正如預期的那樣）：
name,id,order,height,weight,speed,special_defense,special_attack,defense,attack,hp
bulbasaur,1,1,7,69,,,,,,
This has the same effect as your "if this key, then this value" statements, but it's driven by the data (header names) you already defined.
On to the sub-stats...
I think it's safe to assume that if there is a stats key in the JSON, each "stat object" in the list of stats will have the data you want. It's important to make sure you're only copying the stats you've specified in header; and again, you can use your data to drive the process:
for stat in all_data['stats']:
stat_name = stat['stat']['name']
if stat_name not in header:
continue # skip this sub-stat, no column for it in the CSV
base_stat = stat['base_stat']
my_data[stat_name] = base_stat
When I insert that loop, I now get this for my CSV output:
name,id,order,height,weight,speed,special_defense,special_attack,defense,attack,hp
bulbasaur,1,1,7,69,45,,,49,49,45
Some stats are populated, but some, the "special" stats are blank? That's because in your header you've named them like special_attack (with underscore) but in reality they're like special-attack (with hyphen). I fixed your header, and now I get:
name,id,order,height,weight,speed,special-defense,special-attack,defense,attack,hp
bulbasaur,1,1,7,69,45,65,65,49,49,45
Those are all the pieces you need. To put it together, I recommend the following structure... I'm a big fan of breaking up a process like this into distinct tasks: get all the data, then process all the data, then write all the processed data. It makes debugging easier, and less indentation of code:
# Make all API calls and record their JSON
all_datas = []
# loop over your API calls:
# make the request
# get the JSON data
# append JSON data to all_datas
# Process/transform the API JSON into what you want
my_data_rows = []
for all_data in all_datas:
my_data_row = {}
for key in header:
my_data_row[key] = all_data.get(key)
for stat in all_data['stats']:
stat_name = stat['stat']['name']
if stat_name not in header:
continue # skip this sub-stat
base_stat = stat['base_stat']
my_data[stat_name] = base_stat
# Write your transformed data to CSV
writer = csv.DictWriter(sys.stdout, fieldnames=header)
writer.writeheader()
writer.writerows(my_data_rows)
轉載請註明出處，本文鏈接：https://www.uj5u.com/shujuku/423435.html
標籤：